Cultivation methods and precautions of potted kumquat

Kumquat, also known as golden jujube, kumquat, small orange, etc., is an evergreen shrub of kumquat in Rutaceae. Potted kumquat has luxuriant branches and evergreen seasons, and it is fragrant when it blossoms, the white flowers are very soft, and the fruit is yellow and red when it is ripe. Whether it is ornamental leaves, flowers and fruits, it is also very common at home. Let's take a look at the cultivation methods of potted kumquat.

Grafting propagation

Potted kumquat is usually propagated by grafting, rootstocks are grafted with Chinese wolfberry, lime or sown seedlings, grafting methods are branch grafting, bud grafting and leaning grafting, branch grafting is carried out from March to April in spring, bud grafting is carried out from June to September, and pot planting is usually carried out from April to July.

Soil allocation

Kumquat likes fertilizer, and cultivation requires fertile, loose, slightly acidic sandy loam with good drainage. When pot cultivation, it is appropriate to choose 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 5 parts of sand soil and 1 part of cake fertilizer. When changing the pot, the hoof or mature cake fertilizer should be applied at the bottom of the pot as the base fertilizer.

Watering management

Kumquat likes to be moist but avoid stagnant water, and the basin soil is easy to rot when it is too wet, so it is better to keep the basin soil moderately moist during growth. Dry and windy in spring, it is necessary to spray water on the leaves once a day to increase air humidity. Spray water 2 or 3 times a day in summer, and spray water to the ground. But avoid spraying water during flowering to prevent rotten flowers and affect the fruit. The stagnant water in the basin should be dumped in time in the rainy season to avoid rotting roots. When you put it outdoors in summer, it is best to use bricks to cushion the flowerpot to facilitate drainage. Kumquat is sensitive to water from white flowering stage to young fruit stage. at this time, the pot soil is too dry, the pedicel and fruit stalk are easy to detach and fall off, excessive watering, poor water permeability of basin soil, and easy to cause flower and fruit drop. At this time, it is appropriate to keep the pot soil in a semi-moisture state that is not dry or wet.

Light management

Kumquat likes a warm and humid climate with plenty of sunshine and should be placed in a sunny place during maintenance. If the light is not enough and the environment is shaded, it will often cause branches and leaves to grow, blossom and bear fruit less. Because kumquat likes cool climate in summer, or summer sunshine intensity is large, it is better to put it slightly in the shade at this time. It is advisable to keep room temperature without icing in winter. If the room temperature is too high and the plant is not fully dormant, it will grow weak in the following year and it is easy to drop flowers and buds.

Temperature management

Kumquat likes a warm and refreshing growth temperature. When the temperature is lower than 10 degrees Celsius in late autumn, it should be moved indoors in time. In winter, the room temperature should be kept at 6 to 12 degrees Celsius. Too low temperature is easy to suffer frost damage, and too high will affect plant dormancy, which is not conducive to flowering and fruiting in the coming year.

adequate manuring

Potted kumquat requires proper management of water and fertilizer. Branches from the beginning of new bud germination to before flowering can be treated with mature shallow sauce and residue water every 7-10 days and poured alum fertilizer water several times. After the beginning of summer, it is appropriate to apply more phosphate fertilizer to facilitate bud pregnancy and fruiting. Results fertilization should be suspended at the initial stage, and liquid fertilizer could be applied once a week until the end of September when the young fruit grew to about 1 cm.

Reasonable pruning

Pruning is an important technical measure to make kumquat blossom multiply and bear fruit. In order to make the tree shape beautiful and fruitful, a re-pruning is carried out before the sap begins to flow every year, cutting off withered branches, disease and insect branches, over-dense branches and overgrown branches, retaining 3-4 first-year robust and well-distributed branches, each branch only leaves 2-3 buds at the base, and the rest can be cut off, so that more than 10 full spring branches can germinate. When the new plant grows slightly to 15-20 cm, the heart is removed to make the plant shape plump, and a quick-acting phosphate fertilizer is applied at this time to promote flower bud differentiation. When blooming, flowers should be thinned properly to save nutrients. After the young fruit is born, when the young fruit grows to about 1 cm, the fruit can be thinned, the sturdy branches leave 2-3 fruits per plant, the weak branches retain one fruit per branch, and the whole plant fruit evenly. Cut off the autumn a little in time, do not make the secondary fruit, in order to achieve the same shape and maturity, and improve the ornamental value.

Pest prevention

Kumquat rarely found pests, only yellow butterfly (citrus butterfly) harm. The yellow Phoenix butterfly adult is 30 mm long, has a wingspan of 100 mm, yellowish green, and has a broad black longitudinal pattern on the back. The front wings are daily, and the rear wings are 6. The egg is round, 1 mm in diameter, yellowish white. The larvae feed on the new leaf buds and eat day and night, which can easily cause the leaves of kumquat to be engraved or gnawed off. The treatment of this pest is spraying 1000 times of 50% fenitrothion or 1000 times of dichlorvos at larval stage and catching insecticidal pupae outside the branches.

How to cultivate potted kumquat in pot culture

Kumquat potted plants have a certain ornamental value, whether they are foliage, flowers or fruit, and they are also common at home. So how to raise small kumquat potted plants? Let's take a look at the cultivation methods of potted kumquat.

How to cultivate small golden orange in pot

1. Flowerpot

Use a flowerpot, the size of the flowerpot according to the size of kumquat seedlings. Do not use plastic flowerpots, because they grow food to avoid plastic pollution.

2. Soil

Kumquat is suitable for growing in fertile, loose and acidic sandy loam. When potted, it is appropriate to use 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 5 parts of sandy soil and 1 part of cake fertilizer. For example, use some bean cake fertilizer to bury the seedlings of fruit trees in the soil. Fruit tree seedlings can be bought at the local flower market or online. After planting, pour enough water and put it in the shade to slow down the seedlings and stabilize the roots.

3. Watering

Kumquat likes to be wet but avoid stagnant water, and the pot soil is easy to rot if the soil is too wet. Therefore, it is better to keep the basin soil moist during the growth period. It is dry and windy in spring. Spray water on the leaves once a day to increase air humidity. Spray water 2 or 3 times a day in summer, and spray water to the ground. But avoid spraying water during flowering to prevent rotten flowers and affect the fruit.

4. Sunshine

Kumquat likes a warm and humid climate with plenty of sunshine and should be placed in a sunny place during maintenance. You can leave it outdoors in winter and summer. However, if the light is not enough and the environment is shaded, it will often cause branches and leaves to grow, blossom and bear fruit less. Because kumquat likes cool climate in summer, or summer sunshine intensity is large, it is better to put it slightly in the shade at this time. It is advisable to keep room temperature without icing in winter. If the room temperature is too high and the plant is not fully dormant, it will grow weak in the following year and it is easy to drop flowers and buds.

5. Temperature

Kumquat likes a warm and refreshing growth temperature. When the temperature is lower than 10 degrees Celsius in late autumn, it should be moved indoors in time. In winter, the room temperature should be kept at 6 to 12 degrees Celsius. Too low temperature is easy to suffer frost damage, and too high will affect plant dormancy, which is not conducive to flowering and fruiting in the coming year. Of course, try not to move around, the fruit will fall because of vibration.

6. Fertilization

Potted kumquat requires proper management of water and fertilizer, applying a quick-acting phosphate fertilizer when the branches grow, such as calcium superphosphate, prevent branches and leaves from growing, promote flower bud differentiation and blossom and bear fruit. Kumquat can blossom and bear fruit many times in July and August, and the fruit of several times can coexist, but in order to keep the high yield of fruit, we should pay attention to the management of fertilizer and water. Apply more phosphate fertilizer after flowering, such as water from fish intestines, water from washing milk bottles, chicken manure and so on.

7. Pruning

Pruning is an important technical measure to make kumquat blossom fruitful. In order to make the tree beautiful and fruitful, cut off some of the old branches before the spring buds germinate, and the strong ones leave 2-3 buds, and each tree leaves 3 pruned one-year-old branches, which is beneficial to the spring shoot germination. When the new buds grow to 15-20 cm, the branches will be plump.

8. Insect pests

The branches and leaves of kumquat are often harmed by shell insects, red spiders and chicken dish larvae, in which the damage is more common, which occurs from April to May, and can be sprayed with 1000 times of acephate, and small hair brushes can also be used to brush off pests.

How to plant kumquat seeds in small pots

Step 1: get the golden orange seeds. The golden orange seed is obtained from the fresh kumquat bought in the market, and you just stay when you eat the orange.

Step 2: keep it clean. The collected golden orange seeds need to be kept clean to remove the pulp adhered to the surface.

Step 3: soak the collected golden orange seeds in clean water and change the water once a day to make the seeds have enough water. You need to soak in the water for about a week. Be sure to change the water every day to keep the seeds clean.

Step 4: after soaking the golden orange seeds for a week, take out the seeds, remove the thin skin from the surface of the orange seeds with tweezers, do not hurt the inside of the orange seeds, and carefully remove the epidermis, which is conducive to the rapid germination and growth of the seeds.

Step 5: after the epidermis is removed, prepare a basin of nutritious soil. I take the soil directly from the vegetable field. Bury the orange seeds about two centimeters under the ground, then water them every day and wait patiently for the seeds to germinate. You'll be able to grow beautiful little bonsai.

How to grow potted kumquat? Culture method of family potted kumquat

[FAQ] how to grow potted kumquat?

Kumquat is an evergreen shrub of the genus kumquat of Rutaceae, with luxuriant branches and evergreen seasons; it is full of fragrance when it blossoms; it is full of branches when the fruit is ripe, and it has a certain ornamental value for foliage, flowers and fruits, which is very suitable for family potted plants. So, how to raise potted kumquat? The breeding methods of family potted kumquat are introduced as follows.

Picture: potted kumquat

I. Graft propagation

Potted kumquat is usually propagated by grafting, rootstocks are grafted with Chinese wolfberry, lime or sown seedlings, grafting methods are branch grafting, bud grafting and leaning grafting, branch grafting is carried out from March to April in spring, bud grafting is carried out from June to September, and pot planting is usually carried out from April to July.

II. Soil allocation

Kumquat likes fertilizer, and cultivation requires fertile, loose, slightly acidic sandy loam with good drainage. When pot cultivation, it is appropriate to choose 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 5 parts of sand soil and 1 part of cake fertilizer. When changing the pot, the hoof or mature cake fertilizer should be applied at the bottom of the pot as the base fertilizer.

III. Watering management

Kumquat likes to be moist but avoid stagnant water, and the basin soil is easy to rot when it is too wet, so it is better to keep the basin soil moderately moist during growth. Dry and windy in spring, it is necessary to spray water on the leaves once a day to increase air humidity. Spray water 2 or 3 times a day in summer, and spray water to the ground. But avoid spraying water during flowering to prevent rotten flowers and affect the fruit. The stagnant water in the basin should be dumped in time in the rainy season to avoid rotting roots. When you put it outdoors in summer, it is best to use bricks to cushion the flowerpot to facilitate drainage. Kumquat is sensitive to water from white flowering stage to young fruit stage. at this time, the pot soil is too dry, the pedicel and fruit stalk are easy to detach and fall off, excessive watering, poor water permeability of basin soil, and easy to cause flower and fruit drop. At this time, it is appropriate to keep the pot soil in a semi-moisture state that is not dry or wet.

IV. Lighting management

Kumquat likes a warm and humid climate with plenty of sunshine and should be placed in a sunny place during maintenance. If the light is not enough and the environment is shaded, it will often cause branches and leaves to grow, blossom and bear fruit less. Because kumquat likes cool climate in summer, or summer sunshine intensity is large, it is better to put it slightly in the shade at this time. It is advisable to keep room temperature without icing in winter. If the room temperature is too high and the plant is not fully dormant, it will grow weak in the following year and it is easy to drop flowers and buds.

Picture: potted kumquat

5. Temperature management

Kumquat likes a warm and refreshing growth temperature. When the temperature is lower than 10 degrees Celsius in late autumn, it should be moved indoors in time. In winter, the room temperature should be kept at 6 to 12 degrees Celsius. Too low temperature is easy to suffer frost damage, and too high will affect plant dormancy, which is not conducive to flowering and fruiting in the coming year.

VI. Rational fertilization

Potted kumquat requires proper management of water and fertilizer. Branches from the beginning of new bud germination to before flowering can be treated with mature shallow sauce and residue water every 7-10 days and poured alum fertilizer water several times. After the beginning of summer, it is appropriate to apply more phosphate fertilizer to facilitate bud pregnancy and fruiting. Results fertilization should be suspended at the initial stage, and liquid fertilizer could be applied once a week until the end of September when the young fruit grew to about 1 cm.

7. Reasonable pruning

Pruning is an important technical measure to make kumquat blossom multiply and bear fruit. In order to make the tree shape beautiful and fruitful, a re-pruning is carried out before the sap begins to flow every year, cutting off withered branches, disease and insect branches, over-dense branches and overgrown branches, retaining 3-4 first-year robust and well-distributed branches, each branch only leaves 2-3 buds at the base, and the rest can be cut off, so that more than 10 full spring branches can germinate. When the new plant grows slightly to 15-20 cm, the heart is removed to make the plant shape plump, and a quick-acting phosphate fertilizer is applied at this time to promote flower bud differentiation. When blooming, flowers should be thinned properly to save nutrients. After the young fruit is born, when the young fruit grows to about 1 cm, the fruit can be thinned, the sturdy branches leave 2-3 fruits per plant, the weak branches retain one fruit per branch, and the whole plant fruit evenly. Cut off the autumn a little in time, do not make the secondary fruit, in order to achieve the same shape and maturity, and improve the ornamental value.

Picture: potted kumquat

VIII. Pest control

Kumquat rarely found pests, only yellow butterfly (citrus butterfly) harm. The yellow Phoenix butterfly adult is 30 mm long, has a wingspan of 100 mm, yellowish green, and has a broad black longitudinal pattern on the back. The front wings are daily, and the rear wings are 6. The egg is round, 1 mm in diameter, yellowish white. The larvae feed on the new leaf buds and eat day and night, which can easily cause the leaves of kumquat to be engraved or gnawed off. The treatment of this pest is spraying 1000 times of 50% fenitrothion or 1000 times of dichlorvos at larval stage and catching insecticidal pupae outside the branches.

[editor's conclusion] potted kumquat in the home can not only green the home, but also have fruit to eat, it can be said to kill many birds with one stone. Above for you to introduce the family potted kumquat culture methods, I hope to be helpful to you!