Introduction to planting methods and cultivation techniques of passionflower

Passion flower is a perennial evergreen climbing woody vine belonging to passion flower family, also known as passion fruit, Brazil fruit, passion fruit, heart lotus, etc., originated in Brazil, and later planted in South America, South Africa, Southeast Asian countries, Australia and South Pacific regions. Our country is cultivated in Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places. Let's take a look at the planting technology of passion flower together!

Passionflower growth habits

Passion flower originated in South America, tropical, subtropical common cultivation, tropical, subtropical fruit, like light, sunny and warm climate environment. Adaptability is strong, the soil requirements are not strict, can be planted in front of the house, mountain, roadside, but rich in organic matter, loose, deep soil layer, good drainage, sufficient sunshine sunny garden best growth, avoid ponding, drought resistance, should keep the soil moist.

Cultivars of passion flower

1. Purple fruit seed: The fruit peel of passion flower purple fruit seed is purple red and the branches are green. It is suitable for planting in cool summer and 300 to 500 meters above sea level, but not suitable for cultivation in the Pearl River Delta or south of summer high temperature weather.

2. Yellow fruit seed: Passiflora yellow fruit seed has strong adaptability, large fruit, high yield, excellent quality, high juice yield, but poor cold resistance. Some varieties also have self-flowering and non-fruit phenomenon, which requires artificial pollination.

How to breed passion flower

Sowing: Seed reproduction can be carried out all year round, but it is better to sow in spring and autumn. Generally, plants with strong growth, no diseases and insect pests, high and stable yield are selected as mother plants, fruits with correct fruit shape, slightly heavy and fully mature fruits are picked, seeds are taken out, and seeds can be sown after washing residues and drying. When sowing, 1 kg seeds are dressed with 10~20 g carbendazim for about 20 minutes, then the seeds are evenly spread on the seedbed, covered with a thin layer of grass, showered with enough water, and transplanted when the seedlings grow 4 true leaves.

2, layering: layering propagation in spring 2~3 months is appropriate, the branches on the mother plant pressed into the soil or wrapped with soil and other things to form adventitious roots, and then the branches above the adventitious roots and mother plants separated to form an independent new plant propagation method. In order to interrupt the downward transport of organic matter such as sugar, auxin and other substances from the upper ends of leaves and branches during layering, these substances can be accumulated in the upper part of the treatment for use in rooting.

3, cuttage: cuttage time to spring 2~3 months is appropriate, but also autumn. The cuttings were cut and soaked in 25 mg/kg ABr rooting powder solution for 30 minutes. Then the cuttings were cultured in nutrient bags with diameter of 8 cm × height of 12 cm. The cutting depth reached 2/3 of the cutting length. It took about 3~4 months for the cuttings to come out of the nursery.

How to grow passion fruit

1. Soil: Passiflora planting soil should choose sandy loam with fertile soil, loose texture and good permeability, clay soil, tight sand, cold sand and places easy to scour. It is not suitable for planting or planting after improvement. The pH of soil should be neutral and slightly acidic below pH 7.0.

2, planting: passion flower seedlings to properly cut off the old leaves, nutrition bags to break out of the bag, can not be buried in the soil. When fixing seedlings, mix proper amount of decomposed organic fertilizer with sandy loam for planting soil or cover soil. When planting, straighten out the root system, fill the soil layer by layer, and compact it tightly. After planting, irrigate root water in time. Newly dug planting holes, planting seedlings slightly higher than the root neck 8~10 cm above the ground level. After planting, the tree tray is arranged and covered with small pieces of film of 50×50 cm.

2. Fertilizer and water: When passionflower is first planted, base fertilizer application should be combined with hole opening planting. 10~15 kg of decomposed farm manure is applied to each hole, and planting is carried out after backfilling hole soil. Every year after fruit picking, pruning and weeding should be combined with sufficient base fertilizer, and 8~10 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied to each plant. Passion flower topdressing is generally carried out after planting and survival, once a month, first light and then thick, and it is better to apply thin fecal water.

3, lead vine: passion flower young trees grow to 40~50 cm, to set up pillars in time, traction young vines on the shelves. When the sapling main vine grows to 70~80 cm, leave 2 branches of lateral vine, which are respectively dragged on the upper shelf and used as the first layer of main vine. When the plant grows to 150~160 cm, leave a strong lateral branch, and the main vine extension branch at the same time as the two-layer main branch, respectively pulled to the opposite direction on the shelf, forming a double-layer four-branch vine shaping.

4. Flowering: Passiflora flower bud belongs to the differentiation type of that year, one side shoots, one side differentiates, only about 30 days from flower bud differentiation to flowering. The cuttings of the new species can bloom in June, and a small number of fruits are listed in August. In the second year, it enters the formal fruiting period. It can bloom many times from March to November every year. Each node on the base of the branch can form one flower. In production, it can form 4~6 normal flowers continuously. After that, it can form normal flowers every 2~3 days.

5. Results: The time required for passionflower fruit ripening varies according to different flowering seasons. Flowers opened in May to June mature 50 to 60 days after flowering, flowers opened in August to September need 70 to 90 days to mature, and flowers opened after October need 100 to 120 days to mature. The self-pollinated fruit setting rate is high. There are mature fruits available for picking from mid-June to early February of the next year, and the most concentrated harvest periods are in early July and late October respectively.

Passion flower cultivation method Passion flower is Passion flower family Passion flower plants, all belong to more than 400 species, mostly native to tropical America, China's origin of 13 species. They like light, warm to humid temperatures, and are not cold-resistant. Fast growth, long flowering period, large flowering, suitable for planting in areas south of 24 degrees north latitude. Although the requirements for soil are not very strict, to obtain a high and stable harvest, it requires a growing environment with loose and fertile soil, rich organic matter, sufficient water and good drainage, and convenient irrigation. In terms of climate adaptability, warm, year-round weather without freezing damage is required. Passion flower is a vine fruit tree. To grow well, bear more fruits and have less diseases and insect pests, it must be cultivated on shelves. At present, passionflower planting generally adopts two kinds of scaffolding and fence frame. Both have advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of scaffolding is that it can shade the ground in dry land, slope and dry season where water is scarce, reduce evaporation, form a small environment with high relative humidity under scaffolding, and make full use of abundant bamboo and wood resources in some areas to reduce the cost of erecting scaffolding. Its shortcomings are thin effective green leaf layer, small fruit capacity, low yield, pruning, pest control and spraying difficulty, in paddy field or passion flower rainy season, orchard humidity is high, easy to induce disease, at the same time when mature more fruits left on the shed surface, did not fall to the ground in time, is not conducive to fruit harvest. The advantages of fence frame are convenient pruning, pest control, artificial pollination, fruit harvesting, thick effective green leaf layer, large fruit capacity, reasonable ventilation and light reception; the disadvantage is that more iron wire frame is needed. At present, according to the principle of high benefit and low cost, it is advocated to use a single fence frame, that is, only one wire is pulled at the top of the fence post, and the main branches of passion flower grow along the wire. The gauge of wire is 8 or 10. If the pillars are dense, such as 1 column pile every other tree, 12 iron wires can be used, the height of the iron wire is 1.8 meters high from the ground, and the column piles or pillars should also be above 1.8 meters high to make full use of space and light energy. The column piles and pillars used for erection can be reinforced concrete column piles, wooden piles or bamboo piles, depending on the actual situation of each orchard. Reinforced concrete piles are durable, but the cost is higher, while wooden piles or bamboo piles cost less and have a shorter service life. The compromise is reinforced concrete column piles with bamboo or wood piles, alternating columns. This allows for a balance between low cost and durability. From the aspects of high and stable yield, convenient cultivation and management and considering the cost of frame construction, it is recommended to adopt single hedge frame for cultivation of passionflower. Passionflower is Passionflower family Passionflower plants, the whole genus has more than 400 species, mostly native to tropical America, China's origin of 13 species. They like light, warm to humid temperatures, and are not cold-resistant. Fast growth, long flowering period, large flowering, suitable for planting in areas south of 24 degrees north latitude. Although the requirements for soil are not very strict, to obtain a high and stable harvest, it requires a growing environment with loose and fertile soil, rich organic matter, sufficient water and good drainage, and convenient irrigation. In terms of climate adaptability, warm, year-round weather without freezing damage is required. Passion flower is a vine fruit tree. To grow well, bear more fruits and have less diseases and insect pests, it must be cultivated on shelves. At present, passionflower planting generally adopts two kinds of scaffolding and fence frame. Both have advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of scaffolding is that it can shade the ground in dry land, slope and dry season where water is scarce, reduce evaporation, form a small environment with high relative humidity under scaffolding, and make full use of abundant bamboo and wood resources in some areas to reduce the cost of erecting scaffolding. Its shortcomings are thin effective green leaf layer, small fruit capacity, low yield, pruning, pest control and spraying difficulty, in paddy field or passion flower rainy season, orchard humidity is high, easy to induce disease, at the same time when mature more fruits left on the shed surface, did not fall to the ground in time, is not conducive to fruit harvest. The advantages of fence frame are convenient pruning, pest control, artificial pollination, fruit harvesting, thick effective green leaf layer, large fruit capacity, reasonable ventilation and light reception; the disadvantage is that more iron wire frame is needed. At present, according to the principle of high benefit and low cost, it is advocated to use a single fence frame, that is, only one wire is pulled at the top of the fence post, and the main branches of passion flower grow along the wire. The gauge of wire is 8 or 10. If the pillars are dense, such as 1 column pile every other tree, 12 iron wires can be used, the height of the iron wire is 1.8 meters high from the ground, and the column piles or pillars should also be above 1.8 meters high to make full use of space and light energy. The column piles and pillars used for erection can be reinforced concrete column piles, wooden piles or bamboo piles, depending on the actual situation of each orchard. Reinforced concrete piles are durable, but the cost is higher, while wooden piles or bamboo piles cost less and have a shorter service life. The compromise is reinforced concrete column piles with bamboo or wood piles, alternating columns. This allows for a balance between low cost and durability. From the aspects of high and stable yield, convenient cultivation and management and considering the cost of frame construction, it is recommended to adopt single hedge frame for cultivation of passionflower. Through the simple introduction of drunken flower network, I hope everyone can harvest! Thank you for your support and attention!