How do strawberries propagate? Cultivation techniques of Strawberry seedlings and key points of Nursery Management

Strawberry is a perennial herb of the genus strawberry in Rosaceae. There are two methods of reproduction: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. In order to avoid the separation of sexual reproduction and affect the yield and quality, asexual reproduction is generally used in production, that is, stolon reproduction. Let's take a look at strawberry seedling cultivation techniques.

Prepare the mother plant

After the breeding varieties of strawberries were determined, stolon seedlings with strong growth and free of diseases and insect pests were selected as the mother plant for propagation. After the fruit picking and transplanting in the field, the mother plant was planted in the open field to survive the winter. The pseudo-planting density should be 20 cm × 20 cm, or 23 cm × 23 cm, with 10,000 plants per mu. According to the number of seedlings raised in the following year, the number of mother plants should be determined. Generally, 400 mother plants can be cultivated in the second year, and 1 mu of strawberry seedlings can be cultivated. In autumn, 40,000-60,000 stolon seedlings can be produced for 8 mu of field seedlings.

Nursery soil preparation

The nursery should choose plots with fertile soil, not easy to consolidate and convenient for drainage and irrigation. Using young orchards with irrigation facilities as harvest nurseries can not only make full use of land, but also make use of fruit trees to shade and reduce the effect of high temperature in summer. After selecting the nursery, spread 30 piculs of fully mature barnyard manure per mu, ploughing and turning to make a bed in spring, with a width of 3 meters. Before planting, urea 2.5kg / mu, potassium chloride 3.5kg / mu and calcium superphosphate 5kg / mu were mixed and mixed well with fertilizer and soil.

Planting time

When the temperature stabilizes at 15 ℃ in spring, it can be planted in time, usually in the middle or late April, and strive for the colonization results by the end of April. When planting, one row was planted on each side of the 3-meter-wide border, the plant spacing was 80 cm, and more than 400 plants were planted per mu. The planting of the mother plant must be moderate in depth and strictly prevent the soil from burying heart leaves and roots exposed by drought. At the same time, it is necessary to bend the protruding side of the rhizome to the inside of the border, because the protruding surface is the place where the stolon is produced, which is beneficial to the growth and finishing of the stolon.

Nursery management

After the mother plant was planted, it was watered thoroughly with root water, and then watered once a day according to the weather conditions within 4-6 days. Check the seedlings in time after survival, and remedy the mother plants that are too deep and shallow. Strawberry seedlings during the emergence of high temperature and drought, we should pay special attention to water management, take multiple furrow irrigation, often keep the soil moist. After planting, it takes more than 5 months for the stolon to cover the whole field, and the seedlings should be replenished in time when the gap area of the nursery is large. During the breeding season of weeds in summer and autumn, the often watered soil is easy to harden, which is not conducive to the roots of stolon seedlings, so weeding should be ploughed and weeded to keep the border surface loose and weed-free. In addition, the inflorescence of the mother plant should be removed in time in early spring, and the stolons should be arranged regularly after they are produced, so that the stolons are evenly distributed and do not overlap with each other, supplemented by artificial pressure to ensure that the seedlings are strong. Strawberry seedlings generally do not apply topdressing, such as insufficient base fertilizer, thin plant growth, yellow leaves, few stolons, combined irrigation, 3 kilograms of human feces and urine per mu, 1 load of water and 1 load of water for 2 times.

Pest control

There are ground tigers or grubs harmful to strawberries from planting to the early growth stage. Check frequently in the early morning and find that missing leaves and dead seedlings can be dug and eliminated near the plant or sprinkled with 1.5% organophosphorus powder 2.5 kg mixed with fine soil 1520 kg per mu. During the growth period, 2000 times omethoate or dichlorvos EC 1000-1500 times solution can be used to control aphids. The main diseases of strawberries are gray mold and root rot. Old leaves, withered leaves and diseased leaves are often removed. 50% methyl topiramate 1000-15000 times or equivalent 250 times Bordeaux solution can be sprayed twice.

How do strawberries propagate? Seedling cultivation techniques of Strawberry

[FAQ] how do strawberries propagate?

[expert answer] Strawberry is one of the common fruits in household life, which is favored by consumers. Strawberry planting has the characteristics of strong adaptability, short growth cycle, early fruit, quick effect and so on. In order to avoid the separation of sexual reproduction and affect the yield and quality, asexual reproduction is generally used in production, that is, stolon reproduction. The seedling cultivation techniques of strawberry are introduced as follows:

Picture: seedling cultivation techniques of strawberry

First, prepare the mother plant

After the breeding varieties of strawberries were determined, stolon seedlings with strong growth and free of diseases and insect pests were selected as the mother plant for propagation. After the fruit picking and transplanting in the field, the mother plant was planted in the open field to survive the winter. The pseudo-planting density should be 20 cm × 20 cm, or 23 cm × 23 cm, with 10,000 plants per mu. According to the number of seedlings raised in the following year, the number of mother plants should be determined. Generally, 400 mother plants can be cultivated in the second year, and 1 mu of strawberry seedlings can be cultivated. In autumn, 40,000-60,000 stolon seedlings can be produced for 8 mu of field seedlings.

2. Soil preparation of nursery

The nursery should choose plots with fertile soil, not easy to consolidate and convenient for drainage and irrigation. Using young orchards with irrigation facilities as harvest nurseries can not only make full use of land, but also make use of fruit trees to shade and reduce the effect of high temperature in summer. After selecting the nursery, spread 30 piculs of fully mature barnyard manure per mu, ploughing and turning to make a bed in spring, with a width of 3 meters. Before planting, urea 2.5kg / mu, potassium chloride 3.5kg / mu and calcium superphosphate 5kg / mu were mixed and mixed well with fertilizer and soil.

Third, planting time

When the temperature stabilizes at 15 ℃ in spring, it can be planted in time, usually in the middle or late April, and strive for the colonization results by the end of April. When planting, one row was planted on each side of the 3-meter-wide border, the plant spacing was 80 cm, and more than 400 plants were planted per mu. The planting of the mother plant must be moderate in depth and strictly prevent the soil from burying heart leaves and roots exposed by drought. At the same time, it is necessary to bend the protruding side of the rhizome to the inside of the border, because the protruding surface is the place where the stolon is produced, which is beneficial to the growth and finishing of the stolon.

IV. Nursery management

After the mother plant was planted, it was watered thoroughly with root water, and then watered once a day according to the weather conditions within 4-6 days. Check the seedlings in time after survival, and remedy the mother plants that are too deep and shallow. Strawberry seedlings during the emergence of high temperature and drought, we should pay special attention to water management, take multiple furrow irrigation, often keep the soil moist. After planting, it takes more than 5 months for the stolon to cover the whole field, and the seedlings should be replenished in time when the gap area of the nursery is large. During the breeding season of weeds in summer and autumn, the often watered soil is easy to harden, which is not conducive to the roots of stolon seedlings, so weeding should be ploughed and weeded to keep the border surface loose and weed-free. In addition, the inflorescence of the mother plant should be removed in time in early spring, and the stolons should be arranged regularly after they are produced, so that the stolons are evenly distributed and do not overlap with each other, supplemented by artificial pressure to ensure that the seedlings are strong. Strawberry seedlings generally do not apply topdressing, such as insufficient base fertilizer, thin plant growth, yellow leaves, few stolons, combined irrigation, 3 kilograms of human feces and urine per mu, 1 load of water and 1 load of water for 2 times.

Picture: seedling cultivation techniques of strawberry

V. Disease and pest control

There are ground tigers or grubs harmful to strawberries from planting to the early growth stage. Check frequently in the early morning and find that missing leaves and dead seedlings can be dug and eliminated near the plant or sprinkled with 1.5% organophosphorus powder 2.5 kg mixed with fine soil 1520 kg per mu. During the growth period, 2000 times omethoate or dichlorvos EC 1000-1500 times solution can be used to control aphids. The main diseases of strawberries are gray mold and root rot. Old leaves, withered leaves and diseased leaves are often removed. 50% methyl topiramate 1000-15000 times or equivalent 250 times Bordeaux solution can be sprayed twice.

[editor's conclusion] mastering the propagation technology of strawberry is the basis for realizing stable and high yield of strawberry planting, which should attract the attention of growers. The above introduced the strawberry seedling cultivation technology, I hope it can be helpful to everyone!

Key techniques of Strawberry cultivation and Management

Strawberry (scientific name: Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) Strawberry perennial herbs of Rosaceae, 10-40 cm high, stems lower than leaves or nearly equal, leaves Ternate, leaflets with short stalks, Obovate or rhomboid, petioles 2-10 cm long, Cymes, 5-15 flowers, aggregate fruits up to 3 cm in diameter, florescence April-May, fruit June-July.

Strawberries are native to South America, are cultivated all over China, and are widely cultivated in Europe and other places.

Strawberry has high nutritional value and is rich in vitamin C. according to traditional Chinese medicine, strawberry tastes sweet and cool, entering the spleen, stomach and lung meridians, moistening the lungs, invigorating the spleen and stomach, diuresis and detumescence, relieving heat and summer heat, suitable for lung heat, cough, loss of appetite, short urination, summer heat, etc.

Shade and cool down. Build a 1-meter-high shade shed on the border and cover it with some firewood and grass; you can also plant some tall crops on the border, but not too dense, so as to avoid poor ventilation and lack of light, affecting the normal growth of strawberries. Ploughing and weeding. First of all, clean up the grass or covered plastic film, remove the sick and weak plants, and then plough and loosen the soil. The depth of intertillage is 50cm~6cm (do not damage the root system of the parent plant). At this time, the weather is hot, the water is suitable, and there are a large number of weeds, and the ploughing and loosening soil should also be used to remove weeds. To remove strawberry yellow leaves, withered leaves, in order to reduce nutrient consumption and water evaporation, promote ventilation and light. Directional pressure vine. During the growth period of strawberry in summer and autumn after fruit picking, the stolon will produce 3-5 times seedlings one after another. In the strawberry nursery used for breeding seedlings, in order to make the secondary seedlings grow into strong seedlings, the stolons should be straightened out and arranged evenly during the seedling period, and the new plants should be slightly pressed with soil to promote the growth of new roots. Combination of irrigation and drainage. Strawberry roots are mostly located in the shallow soil layer, so avoid drought and waterlogging. When the weather is dry, plots with irrigation conditions should be furrow irrigated every 7 to 10 days, and plots without irrigation conditions should be watered and thoroughly watered every morning and evening. After entering the rainy season, we should clean up the ridges and drains, keep the ditches connected and dry at the end of the rain. Open ditches and fertilize. Strawberries entered the second peak of vegetative growth after harvest. Topdressing in this period is beneficial to plant vegetative growth, restore growth potential and increase photosynthetic accumulation in the later stage. Small ditches were opened between the borders and urea l0kg-15kg, calcium superphosphate 15kg-20kg and potassium chloride 7.5kg-10kg were applied per mu. Control diseases and insect pests. During summer and autumn, the biggest threat to strawberries is the grub, which often bites the plant and causes the whole plant to die. It can be irrigated with 800x trichlorfon or 1000 times dichlorvos, or caught in work. Grub adults, beetles, often lay eggs on immature compost piles, and the use of fully mature organic fertilizer can reduce the harm.