Hatching Technology of Meat Pigeon

In meat pigeon breeding, there are two ways of hatching young pigeons, one is natural hatching, the other is artificial hatching, below we respectively make a brief description of these two hatching methods.

Natural hatching

After the pigeons are paired, they then breed, and the female pigeons crouch in the nest basin for a long time. When the second egg is laid, the parent pigeon begins to hatch. In the process of holding eggs of parent pigeons, the following management work should be paid attention to and carried out:

Keep the environment quiet, avoid external interference and stress factors, and give pigeon cages proper shading if necessary to promote parent pigeons to concentrate on hatching their eggs.

2, the nest cushion material had better be double-layer old linen cloth, linen underlying grain husk or sawdust or dry fine sand, the dry fine sand is more ideal, and the thickness in the nest basin is 2-3 cm. The breeder should check the situation of laying and hatching eggs every day, and pick it up in time once the damage is found.

3. Improve the feed nutrition level during the egg holding period, ensure that the crude protein content reaches 18-20%, and the energy level is also increased accordingly. So that the parent pigeon has a strong physique, laying a good foundation for feeding squab. It is necessary to prevent the eggshell station from polluting the feces, as germs may invade the eggs and cause the embryo to die. If the feces have been stained, they can be cleaned with gauze.

4. Taking care of the eggs is a necessary work. The eggs were illuminated once on the 5th day and 10th day of incubation. When the egg is illuminated for the first time, it is found that there are reddish-brown, spider-web-like blood vessels in the egg, and the fertilized egg is stable in shape, and let it continue to hatch. if there is a thick line of blood vessels in the egg, it is a "U" shape, then it is a dead sperm egg; if it is transparent and without blood vessels, it is an azoospermic egg, and the dead spermed egg and the sperless egg should be picked up. The egg was illuminated for the second time on the 10th day of hatching. if it was found that most of the area of the egg was black, and a bright blank area was formed at the other end due to the enlargement of the air chamber, it indicated that the embryo was developing healthily; if there was no clear distinction between black and white in the egg and the material in the egg was unstable, there was a sense of fluctuation when turning the egg, and the eggshell was gray, that is, it was a dead egg and should be eliminated in time.

5. Do a good job of merging eggs in time, because merging eggs is one of the effective measures to improve the fecundity of meat pigeons. After taking out the azygote eggs, dead sperm eggs and dead embryo eggs, merge them into a litter according to each litter, and put the remaining eggs into other nests with the same or 1 day difference in incubation period. It would be better to nest after 10 days. If the pigeons were nestled together 10 days ago, the pigeons in the empty nests could lay eggs in about 8 days. Early laying would affect the recovery of pigeons' physical strength. The next litter may not have strong vitality, or there may be no sperm eggs, dead sperm eggs, dead embryo eggs, and so on.

6. It is very important to know the date of coming out of the shell. When shining for the second time 7-8 days after the egg, pay attention to observe the shell condition of squab. If it is really difficult to get out of the shell, manual help is needed. Generally hatching has reached 18 days, the shell surface only pecked through a small hole, the need for manual assistance shelling. The incubation period has been more than 18 days, and the embryo may have died without pecking at the shell.

7. The hatching temperature of pigeons is very important and should be kept at a suitable temperature. In winter, the temperature in the room should be kept above 5 ℃ at least. If the temperature is too low, it should be heated in the room, otherwise it is easy to freeze to death in the early stage of hatching. In the hot summer, it is necessary to reduce the bedding properly, open the doors and windows, turn on the exhaust fan, and keep the room temperature below 32 ℃, otherwise it is easy to cause stillbirth in the later stage of incubation.

Artificial incubation

The artificial hatching method can avoid breaking breeding eggs during hatching, prevent pigeon feces pollution, reduce the death of embryos and other unfavorable factors, improve the hatching rate and hatching rate of meat pigeons, shorten the laying cycle of breeding pigeons, accelerate the speed of reproduction and improve the breeding rate. The results showed that the average laying period of natural hatching was 63 days, while that of artificial hatching could be shortened to 50 days. It is estimated that the laying rate of pigeons can be increased by nearly 4 times, and the artificial hatching technology should be popularized and applied in the production of meat pigeons as soon as possible.

1. Preparation before hatching

① incubator: using a small flat incubator and a chicken incubator to replace the egg rack for hatching eggs with the egg rack for hatching pigeon eggs. Do a good job of overhauling, disinfection and temperature testing of the incubator. The incubator should leave the heat source and avoid direct sunlight.

② breeding eggs: eggs should be selected and disinfected. To choose to meet the requirements of the variety, the egg size is moderate, the egg shape is normal, the eggshell thickness is uniform fertilized egg as the egg. The disinfection of breeding eggs is very important, and the hatching rate of sterilized breeding eggs is significantly higher than that of unsterilized breeding eggs. Formaldehyde gas fumigation method was used. Potassium permanganate chocolate and formalin were fumigated at a temperature of 27-30 ℃ for 20 minutes per cubic meter. The human incubator can be moved to hatch.

2. Conditions for hatching: the key to artificial hatching of meat pigeon eggs is to master the conditions of temperature, humidity and turning eggs, so as to create a good environment to meet the growth and development of embryos, so as to improve the hatching performance.

① temperature: temperature is the most important condition in the hatching conditions of meat pigeons. Only at a suitable temperature can normal material metabolism, growth and development of embryos be ensured. The temperature required for embryos varies slightly at different stages of development. The incubation temperature is 1-7 days and 38. 7 ℃, 38 from 8 to 14 days. 3 ℃, 38 ℃ after 14 days. 2. Humidity. The relative humidity during the incubation period was 60-70%. Some suggest that the relative humidity of meat pigeons should reach 80% when they give birth. Generally speaking, the humidity is high before and after hatching and low in the middle stage. This is beneficial to the material metabolism, gas metabolism and water absorption and evaporation of the embryo, as well as the uniform heating of the egg and the breaking of the shell of the embryo.

② egg turning: the function of egg turning is to prevent the embryo from connecting with the shell membrane; to adjust the temperature of the egg so that the embryo is heated evenly; to help the embryo to move and keep the fetal position normal; to increase the contact area of yolk sac and allantoic vessels with yolk and protein, which is conducive to the absorption of nutrients. Generally, people turn eggs twice on the day of hatching, and then turn eggs six times a day until they stop turning eggs 2 days before they come out of the shell.

3. Embryo development inspection: in the process of hatching, whether the embryo development is normal or not should be checked frequently, so that the phenomenon of poor hatching can be found in time, the causes can be found out and improvement measures should be taken. The specific operation refers to the naturally hatched eggs.

4. Hatching: on the 6th day of hatching, transfer the eggs to the hatching machine, and hatch in the hatching machine for 1 or 2 days. The best time before and after hatching is about 24 hours. Chicks that come out too late or too early are not strong. After hatching, the hatching machine should be washed and disinfected for use next time.

5. Incubation record: each hatching should record the hatching date, the number of eggs, the source of breeding eggs, the situation of previous eggs, the batch of human hatching, the results of incubation, the temperature changes during the incubation period, etc., which can be used as a reference for the analysis of hatching results. The record form can be designed by yourself.

After artificial hatching, the hatching does not bear the task of feeding squab, but needs to be reared artificially.