Feeding and management techniques of breeding boars

As the saying goes, "good sow, good litter. Good boar, good slope. " It can be seen that boars play an important role in the process of pig breeding, and the purpose of raising boars is to make boars have good semen quality and breeding ability, and to complete the task of breeding, in order to make breeding boars have good reproductive performance and improve the productivity of sows, let's take a look at the breeding and management techniques of boars.

Rational feeding

First of all, the needs of protein should be met in boar feed, because protein has a lot to do with the increase of boar semen quantity and quality and the lifespan of sperm. At the same time, adequate vitamins and minerals should be ensured, and the matching of nutrients should be reasonable. the dietary crude protein level of breeding boars should be 18: 20%, and the digestible energy in the diet should be 3 × 10. 3, 1 MCAL / kg, so that boars are not fat or thin, and normal breeding conditions can be ensured. Overweight and thin boars will reduce their libido and cause limb and foot disease, which can be fed only 2 times a day. The limit of feeding is less than 2 to 3 kilograms.

Rational utilization

Boars should be used rationally and not too frequently. Excessive mating or sperm collection does not affect sperm motility, but it can reduce sperm density and metabolic energy, thus affecting the fertilization rate. The reserve boars that have just started to be used should be used once a week. Young boars at the age of 1 and 2 should not be bred more than once a day, and they should rest for 2 days after 2 or 3 consecutive days. Adult boars over 2 years old should not be used more than 2 times a day. The interval between the two should not be less than 6 hours, and at least 2 days of rest a week, otherwise the useful life of boars will be shortened. Boar each breeding time is long, generally 5-15 minutes, mating should keep the surrounding environment quiet, without any interference, so that boar ejaculation is complete. Long-term non-breeding of boars will lead to a decline in semen quality and libido, so boars that do not need to be used for a long time should also be collected regularly to maintain their libido and semen quality.

Timely training

1. Boars are generally trained at the age of 6 months. when training and mating, the ground of the breeding pen should be flat, not too rough and too slippery, and the area of the breeding pen should not be too small to avoid injuries caused by boars during breeding.

2. When training the reserve boar, the sow with stable estrus should be selected first, and the body shape of the sow and the trained boar should not be too different. When the backup boar climbs the hip for the first time, if the direction is not corresponding to patient training, assist the little boar to insert the penis into the sow's vagina and complete ejaculation.

3. Boars should be careful not to cause too much stimulation to boars when they are vaccinated and given some necessary treatment, so as to avoid fear from the breeders when boars are young.

4. Boars should be vaccinated against reproductive disorders before taking part in training and breeding, and je vaccine should be injected one month before training to ensure the quality of immunity.

Strengthen management

1. The boar's enclosure should be appropriately large, preferably with a playground, with plenty of sunshine, good ventilation, and a solid and dry ground.

2. Establish a good living system. Feeding, semen collection or mating, exercise, brush test and other work should be carried out in a general fixed time, the use of conditioned reflex to enable boars to develop a regular life system, easy to manage.

3. Strengthen the exercise of breeding boars, which can promote appetite, strengthen physique, avoid overweight, improve libido and semen quality, and reduce the occurrence of limb and hoof disease. Boars should be allowed to exercise every day, and driving exercises should be carried out in addition to sports in the playground. Summer can be carried out in the morning or evening when the weather is cool, and winter can be carried out at noon.

4. Check the semen quality of boar regularly. For boars undergoing artificial insemination, the semen quality should be checked every time they collect semen. If the boar is used, it should be checked once or twice a month, especially the backup boar. Before and when it is first used, the semen of the boar should be checked 3 times. The boar with poor semen quality must not be bred.

5. To do a good job of preventing cold and reducing heat, the suitable temperature for breeding boars is 18-20 degrees. In winter, pig houses should be protected from cold and heat preservation, so as to reduce feed consumption and disease occurrence. It is necessary to prevent heat and cool down when it is hot in summer, and the effect of high temperature on breeding boars is particularly important. in light cases, the appetite and libido decreases, and the semen quality decreases in severe cases. When breeding boars were exposed to high temperature for a long time, the semen quality was seriously affected, such as the decrease of sperm motility, the decrease of total sperm and live sperm, and the increase of abnormal sperm.

6. Regularly drive boars in vivo and in vitro. Ivermatin can be injected intramuscularly for every 33 kg of body weight, twice a year.

7. To prevent the occurrence of severe transmission and breeding diseases of pigs, and do a good job of routine vaccination.