Construction Plan of tens of thousands of Pig Farm in Coulan

Basic principles of site selection

In order to build a pig farm, we must first consider the problem of location. Site selection is not only related to the health and epidemic prevention of pig farms, the growth of pigs and the work efficiency of breeders, but also related to the success or failure and efficiency of pig breeding as well as the protection of the surrounding environment. Site selection should consider comprehensive factors, such as area, topography, orientation, traffic, water source, power supply, epidemic prevention conditions, natural disasters and economic environment, etc., general site selection should follow the following principles. 1. Topography. In general, the terrain is neat and open, so as to make full use of the site and reasonable layout of buildings, and reduce the workload of cleaning the site before construction. The terrain requires high dryness, southward direction, flat or gentle slope. In the case of a gentle slope, the slope should not be greater than 25 °in order to reduce capital construction investment.

two。 The combination of agriculture and animal husbandry. The combination of agriculture and animal husbandry is the fundamental way to set up large pig farms in mountainous areas and take ecological breeding to solve environmental pollution. A ten thousand pig farm produces nearly 50 tons of feces and urine and sewage every day. If these dung and urine are naturally digested through nearby farmland, orchards, fishing ponds, etc., it is a good fertilizer; if disorderly discharge, it will cause great environmental pollution. Therefore, when selecting the site, we should consider the surrounding farmland, orchards, fishing ponds and other supporting facilities. Generally speaking, a 10,000 pig farm needs about 80 hectares of land to digest the feces. This is the most cost-effective and economical way to deal with manure, and large farms abroad also use manure tanks to store manure and urine, which are regularly transported to the fields as crop fertilizer.

3. The transportation is convenient. Convenient transportation is extremely important to pig farms. On average, a 10,000 pig farm goes in and out of about 20 tons of feed a day, transports about 30 commercial pigs and 4 tons of fertilizer every day. Inconvenient transportation will bring great difficulties to production. In addition, the inconvenience of transportation also affects the life and work of workers.

4. It's good for epidemic prevention. Due to the epidemic prevention needs of pig farms and the pollution to the surrounding environment, large-scale pig farms should be built far away from urban areas, residential areas and traffic trunk lines, generally more than 1 km from traffic roads and residential areas. If there are barriers such as walls, rivers, forest belts, etc., the distance can be appropriately shortened. It is forbidden to build farms in tourist areas and areas with serious industrial pollution.

5. The site should have water and power. Pig farms need water and electricity, so they must have water and power. Ten thousand pig farms must have a reliable water source with good quality, large quantity and no pollution. generally, the daily water consumption of a ten thousand pig farm is about 150 ~ 250 tons. Ten thousand pig farms have complete sets of mechanical and electrical equipment, including water supply, heat preservation, ventilation, feed processing, cleaning, disinfection, flushing and other equipment, plus the daily electricity consumption of workers, the installed capacity of a ten thousand pig farm (except feed processing) should be 70,100 kilowatts. If the local power grid can not stabilize the power supply, large pig farms should provide their own corresponding generating units.

6. The area of the site. The total area of the pig farm should meet the requirement of an annual fattening pig covering an area of 2.5 square meters, and the production building area should meet the requirement of 0.8 square meters of a fattening pig per year. Therefore, a large-scale pig farm with an annual output of 10, 000 heads must cover an area of about 3. 3 hectares and produce a construction area of about 1 hectare (10000 square meters).

Founding conditions

To establish a large-scale pig farm with an annual output of 10,000 heads, the following conditions must be met.

1. There are stable sales channels-daily sales of 30 pigs, weekly sales of 210 pigs.

two。 There are sufficient sites-about 3.3 hectares of hillside land with a flat or slightly gentle slope.

3. There are sufficient land resources to absorb pig manure-80 hectares of farmland, orchards or fishing ponds around.

4. There is enough money-- about 13.5 million yuan invested.

5. There is adequate power and water-installed capacity (except feed processing) 70,100kW, daily water consumption 150,250t.

6. There are convenient sources of feed-10 tons of daily feed and 70 tons of weekly feed.

7. Have sufficient technical force-have professional and technical personnel such as breeding, veterinarian, breeding and so on.

Planning scheme

1. Area planning. The total planned area of the pig farm is 3.3 hectares, which is divided into office and living areas and breeding and production areas, with walls isolated between the two areas. The breeding and production area is the main part of the pig farm, including pig sheds, isolation houses, disinfection rooms, veterinary rooms, feed factories, warehouses, etc., covering an area of more than 1 hectare (10000 square meters).

two。 Production scale. Ten thousand lean pigs are produced every year, 6000 pigs are kept every year, and the annual feeding capacity is 16000.

3. Pollutant discharge and environmental protection. The pollutants in pig farms are mainly pig manure and sewage, which are mainly supplied to nearby farmland, orchards and fishing ponds as fertilizers after eliminating harmful microorganisms by accumulation fermentation, so as to promote the development of grain, cash crops and fishery; if conditions permit, three-stage fermentation ponds can be adopted for precipitation and fermentation treatment to meet the national discharge standards for fish culture water quality.

4. The overall layout of the venue. The production area is separated from the living area, and the material passage and dung passage are separated in the production area. according to the characteristics of the local main wind direction and running water direction, the living area is built on the top of the production area. all kinds of pig houses in the production area are arranged from top to bottom as follows: boar house, sow house, lactation sow, piggery, fattening pig house. The fattening pig house should be close to the gate of the field area in order to facilitate the fattening. The veterinary room and diseased pig isolation house, autopsy room and fecal yard are at the lowest leeward of the production area. The feed processing room is between the breeding pig house and the fattening pig house, and if possible, it is best to separate the breeding farm from the fattening farm.

5. Factors to be considered in piggery construction.

(1) warm in winter and cool in summer, the roof should have a certain thickness (not less than 10 cm) and good thermal insulation.

(2) in the direction of the enclosure, it is best to move from east to west and from north to south to facilitate daylighting.

(3) epidemic prevention and hygiene. A disinfection pool is built at the entrance of the field and the production area, which is as wide as the entrance, the length is not less than 1.5 times the perimeter of the entry and exit wheel, and the depth is 15cm to 20cm. Large-scale pig farms should have special changing rooms, ultraviolet disinfection rooms and disinfection pools at the entrance of the production area.

(4) feeding density.

6. Production process and main technical measures.

(1) production process. According to the modern mode of production to produce pork, the implementation of assembly line production technology. That is, breeding →, pregnancy, → delivery, → lactation, → breeding, → fattening, → sales, forming a continuous production line, planned and rhythmically arranged pig production throughout the year.

(2) main technical measures.

① chooses excellent hybrid combinations. Through scientific experiment and practice, it is planned to produce du Da Landrace, du Landrace or large Landrace hybrid commercial pigs with a lean meat rate of more than 60%.

Piglets were weaned at the early stage of 28-35 days in ②. Early weaning can increase the annual parity, litter size and parturition of sows, and help to control the disease. Early weaning makes suckling pigs eat fully nutritious compound feed as soon as possible. As long as the technical essentials are mastered and fed properly, the growth performance of suckling pigs is slightly higher than that of non-early weaned piglets. Due to the implementation of early weaning, the annual birth number of sows in the whole farm can reach more than 2.2.

③ provides high quality balanced diets according to different growth stages of pigs. According to the nutrient demand of pigs at different stages, such as empty pregnant period, pregnancy period, lactation period, nursing period, growing period, fattening period and so on, the corresponding full price diet was given, so as to improve the feed reward, the utilization rate of pig house and reduce the cost. When purchasing feed raw materials, we should adhere to the principle of freshness and high quality. After rearing for 5.5 to 6 months, the body weight of commercial pigs reached 100kg and 110kg, and the feed-to-weight ratio was 2.8 to 2.9.

④ strengthens feeding and management. Do a good job of epidemic prevention and disinfection, strengthen the feeding and management of pig farms, improve the conception rate of mating and the breeding rate of piglets, and institutionalize the management. Improve the sanitary disinfection system, implement various epidemic prevention measures, and vaccinate strictly and scientifically in accordance with immunization procedures. Control the flow of personnel in various production and living areas and do a good job in disinfection of personnel, vehicles and tools.

7. Personnel planning. There are 1 director, 2 deputy director (1 technical director and 1 sales deputy director), 2 breeders, 5 pregnant houses, 5 delivery houses, 3 nurseries, 5 fattening houses, 1 statistician, 2 veterinarians, 1 repair assistant, 1 doorman and 28 employees.

8. Financial planning. There are 10, 000 lean pigs per year, with a total investment of 13.5 million yuan, including fixed assets of 12.7 million yuan and working capital of 800000 yuan. Various investments: pig house construction 10, 000 square meters × 300 yuan / square meter, 2.8 million yuan; feed factory (annual output 3000 tons), 1 million yuan; office and living room 600 square meters × 400 yuan / square meter, 240000 yuan; veterinary room and equipment, 50, 000 yuan; hydropower, sewage treatment facilities, 500000 yuan; fences, roads and other facilities, 300000 yuan; breeding boar stock 30 × 1500 yuan, 45000 yuan Sow stock 640 head × 1500 yuan / head, 960000 yuan; other size pig stock 5500 head × 1500 yuan / head, 1.815 million yuan; sow cage 110000 yuan × 1400 yuan / set; birth cage 200 sets × 1400 yuan / set, 280000 yuan; nursery cage rack, leaky floor 50 × 2000 yuan per pig, 100000 yuan; land of 3.3ha × 1.2 million yuan per hectare (formation and transfer fee), 4 million yuan; transport and transportation, 500,000 yuan Working capital, 800000 yuan; total 13.5 million yuan.