What are the breeds of improved pigs

What are the breeds of improved pigs? The improved pig breeds include Chinese lean pig new strain, Rongchang pig lean type strain, Jihe white pig, Landrace pig, Hubei white pig, Zhejiang Zhongbai pig, Sanjiang white pig, Dika pig and Xiang white pig, which are introduced in detail as follows.

New strain of Chinese Lean Pig

The breeding of this strain is a major scientific and technological research project in China's "Seventh five-year Plan" and "eighth five-year Plan". The strain has 4 paternal lines and 5 matrilineal lines. The new strain of male parent mainly carried out large group subbreeding of imported pig breeds (large White, Duroc, Landrace) under the existing conditions in China (climate, feeding, management, etc.), paying attention to keeping these pig breeds in the growth rate. The advantages of lean meat percentage and other traits were selected in the aspects of limb and hoof robustness, anti-stress ability, reproductive performance and so on. After breeding, the lean meat rate of the chest of the new male parent strain has been significantly improved, from 60.6% to 62.24%. The age of 90 kg body weight has been shortened from 175 days after birth to less than 160 days, and the feed consumption per kg weight gain has decreased from 3.0 kg to 2.8 kg. The new strain of female parent mainly makes use of the characteristics of large number of offspring and good meat quality of local improved varieties in China. The litter size of the five new female parent lines after breeding reached 12.5 Mel 15.67, the 172-day-old weight reached 90 kg, and the carcass lean percentage reached 54.31% Mel 61.08%. The average lean meat yield of hybrid combinations reached 475.5 kg, which reached the advanced level of similar research at home and abroad. Pig breeding promotion covers more than 20 provinces, cities and districts across the country.

Rongchang pig lean meat type strain

Rongchang pig lean type strain is a key scientific research project of the Ministry of Agriculture during the Seventh five-year Plan and the eighth five-year Plan. On the basis of the breeding of the original Rongchang pig, the strain was properly introduced into the blood and herd of Landrace pigs, and then subbred. On the basis of maintaining the excellent characteristics of coat color and meat quality of the original Rongchang pig, the strain focused on increasing the lean percentage, feed reward and growth rate. The strain has a white coat all over the body, black spots on the head (which is the original Rongchang pig's coat color characteristics), the mouth is simple, medium length, the same size in the ear, slightly drooping, and the head size is moderate. The waist is straight and the hindquarters are plump. The limbs are tall and strong, with more than 6 pairs of effective nipples. The reproductive performance of Rongchang pig is similar to that of Rongchang pig. The litter weight is 128kg, the weaning weight is 128kg, the body weight is 90kg, the age is 180.7 days, and the daily gain is 0.635 kg at 20ml 90kg stage. The ratio of feed to meat was 3.25%, and the percentage of lean meat was 56.43%. Compared with the original Rongchang pig, the main economic traits increased by 25% and 63%, and maintained the characteristics of local pig breeds. The system has good adaptability and has achieved considerable economic benefits in Sichuan, Beijing, Hainan, Gansu and other provinces and cities.

Jihe White Pig

Jihe White pig includes 2 specialized maternal lines and 1 specialized paternal line. The maternal line A was hybridized from three strains of large white pig, Dingxian pig and Shenxian pig, and the maternal line B was synthesized from Landrace pig, Hangu black pig, Taihu pig and Erhualian pig. Paternal C was selected from 4 American Hampshire pigs by subculture. Jihe White pigs were produced by three-line matching and two-stage crossbreeding. Line A was mated with line B to produce parental generation of AB,AB sows, and then mated with line C boars to produce commercial generation CAB and all fattened. Commercial pigs are all white. It is characterized by a large number of sows, strong consistency of commercial pigs, high lean rate and fast growth rate. The litter size of An and B was 12.12,13.02 respectively, the daily gain was 0.771 kg and 0.702 kg respectively, and the lean meat percentage was 58.26% and 60.04%, respectively. The daily gain of paternal C was 0.819 kg, the ratio of feed to meat was 2.88%, and the percentage of lean meat was 65.34%. The parents' generation AB crossed with paternal C, the litter size reached 13.52, the CAB154 age of commercial pigs reached 90 kg, the daily weight gain was 0.816 kg, and the lean meat rate was 60.34%. It has a good promotion prospect.

Landrace pig

Originated in Denmark, formerly known as Landrace. Because of its long body and all white coat, it is commonly known as Landrace pig in our country. In 1964, China was first introduced by Sweden. After years of domestication, its physique tends to be loose from delicate to loose, its physique from delicate to sturdy, and its hooves are more solid. At the age of 6 months, the body weight is 83mi 85 kg, the body length is 110.3 MUE 112.4 cm, the litter size is more than 12, the litter number of first parturient sows is 10.8, and the weaning litter weight is 107 kg. Through breeding, all the performance indexes of breeding pigs have been improved. The average daily gain is 0.7 kg in the 90kg stage, the slaughtering rate is 75.3%, and the carcass lean rate is 65%. Landrace pigs have a fast growth rate. The feed utilization rate is high, the lean meat rate is high, and the sows have more litters and enough milk. The weight of weaning litter was higher, and the adaptability was improved after breeding. This pig breed can be found all over China, and as an important male parent breed, it plays an important role in the cross improvement of pig breeds in China.

Hubei White Pig

It originated in Hubei and is mainly distributed in central China. Hubei white pigs are white, light and straight, with two ears leaning forward or slightly drooping, straight back and waist, long middle body, small abdomen, plump legs and arms, strong legs and hooves, and more than 12 effective nipples. The adult boar weighs 250 kilograms and the sow weighs 200 kilograms. This variety has the characteristics of high lean meat percentage, good meat quality, rapid growth and development, excellent reproductive performance and so on. The body weight of 6-month-old boars is 90 kg, the average daily gain of 25-kilogram boars is 0.6 kg 0.65 kg, the ratio of feed to meat is less than 3.5 RL, the body weight of 90 kg is 180 days old, the litter size of first-born sows is 9.5 rain 10.5, and there are more than 12 sows. Hubei white pigs have good combining ability in crossing with Duroc and Hampshire pigs, especially with Duroc pigs. The body weight stage of the first generation of Dux Lake hybrid fattening pigs was 20Mel 90kg, the daily gain was 0.65MIT 0.75kg, the dominance rate of hybrids was 10%, the ratio of feed to meat was 3.1MU 3.3, and the percentage of carcass lean was more than 62%. It is an excellent female parent for cross utilization.

Zhejiang Zhongbai pig

The back hair is all white, the figure is medium, the head and neck is light, the face is straight or slightly concave, the ears are medium and large, lean forward or droop slightly, the waist is longer, the abdominal line is straight, the leg and arm muscles are plump, and there are more than 14 nipples. The adult boar weighs 200 kg and the sow weighs 150 Mel 180 kg. This pig breed belongs to lean meat breed, which has excellent characteristics such as strong physique, strong fecundity, remarkable cross utilization effect and good adaptability to high temperature and high humidity climate conditions. it is a good female parent for commercial lean meat pigs. The litter number was 9 sows at first birth and 12 sows at birth. At the age of 190 days, the body weight reached 90 kg, the average daily gain was 0.52 mm 0.6 kg, the ratio of feed to meat was 3.6%, and the carcass lean percentage was 57%. Zhejiang Zhongbai pigs were crossed with Duroc, Hampshire, Danish Landrace and Yorkshire pigs, the average litter size was more than 12, and the average litter size of Duroc, Hampshire, Danish Landrace and Yorkshire pigs reached 90 kg at 175 days. The average daily gain was more than 0.7 kg, the ratio of feed to meat was less than 3.3, and the percentage of carcass lean was more than 60%.

Sanjiang White Pig

This pig breed is a lean meat breed, which has the characteristics of fast growth, high litter size, high lean meat percentage, good meat quality and cold tolerance. It is mainly distributed in the Sanjiang Plain in the east of Heilongjiang Province, and it is an excellent parent for producing commercial pigs and carrying out cross utilization. The pig has white back hair, long middle body, small abdominal circumference, plump hindquarters and strong limbs. The adult boar weighs 250 kilograms and the sow weighs 200 kilograms. The body weight of the reserve boar at the age of 6 months was 80ml / 85kg, and the weight of the reserve sow was 75kg / 80kg at the age of 6 months. The average daily gain of fattening pigs is 0.6 kg at the stage of 90 kg, the age of 90 kg is 185 days, the carcass lean rate is 57% Mel 58%, the litter number of first-born sows is 9 mi, and the number of parturient sows is 1113. Sanjiang White pigs had good combining ability with Duroc, Hampshire and Landrace pigs, and had significant effect with Duroc pigs. During the fattening period, the average daily gain was 0.65 kg and the lean meat rate was 62%.

Dika pig

DEKALB, which is a breed of breeding pig for short, is a breed bred by American Dika Company in 1970s. Card matching line breeding pigs include Zeng Zu Dai (GGP). Grandparents (GP), parents (PS) and commodity heterosis (MK). In May 1991, China introduced the Zeng Zu breeding pig line from the United States, which is composed of five lines, which are called A, B, C, E and F respectively. These five lines are all purebred pigs, which can be used to produce commercial pigs, give full play to the genetic potential of specialized strains and obtain the maximum heterosis. Dika pig has the outstanding characteristics of large litter size, fast growth rate, high feed conversion rate and high carcass lean percentage. And physically strong. A series of advantages, such as neat population, strong feeding ability, good meat quality, anti-stress and so on. The litter size was 11.7 sows at first birth and 12.5 sows at birth. The age of 90 kg body weight was 150 days, the ratio of feed to meat was 2.8%, the percentage of carcass lean meat was 60%, and the slaughtering rate was 74%. This pig breed is suitable for feeding and management and has a good prospect of popularization.

Xiangbai pig

This pig breed is a new lean pig strain selected in Hubei Province during the "Seventh five-year Plan" and "eighth five-year Plan" period. This pig breed has the characteristics of good production performance, genetic stability, tolerance to rough feeding, high litter yield, fast growth, high lean meat rate, good meat quality and so on. It is deeply welcomed by producers and consumers. The average litter size of sows is 1212.5, the 180-day weight of fattening pigs is 90 kg, and the carcass lean percentage is 57.5%. Under medium nutrition conditions, the hybrid commercial pigs produced by crossing Xiang white sows with imported Duroc boars have a body weight of 90 kg at 160-170 days after birth, a daily gain of more than 0.7 kg during fattening period, a feed-to-meat ratio of 3.0 ~ 3.2% and a carcass lean rate of 60% ~ 63%. Compared with Sanyuan common hybrid commercial pigs, the lean meat rate is increased by 5% and 7%. It has been widely promoted in Hunan Province, and some of it has also been extended to Guangdong and other places.