Culture technique of small tail Han Sheep

Small-tailed Han sheep have the advantages of precocious, multiple births, multiple lambs, fast growth, large physique, high meat yield, good fur, stable heredity and strong adaptability. It can be fattened at the age of 4 months, with an annual fattening rate of more than 400%; it can be conceived at the age of 6 months, with 2 births a year, sometimes as high as 8; the average lambing rate per birth is more than 266%, more than 500% per year; the body weight can reach 50 kg at the age of 6 months, 100 kg at the age of one year, and 130 kg to 190 kg for adult sheep.

In the world sheep breed, small-tailed Han sheep has high yield, large size and good benefit, so it is designated as a famous animal breed by the country, and it is praised as China's "national treasure", the world's "super sheep" and "high-legged sheep". It eats grass and straw, presents "delicious" and "beautiful" to mankind, and gives "gold" and "silver" to farmers. It is not only one of the best projects for farmers to shake off poverty and become well-off, but also the safest project for the government to help the poor, and it is also an important measure for the country to close mountains and return farmland, recommend raising sheep and build ecological agriculture. Therefore, in recent years, all parts of the country have made great efforts to develop small-tailed Han sheep, and its number has reached more than 2 million.

Common Feed of small tail Han Sheep

Green feed: green feeding corn, sorghum, green feeding barley, oats, ryegrass, awnless brome, alfalfa, sweet clover, purple yunying, etc., can be directly fed, can also be prepared into hay or made into silage.

Roughage: hay, straw (corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, grain straw, bean straw, etc.), blighted shell (pod, grain husk, cottonseed shell, etc.).

Silage: green cut corn with ears, green corn straw, all kinds of grass.

The main points of silage raw materials: 7-8 cm is suitable for thin-stem forage, and the thicker straw such as corn had better not exceed 1 cm.

Basic requirements of sheep barn construction

1. The ground. It should be dry, smooth and easy to clean. Generally use clay ground, easy to replace the table, but easy to damp, not easy to disinfect; indoor ground requirements are slightly higher than outdoor ground to prevent Rain Water backflow.

2. Walls. Masonry walls or earthen walls can be used according to local conditions and economic conditions. The height is generally 2MUR 3m, which is lower in cold areas and higher in areas with high temperatures.

3. Doors and windows. Generally, the door is about 1.5 meters wide and 1.8 meters high, and the area of the window is generally larger (the lambing room can be smaller) to facilitate ventilation. The specific area can be determined according to the local climatic conditions, and the windowsill is 1.2m from the ground. The sheep barn should be sheltered from the wind and the sun and close to the water source.

4. Sports ground. A playground should be set up outside the sheep house. The height of the fence is 1.2mi 1.5 m, which is 2.5 times the area of the sheephouse. The terrain should be slightly inclined to the south, with sandy soil that is easy to drain.

5. The area of the sheep house. It depends on the number of sheep. If it is too crowded, the room will be damp, the air will be dirty, and the sheep will be healthy. Therefore, the sheephouse should have sufficient area so that sheep can only move freely. In general, the area of each sheep should not be less than the following: 1.1 m2 for ewe, 6 m2 for breeder ram, 0.7 m2 for ram, 0.7 m2 for ewe at 1 year old, and 0.4m2 for lambs aged 3-6 months.

Feeding and management

1. Measures to improve the survival of lambs. Proper delivery and lambing: when the ewe is close to delivery, it is swollen and squeezed into a small amount of yellow colostrum by hand, especially 2-3 days before delivery, vaginal swelling and redness, and sometimes thick mucus. The sinking of the cranium is more obvious, especially 2-3 hours before labor. Difficult to move, urinate more than half times, docile, restless, sometimes look back on the abdomen, often lying in the corner, four feet straight, grazing often fall behind or leave the team to rest. Sometimes four feet dig the ground, showing restlessness, loss of energy, loss of appetite, and even stop regurgitating cud, singing from time to time. At this time, the midwife should observe the ewe at any time, if you see the above situation, especially when the nest is sunken, hard and the amniotic membrane is exposed, you should immediately send the ewe to the delivery room or a quiet place to prepare for delivery. Normal delivery line sheep, about 10-30 minutes after the rupture of the amniotic membrane, the lamb has been born, the normal fetal position of the lamb is born, generally two forelimbs and head out of a small number of hindlimbs first, then it is best to immediately artificial midwifery, in order to prevent fetal asphyxia death.

After giving birth, the mucus in the mouth, nose and ears of the lamb should be extracted quickly to avoid dyspnea, asphyxiation and death, or foreign body pneumonia caused by inhalation of trachea. The mucus on the lamb must be licked clean by the ew. if the ewe has a weak love for the lamb, the fetal mucus can be applied to the ewe's mouth to induce it to eat. If the weather is cold, dry the lamb quickly with a clean cloth or hay to avoid catching cold. Sometimes there is a false death after the lamb is born, the lamb can be immersed in about 40 ℃ of warm water, artificial respiration can be carried out at the same time, patting both sides of the chest, or blowing air into the nostrils to revive it. The umbilical cord of the lamb was naturally broken after birth, and the end of the umbilical cord was disinfected with 5% sulfonate tincture. If the umbilical cord is not broken, you can point to both sides of the umbilical cord with your hand to remove the blood and wring it, or cut the umbilical cord with scissors and disinfect it with 5% sulfonate tincture in a medium-thin part about 10 cm from the base of the umbilical cord. Ligating the umbilical cord will affect the discharge of exudate and easily cause umbilical cord inflammation.

After delivery, if you find that the hair around and the inside of the thigh has not been cut, it should be cut off in time. Then wash with mild disinfectant, dry and squeeze the first few drops of colostrum to assist the lamb to breast-feed, and then weigh the lamb. After giving birth, the lambs and ewes are moved into the mother's pen and raised separately from the other sheep.

2. Eat enough colostrum as soon as possible. After the lamb is born, the ewe licks the mucus dry, and when the lamb can stand by itself, it should be artificially assisted to eat colostrum.

3. Do a good job in the sanitation of shed. Where the sheep house is too narrow, dirty, rotten, dark and humid, muggy, poor ventilation, can cause a large number of lamb disease. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in shed hygiene and disinfection of the surrounding environment and appliances.

4. Strengthen supplementary feeding for suckling lambs: this is extremely important for small-tailed Han sheep with multiple births. There is generally no supplementary feeding for single lambs. For those with 2-3 lambs or more than four lambs, we must pay attention to strengthening supplementary feeding. When breast-deficient lambs are artificially fed with milk or other goat milk, the temperature, feeding quantity, time and sanitary conditions should be strictly controlled. It should be noted that newborn lambs should not be fed with cornpaste or Millet Congee.

Matters needing attention

1. Pay attention to the quality of breeding sheep. Although some farmers are located in producing areas, the small-tailed Han sheep are also authentic, but lack of scientific knowledge of raising sheep, long-term inbreeding leads to breed degradation, gradually forming degraded groups, or more primitive groups. Although there is no significant difference in appearance between small-tailed Han sheep and small-tailed Han sheep, they have slow growth, small size, short legs and few lambs, while the optimized fine-bred small-tailed Han sheep have fast growth, large body size, more lambs and good meat quality. Therefore, in the purchase of seeds, there must be formal seedling management license for the purchase of units.

2. Pay attention to the true and false. Small-tailed Han sheep is famous at home and abroad for its good performance, many lambs, fast growth, large size and good meat quality. it is popular in the efficient breeding market, and has rapidly attracted a large number of people of insight to compete for introduction and development. However, it is hard to avoid mud and sand in the development, and a small number of swindlers are also mixed among them. They pretended to be true, so that buyers who were eager to get rich but could not tell the true from the false were deceived, resulting in economic losses. Mainly pay attention to the difference between Shaanxi "Tongyang", "Hetian Sheep", "Hu Sheep" and small-tailed Han Sheep. Small-tailed Han Sheep has high legs, a large one, a straight waist, a white coat and a round and small tail.

3. Pay attention to the advantages and disadvantages. Some lawbreakers do whatever it takes to make money, for example, they pull out the middle two incisors of the old small-tailed Han sheep that have lost their production capacity, and then falsely claim that they are young sheep who have just changed their teeth, pretending that they are old and deceiving buyers.

4. Pay attention to the characteristics of Han sheep. The central producing area of small-tailed Han sheep is located in the alluvial plain of the Yellow River, which is suitable for house feeding and semi-house feeding.

5. pay attention to the market. Small-tailed Han sheep have narrow body, underdeveloped forechest, non-fullness of hindquarters and insufficient opening of ribs, which affect their meat production performance. in addition, there is a lack of understanding of Han sheep in some areas, which leads to the market is not easy or the price is on the low side, affecting economic benefits.