Scientific pig-raising technology

Raising pigs in China has a history of thousands of years. Except for a few ethnic groups that ban pigs, the vast majority of farmers have the habit of raising pigs. Therefore, there is the saying that "the poor do not lose pigs, and the rich do not lose books". In rural areas, almost every household raises pigs, but it is often raised by traditional methods, such as beating pig vegetables, cooking pig meat, and so on, so that breeding is time-consuming, laborious, and inefficient. To change this situation, scientific pig-raising technology must be used.

Select superior varieties

1. Landrace pig: originated in Denmark, Landrace pig is the most widely distributed, the most numerous and has a high lean meat yield in the world, with a lean meat rate of 60-63%. Adult boars weigh 250-350 kg and sows weigh 220-300 kg. Woping gave birth to 10-12 babies, weaning weight in two months was 15-18 kg, body weight at 6 months old was more than 90 kg, average daily gain was 700 grams, feed-to-meat ratio was 3.5.

2. Yorkshire Pig: Yorkshire Pig, also known as Big White Pig, originated in England. At the age of 6 months, the weight can reach about 100 kg, and more than 160 kg a year. Adult boars weigh 300-500 kg and sows weigh 250-350 kg. The sows gave birth to 10 calves and weaned more than 16 kilograms in bimonthly. The daily gain is more than 650 grams, the feed conversion rate is 3-3.5, and the lean meat rate is more than 60%.

3. Duroc pig: Duroc pig, whose full name is Duroc Jersey, originated in the United States. The body weight can reach 90 kg at 153 days after birth and 160 kg a year, with an average daily gain of more than 600 grams and a feed-to-meat ratio of 2.91. It is suitable to be the second male parent. Adult boars 340-450 kg, sows 300-390 kg, bimonthly weaning weight 16 kg, lean meat rate about 60%.

4. Taihu pig: Taihu pig is a breed with the highest fecundity and the largest litter size in the world, which is mainly distributed in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Taihu Lake basin at the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. Taihu pig is of medium size and 15 sows have flat litters. it is a rare good maternal parent in the pig industry in the world.

5. Rongchang pig: Rongchang pig, which originated in Rongchang and Longchang counties of Sichuan province, has a history of more than 300 years, with an average of 12 calves, 150-200 kg adult sows and 42% lean meat.

6. Duroc pig: Duroc pig, which originated in the northeast of the United States, is one of the most famous and widely distributed dominant lean pig breeds in the world. It is usually used as a hybrid male parent to produce commercial meat pigs, called Golden Terminal Boar. Compared with other breeds of boars, Duroc pigs are sturdy and sturdy, and commercial pigs related to Duroc pigs are generally welcomed without stress and meat quality problems.

7. Hybrid pig: a hybrid piglet produced by mating between domestic local sows and foreign boars, which is better for fattening pigs, can better show parental heterosis, and has strong vitality and growth intensity. it is shown in various traits such as stress resistance, reproduction rate, development rate, physiological activity, yield, quality, life span and endurance.

Matching diet composition

1. Energy feed, also known as carbohydrate feed, is mainly for the growth and development of pigs, including corn, sorghum, rice, wheat, sweet potato, rice bran, wheat bran and so on. We are mainly corn and rice here.

2. Protein feed is a nutrient with large demand for pigs. The main function is to form a variety of tissues, maintain health, ensure reproduction and promote development. It includes a variety of beans and cakes, as well as animal proteins, such as fish meal, meat meal, feather meal, silkworm pupa powder and so on. The protein content of legumes is 20-24%, cake meal 25-50%, and animals more than 50%.

3. Vitamin supplements account for a small part of feed, but the metabolism, growth and reproduction, sensory activity and nerve function of pigs are closely related to them, and the main function is to control and regulate metabolism. In the diet, there is no shortage of refined green fodder 1. 6. 6-2.

4. The main function of mineral feed is to form bones and teeth, regulate blood concentration, promote digestive nerve activity, muscle activity and endocrine activity. There are mainly salt, bone meal, shell powder, calcium carbonate, charcoal, laterite and so on.

5. Additive feed refers to the minerals and various drugs (such as insect repellent, stomach medicine, etc.) that are artificially added to the feed.

Feed preparation principle

1. Take measures in accordance with local conditions, use local materials, make full use of local feed resources, strive for diversification, and strive for basic balance or full price of ingredients and nutrition.

2. The palatability of feed, only considering nutrition and neglecting palatability, can not achieve the expected goal.

3. Pay attention to the relationship between feed volume and feed intake of pigs.

4. The proportion of crude fiber in feed should not exceed 20%.

5. Toxic cake feed should not account for a higher proportion in formula feed, and it is required to be detoxified before use.

6. Trace elements, salt and preventive drugs in premix must be stirred evenly in proportion to prevent poisoning.

7. Try to make use of the feed with low price and can meet the nutritional requirements, so as to reduce the feed cost.