When will strawberries be planted? Growth conditions and planting time of Strawberry

Strawberries are cultivated all over China. Strawberries are generally grown in areas with warm weather and are not resistant to cold. Strawberries are planted in Hebei, Shandong and many southern provinces and cities. Strawberries cover an area of more than 1.5 million mu all over the country. Strawberries are mainly distributed in Sichuan, Hebei, Anhui, Liaoning, Shandong and other places. Let's take a look at when strawberries will be planted.

When will strawberries be planted?

Strawberry, native to South America, is a perennial herb of Rosaceae. Seeds can germinate without obvious dormancy period or sowing at regular intervals. Generally, strawberries are planted in spring or autumn, but strawberries can be planted in all seasons.

When will the strawberries ripen?

Strawberries are widely cultivated all over the world, with more than 2000 varieties. Love light, like moisture, afraid of water stains, not resistant to drought, like fertile and breathable sandy loam. When the temperature rises above 5 degrees in spring, the plants begin to germinate, and the optimum growth temperature is 20-26 degrees. Jiangsu germinates in late February, blossoms in the first and middle of April, and the fruit ripens in the middle and late May. The flower buds differentiate under the condition of temperature below 17 degrees and short daylight of 10 to 12 hours, and there is short dormancy in winter. But strawberries are usually on the market from February to March. In fact, it is the peak season for picking strawberries from December to January every year, but some people say that strawberries are basically ripening during this period, so strawberries really ripen from April to May.

What are the conditions for growing strawberries?

1. Temperature: strawberry likes warm and cool climate, root growth temperature is 5: 30 ℃, optimum temperature is 15: 22 ℃, suitable temperature for stem and leaf growth is 20: 30 ℃, freezing injury occurs in bud at-15 ℃, temperature should be maintained at 5: 15 ℃ during flower bud differentiation and 4: 40 ℃ at flowering and fruiting stage. Shading measures should be taken when the temperature is higher than 30 ℃ and the sunshine is strong.

2. Light: strawberry is a light-loving plant, but it has strong shade tolerance. When the light intensity is strong, the plant is short and strong, the fruit is small, the color is dark and the quality is good. Medium light, large fruit, light color, low sugar content, long harvest time, weak light is disadvantageous to strawberry growth.

3. Moisture: strawberry has shallow root distribution, large transpiration and strict requirements for water, but the requirements for water are slightly different in different growth periods. The moisture required in early spring and flowering is less than 70% of the maximum soil water holding capacity, and the demand for fruit growth and ripening is more than 80%. After harvest, the soil water content for stolon extraction and adventitious root formation is not less than 70%. Autumn is the period of plant nutrition accumulation and flower bud formation, and the soil moisture should not be less than 60%. Strawberries are not resistant to waterlogging, which requires good soil permeability and pay attention to field drainage in rainy season.

4. Soil: strawberries should grow in fertile, loose neutral or slightly acidic loam, too clayey soil is not suitable for cultivation, sandy soil more stable fertilizer, frequent irrigation, can also grow strawberries.

When will strawberries be planted? Planting time and method of strawberry

Strawberry planting time

Strawberry planting is suitable for January or September-December.

Little knowledge of strawberry planting

I. pre-winter management

1. Frequent application of thin fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer or urea 5kg / mu was applied in the middle of October to promote root growth, increase the number of flowers in the top inflorescence and enhance the overwintering ability of the plant. The second time is from mid-November to early December, the amount of fertilizer application should be small, each time nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer or urea 7 kg per mu.

two。 Keep moist: buckle film insulation from late September to early October. In addition to the double covering of greenhouse and small arch shed, leaf cover and other heat preservation measures can also be adopted.

3. Weeding and loosening the soil to pick old and diseased leaves.

II. Management before and after flowering

The flowering and fruit setting period of strawberry is mainly controlled at 20 ℃ ~ 28 ℃. Special attention should be paid to prevent frost injury at flowering stage and no low temperature below 5 ℃. Spray "new high fat membrane" emulsion 800 times, every 10 days or so, a total of 2 times. Anti-freezing, anti-cold, protect flowers and fruits.

Before flowering, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage, "vegetable fruit Zhuangtiling" 0.3% Mel 0.5% urea plus 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed, and 0.1-0.2 kg of urea was applied to the plant to supplement the nutrients needed for fruit growth and improve the filling quality.

Strawberry fruit is tender and has a long flowering period, so special emphasis should be placed on the use of integrated pest control measures. There is no chemical control in flowering and fruit setting period and fruit development period. Prevention and treatment of Botrytis cinerea and bud blight are mainly used before flowering, such as Sukeling, methyl topiramate or Ruiduromyces, etc.

III. Overwintering management

Strawberry is a perennial plant, and the key period of its high yield management is in winter. The key to winter management is to do a good job of "three defenses", that is, cold prevention, drought prevention and early flowering prevention.

Before the cold winter comes, water should be poured thoroughly to protect against the cold.

When will strawberries be planted? Planting time and method of Strawberry

Strawberry is a perennial herb of Rosaceae, which is one of the favorite fruits. Strawberry, with its unique flavor and rich nutrition, is known as "fruit queen". It is deeply welcomed by the market and has high planting value. So, when will strawberries be planted? The planting time and methods of strawberries are introduced as follows.

Picture: strawberry planting

1. Planting time of strawberries

Strawberry, native to South America, is a perennial herb of Rosaceae. Seeds can germinate without obvious dormancy period or sowing at regular intervals. Generally, strawberries are planted in spring or autumn, but strawberries can be planted in all seasons.

2. Planting methods of strawberries

1. Land selection and land preparation: strawberry orchards should have sufficient light, slightly higher terrain, flat ground, convenient irrigation and drainage, fertile and loose soil, legumes or onion and garlic vegetable fields for the previous crops, and weeds and underground pests should be eliminated first in the garden. It can be sprayed with 1000 times of phoxim EC (5-6 cm wet soil layer) to control grubs, mole crickets and ground tigers. One week later, 5000 kg of high-quality rotten farm manure, 100kg of superphosphate and 50kg of potassium chloride were applied per mu. Combined with deep turning over the garden, fine ground preparation is made into a border surface with a height of 20 cm and a width of 50 cm, and the furrow is 30 cm wide. The length of the greenhouse is limited to 20 meters and there are 4 beds in it.

Picture: strawberry

two。 Transplanting technology: in order to get strawberries on the market from the end of January to the beginning of February, the time for strawberry seedlings in breeding nursery to transplant on the border of greenhouse should be in early September. To follow the seedlings, with transplanting, each row planting 2 rows, row spacing 27 cm, hole spacing 20 cm, 12000 plants per mu. When planting, the inflorescence of the same row of plants is in the same direction, so that the back of the strawberry seedling bow faces the predetermined growth direction of the inflorescence, the seedling center is exposed, the root system is flat and buried in the loose soil layer, the planting water is irrigated in time, and the exposed root is buried in the soil layer.

3. Intermediate ploughing and fertilization: ploughing loosens the soil, which is conducive to the decomposition of organic matter. Shallow ploughing should be done 3 times from November to December. Topdressing once at the early flowering stage and at the early fruit setting stage. Apply urea 10 kg per mu, phosphate fertilizer 20 kg, potassium chloride 10 kg, or ternary compound fertilizer 35 kg.

4. Management in the early stage of flower bud differentiation: strawberry seedlings transplanted in early September should be covered with shading net in addition to replenishing water in time. The net is 1.2 meters above the ground, which is convenient for personnel to operate. It is necessary to remove withered leaves, old leaves, axillary buds and stolons in time, and keep 5-6 leaves. Flower bud differentiation needs lower temperature and short sunshine, which can be covered with grass curtains on the sunshade net. Through the operation process of uncovering and covering the grass, the conditions of short sunshine and lower temperature were artificially created to promote the differentiation of apical inflorescence and axillary inflorescence for more than a month.

Picture: strawberry

5. Irrigation and drainage method: at the initial stage of flowering and berry growth, irrigate once respectively. It is appropriate to use furrow irrigation, so that the water irrigation to the ditch height of 2 prime 3 is better, let the water gradually seep into the border soil, and the remaining water in the ditch is discharged. If there is a drought, it should be irrigated once every 5-7 days. A section of metal pipe is put on the front end of the rubber tube for hole irrigation, which not only saves water, but also keeps the border soil loose. When it is rainy in autumn, it should be drained in time. Drainage ditches should be made early around the strawberry orchard so that the furrow water in the shed can be drained.

6. Cover with plastic film: from October to early November, it is the end of strawberry inflorescence differentiation, and the sunshade net can be removed. In Jiangzhun area, "the Beginning of Winter" is covered with plastic film behind, and the plastic film in front of "heavy snow" is covered with plastic film to keep the temperature in the shed at 28-30 ℃. In the "warm winter" year, the plastic film in the middle shed was added in the "the Winter Solstice" season. The "cold winter" year should be covered with large and medium shed plastic film at the same time. In short, during the season from "Lesser Cold" to "Greater Cold", the temperature in the shed should be kept above 25 ℃, or at least 23 ℃. Only by meeting the above temperature can strawberries grow normally.

7. Ventilation operation: the soil moisture for the growth of strawberry seedlings should be 70% and 80%. The humidity of the air in the shed should be 60%, 70%, and 70%. Therefore, when the temperature in the shed exceeds 30 ℃, it should be ventilated. The plastic film at both ends of the greenhouse and the middle greenhouse should be opened for ventilation from 10:00 to 3 pm from November to December. When the humidity in the shed exceeds 70%, it should also be ventilated to reduce the humidity of the air in the shed. Keeping bees in the flowering shed, nylon wire mesh can be made at both ends of the large and medium shed to facilitate smooth ventilation. Another function of greenhouse ventilation is to control strawberry powdery mildew.

Picture: strawberry planting

8. Harvest: strawberry seedlings blossom, set fruit to berry coloring, soften, release unique fragrance, about 30 days. Strawberries should be harvested and listed in batches after they are ripe. The average yield of strawberries is 1500 kg per mu.

[conclusion] Strawberries like warm and cool climate, shallow root distribution, large transpiration, strict requirements for water, avoid waterlogging, need to pay special attention in the process of planting. The above introduces the planting time and methods of strawberries. I hope it can be helpful to you!