Planting techniques and key points of cultivation and management of jujube

Red jujube, also known as jujube, jujube, thorn jujube, Guanzao, etc., is a small deciduous tree of Rhamnaceae, originated in China, and is often cultivated in Asia, Europe and America, which is rich in vitamin C and vitamin P. it can be made into candied and preserved jujube, such as honey jujube, red jujube, smoked jujube, black jujube, wine jujube and tooth jujube, and can also be used as jujube paste, jujube noodles, jujube wine, jujube vinegar and so on.

Growth habits of jujube

The jujube tree grows in the mountains, hills or plains below 1700 meters above sea level. It is a temperature-loving fruit tree. The average annual temperature in the producing area is about 15 ℃. The temperature in the budding stage is 13-15 ℃, the temperature in the leaf-spreading stage is 17 ℃, the temperature in the flowering and fruiting stage is 22-25 ℃, and the temperature in the fruit-ripening stage is 18-22 ℃. Jujube has strong tolerance to drought and waterlogging, but it requires higher air humidity at flowering stage, otherwise it is disadvantageous to pollinate and set fruit. In addition, jujube has strong light preference, sensitive to light, strong adaptability to soil, barren and saline-alkali tolerance. But afraid of the wind, so we should pay attention to avoid the tuyere in the process of building the garden.

Propagation methods of jujube

1. Grafting: the main grafting methods are wood bud grafting and branch grafting, and the main technical points of grafting can be summarized as six-character essentials. "fresh", keep the scion fresh and without water loss. "flat", the scion should be cut flat. "accurate", scion and rootstock cambium should be aligned. "tight". Tie it up tightly after it is connected. The operation speed of "fast" is faster. "wet", bury the soil or cover plastic bags to keep humidity after grafting. At the same time, the rootstock nursery was irrigated 5-7 days before grafting to make it easy to peel off.

2. Root cutting: select self-rooted plants of good varieties, dig ditches with a width of less than 30 cm and a depth of about 50 cm around the crown before germination, cut off the roots less than 2 cm in diameter, apply organic fertilizer in the root-cutting ditch, and then backfill. Root tiller seedlings can be sent out in the growing season, and in the following spring, root tiller seedlings are dug out and treated with ABT rooting powder or other hormones to be planted back to the nursery to cultivate strong seedlings.

3. Root insertion: pick roots from strong jujube trees at the end of autumn combined with autumn ploughing, cut and grow 20-30 cm, 1-4 cm in diameter, and store sand in the kiln. The following spring trench seedlings, the root ear to tilt 45 angles into the ditch, exposed to the ground 2 cm, immediately watered after insertion. The root and ear is treated with rooting hormone and covered with plastic film, the effect is better.

4. Cuttage: wet the sand bed before cutting. the wetting standard is that the sand bed does not collapse after drilling holes in the sand bed. When cutting, the cuttings are punched with a small wooden stick and the cuttings are dipped in pulp at the same time. The diameter of the small hole is larger than the diameter of the cuttings after dipping, so as to prevent the medicine from being squeezed out by the hole wall and reduce the medicinal properties. Cutting depth is about 3 cm, too deep can easily cause base rot, too shallow, cuttings dumping and root exposure after rooting, cuttings should be squeezed tightly after cutting, so that river sand and cuttings are closely combined.

Planting techniques of jujube

The main results are as follows: 1. Garden selection: jujube has strong adaptability and lax requirements on soil conditions, so wasteland and saline-alkali land can be fully utilized for cultivation. However, in order to achieve higher economic benefits and produce high-quality and pollution-free products, we should try our best to choose the environment such as air, water source and soil without pollution, flat and open terrain, good drainage conditions, strong soil permeability and good aeration performance. the groundwater level is higher and the garden land with fertile soil is better. When planting jujube trees in mountainous and hilly areas, sunny slopes with deep soil layers should be selected, while shady slopes should not be planted.

2. Planting varieties: there are many varieties of jujube, and a high-quality variety must have good tree potential, strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, crack resistance, good fruit shape, good fruit color, high nutrient content and good taste. At present, the excellent varieties used for drying are Jinsifeng, Jinsi honey, seedless red, seedless No. 1, seedless No. 3, Zanhuang jujube and so on. Among the precocious varieties, the excellent varieties used for fresh food are Zaocuiwang, Jingwei fresh jujube, early maturing pear jujube and so on, and the excellent varieties used for processing are pear jujube, Zanhuang jujube and so on. Late-maturing varieties are mainly used for fresh food, high-quality varieties are Jingwei Daxue jujube, winter jujube and so on. New and special varieties, there are fruit shape peculiar Mopan jujube, gourd jujube, tree-shaped peculiar feili red, Longxu jujube and so on.

3. Cultivation mode: first, dwarfing and dense planting, which is mainly suitable for varieties with early fruit and small tree type, and the suitable row spacing is 2 m × 3 m or 3 m × 2 m. The second is intercropping cultivation, which is mainly suitable for varieties with medium or large tree type and late fruit, with row spacing of 8m to 10m. The distance between plants is 3 to 5 meters. Other crops can be planted among trees in the early stage.

4. Cultivation time: jujube can be cultivated in the whole dormancy period from defoliation to germination in the next year, which can be divided into spring planting and autumn planting. According to years of cultivation experience, if 2-year-old and more than 2-year-old root tiller seedlings are planted and immediately watered in spring, the survival rate can easily reach more than 90%, while the survival rate of autumn planting can hardly reach more than 90% even after planting. However, the survival rate of autumn planting can reach more than 70% even without watering, while the survival rate of spring planting without watering is obviously lower than that of autumn planting.

Pruning techniques of jujube trees

The main results are as follows: 1. Jujube pruning is suitable for winter. Jujube is dormant in winter, and there are many dead branches on the tree that are not suitable for existence. If it is not cut off in time, it will be very disadvantageous to the growth of jujube in the coming year. When the jujube is pruned in winter, the response of the jujube is slow, so the pruning activity will not have much effect on it, and at the same time it can stimulate the growth of the jujube in the second year. Secondly, jujube pruning can be carried out in summer, and jujube branches grow very vigorously in summer. in order to avoid the consumption of nutrients caused by excessive branch growth, jujube branches must be cut off. only in this way can the high yield of jujube be guaranteed.

2. Jujube pruning technology needs to follow some basic choices, such as the principle of "promoting forward and backward control, blocking and putting down". Specifically, it probably means that jujube trees should not be pruned as far as possible in the early growth stage, that is, 1 ~ 2 years. But when the jujube tree crown reaches the height we want, we should carry out pruning control, that is, blocking the upward growth of jujube trees and properly guiding them to develop horizontally.

3. There are many kinds of pruning methods for jujube trees, and the methods used for different pruning purposes are also different. The common pruning methods of jujube trees are supporting branches, pulling branches, ring cutting, binding, wiping buds, heart picking, bending, twisting and so on, each method or means is to achieve a certain purpose. Jujube pruning technology is a more professional technology, we only know some theories is not enough, we must also have some practical experience. The specific situation of each jujube tree will be different, and the methods we use are different. If we want to learn the technique of jujube tree pruning, we should fully combine the theoretical knowledge of books with our practical operation.

Jujube planting management

1. Fertilizer and water management: according to rainfall, water can be irrigated once in mid-May, early June and late June to ensure that the seedlings are not dry. After the slow seedling stage in late July, 150 grams of urea is applied to each plant. In addition, after the seedlings germinated and spread their leaves, 0.4% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate were sprayed on the leaves every 10 to 15 days.

2. Pest control: that is, spraying 2000 times of monocrotophos or 50% Apollo plus 50% methamidophos mixture in late May and early and mid-June can effectively control pests such as red spiders, bugs, jujube leaf ticks and so on.

3. Check the replanting: after the seedlings germinate and spread their leaves, investigate the survival of the seedlings, and replant the seedlings with soil before sprouting in autumn or the next year according to the situation of dead or missing plants. In addition, in the year when jujube seedlings were planted, there sometimes appeared the phenomenon of false death without germination. the branches of the false dead plants were soft and the skin was green and bright, so the fake dead seedlings should be watered and ploughed to promote their germination and growth as soon as possible.

4. Flower and fruit protection: if you want to make the jujube bear fruit early and bear more fruit, one is to pick the heart and top during the flowering period of the jujube tree to reduce the consumption of nutrients. The second is to spray 10-15 mg / kg gibberellin or jujube Huabao solution at flowering stage. Carefully spray 50 mg / kg naphthylacetic acid or 10 mg / kg anti-falling hormone solution 2 times 3 times 4-5 weeks before fruit ripening (white ripening period), and spray once every 10-15 days.

Control of diseases and insect pests in jujube

1. Jujube mad disease

Jujube mad disease is a destructive disease of jujube. After the jujube tree was infected, the whole plant showed abnormal growth state, such as changing flowers and leaves, clustered branches and leaves, yellowing of tender leaves, spoon-shaped curl, tufted roots and tillers, and so on. The young trees will die after 1 ~ 2 years, and the big trees will wither and die gradually in 3 ~ 6 years. The disease is mainly transmitted by grafting or piercing by leafhopper pests in the field.

[prevention and treatment] ① eradicated diseased plants and diseased roots and tillers, and eradicated the source of infection. ② selected disease-free scion and grafted to breed seedlings. ③ selects varieties with strong disease resistance, strengthens cultivation management, and promotes the healthy growth of trees. ④ control vector pests, spray 20% pyrethrin 3000 times or 10% imidacloprid 3000 times.

2. Jujube inchworm

[harm] the larva harms the tender buds, leaves and flower buds, and one generation occurs every year. The pupa overwinters in the soil 10-15 cm deep around the canopy, Eclosion into adults in late March of the following year, larvae hatch to trees from mid-late April to mid-May, and from late May to mid-June, they begin to enter the soil and pupate over the summer and overwinter.

[control] ① combined with deep ploughing soil in winter to pick and kill overwintering pupae. In early March, ② tied a film about 10 cm wide at the base of the trunk 20 cm above the ground to prevent female adults from spawning. Every morning and evening, they artificially killed adults under the tree, or sprayed pyrethroid pesticides around the trunk to kill hatched larvae. 25% diflubenzuron 2000 times solution was sprayed on ③ trees.

3. Jujube armyworm

[harm] the larvae are harmful to leaves, flowers and fruits, and the larvae often affix leaf curls and eat flesh from the stalk into the fruit. The insect has three generations a year, and the pupa overwinters as cocoons under the old warped skin and crevices, and the emergence begins in late March of the following year. The first generation larvae occur in early May, the second generation larvae occur from late June to early July, and the third generation occurs in the first and middle of August.

[control] ① did a good job in the control of the first generation of larvae, that is, when the tender shoot of jujube tree grew to about 3 cm, the effect was better by using 1000 times solution of 90% trichlorfon and 3000 times solution of 20% fenvalerate, spraying 1500,2000 times solution of 25% diflubenzuron 3, and spraying biological pesticide Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus borer during flowering and fruiting period. ② began to bind grass on tree trunks in early September to trap larvae into pupation, which were collected and burned in winter. ③ scrapes off the skin of the old warbler in winter to reduce the source of overwintering insects. ④ adults were trapped and killed by black light during the occurrence period.

Jujube planting time

With the expansion of jujube market, the planting of jujube is rising day by day. However, planting fruit trees is not an easy task and requires a lot of professional skills and knowledge. So, what are the points for attention in the planting of jujube trees? When is the right time to plant? Now let's study together.

Jujube planting time

In fact, planting jujube trees in autumn has the best survival.

The planting period of jujube can be divided into autumn planting and spring planting. Autumn planting can be carried out from defoliation in autumn to before soil freezing.

The earlier the planting time in autumn, the better. If there is no need for long-distance transportation of seedlings, planting with leaves can be carried out in late September, which can improve the survival rate (the leaves of seedlings should be removed). Planting in spring next year can be planted late appropriately, if it is not planted in a large area, the survival rate is higher when jujube buds just sprout. From the theoretical analysis, the survival rate of jujube planted in autumn should be higher than that in spring next year, such as good soil moisture and low return to salt (saline-alkali soil), and the root activity is earlier than the aboveground part in the coming year, but the practical result is that the survival rate of late planting in spring is higher, the main reason is the loss of water of seedlings. Because it takes half a year for jujube trees to sprout from autumn to next year, the north is affected by cold and low temperature in winter, "air drying, loss of wind and other factors, resulting in the loss of water of seedlings.

In addition, jujube is a temperature-loving tree species, and the ground temperature needed for root activity and growth is higher than that of other northern deciduous tree species. In autumn, the soil temperature of jujube tree after defoliation is lower than that of root growth and activity, and the root system has no water absorption function. It is difficult to replenish the aboveground parts and cause the seedlings to die.

Advantages of planting jujube seedlings in autumn

The main results are as follows: 1. Jujube trees can be planted for a long time in autumn, from the festival in late October to the end of November, and it can make the planted jujube heal the root wound for a long time before the earth is frozen, so that it can grow well after spring.

2. The temperature is more suitable. Due to the gradual decline of air temperature in autumn, the water transpiration of jujube trees gradually weakened after planting, which was more beneficial to the survival of seedlings. And because the soil temperature drops more slowly than the air temperature, even if planted in late autumn, the physiological activities of the roots can still be carried out, and new roots grow in that year to restore vitality.

3. The quality of seedlings is acceptable. Autumn-planted jujube seedlings are all growing seedlings in the nursery, fresh and full of vitality, and spring-planted seedlings generally do not rise in advance due to the need of raising seedlings in the next crop. The sale of jujube seedlings can effectively avoid the decline of seedling vitality or even death caused by long-term poor storage.

4. Save labor and time. In autumn, watering times can be saved because of high soil moisture, good soil moisture, low temperature, small water evaporation and less water demand.

When will the jujube be transplanted?

Although it can be planted in both spring and autumn, it is mainly planted in spring because of the higher temperature required for the rooting and germination of jujube seedlings and the late germination of jujube seedlings. Under the same conditions, the survival rate can be as high as 90% after transplanting in spring budding period. In the northern region, from late February to early May (the temperature is above 18 ℃), because the sap has flowed, the jujube seedlings begin to grow, the injured roots are easy to recover and regenerate, and the underground nutrients can be transported to the aboveground parts in time, which is easy to survive. If planted prematurely in spring, jujube seedlings will lose too much water, and the root system will be difficult to supplement, which will affect the survival.

Matters needing attention in planting jujube in autumn

1. Key points for attention in seedling emergence

Try to avoid damage to the root system when raising seedlings. In order to facilitate planting, the main root can be slightly trimmed after seedling, so as to facilitate the seedling to absorb water and improve the survival rate. When the seedlings are transported, 50 to 100 trees should be tied up in a bundle, wrapped in plastic film and then transported.

2. Key points for digging holes

Dig a tree hole 50 to 60 centimeters square so that the root system of the seedlings can fully stretch in the pit. When digging a pit, separate the topsoil from the subsoil, and then fill the topsoil into the bottom of the pit.

3. Key points for attention in fertilization

Dig a good tree hole, apply 5 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer at the bottom, or add 20 kg of organic fertilizer to the bottom soil to fill the pit when planting seedlings.

4. pay attention to the main points of soaking roots

Before planting seedlings, soak the roots of the seedlings in phosphate fertilizer plus rooting powder solution for 20 minutes or dip in phosphate fertilizer solution and then plant them. The roots of the seedlings not only heal quickly, but also take root easily.

5. Key points to be noticed in planting seedlings

The saplings should be planted in the middle of the tree pit. When filling the soil, fill the fertile topsoil in the rhizosphere, cultivate the heart soil in the upper layer, and fill the soil layer by layer. The depth of the soil is 3-5 cm deeper than the original soil marks when the saplings grow in the nursery. When planting, shake the saplings while filling the soil, so that the roots can fully extend and connect closely with the soil.

6. Key points for watering

After the roots of the seedlings are fixed, they should be watered, and then the tree plates should be adjusted and cultivated into round piles to protect against wind and preserve soil moisture.

7. Key points for attention of film mulching

Covering the tree plate with plastic film on the planted jujube tree plate can preserve soil moisture, make the seedlings survive the winter safely, and the survival rate of jujube seedlings is high.

8. Key points for cold prevention

The skin of jujube seedlings is thin, the water content is low, and the water is easy to evaporate. Film mulching and wrapping can be used to prevent cold, and it can also bury the soil to prevent cold and improve the survival rate of jujube seedlings. First cultivate a 30 cm high soil platform at the base of the seedlings to fix the seedlings, and then cultivate 25 cm high soil in the direction where the seedlings are overwhelmed. After softening the seedling base, gently press the seedlings on the soil platform, and then cover the branches with wet fine soil 20 cm thick to prevent a "dead bend". Jujube trees begin to sprout only when the temperature reaches 13-15 ℃ in spring, so the time of removing cold-proof soil should be later, the exposure time of seedlings before germination should be shortened as much as possible, and the soil should be removed after the seedlings germinate.

After reading the above article, we know that jujube is divided into spring planting and autumn planting, and autumn planting is the best time, suitable for jujube planting. By following the correct planting method and planting jujube reasonably and scientifically, healthy jujube can be cultivated and greater benefits can be obtained.

Early High-yield cultivation techniques of Zizyphus jujuba

Winter jujube, also known as frozen jujube, also known as apple jujube. Belongs to Rhamnaceae, jujube genus. It is an excellent variety of late ripening fresh food of thornless jujube. Mainly distributed in Hebei, Shandong and other places, Zhanhua winter jujube has the best quality. Zhanhua Dongzao jujube has large fruit, thin skin, small stone, juicy, tender and crisp flesh, round or flat fruit, ochre red, average single fruit weight 17.5g, maximum single fruit weight 35g, jujube core is spindle-shaped. Fresh jujube contains 34% sugar, 0.47% acid and vitamin C303 mg/100g. Winter jujube sprouted in early April and matured from late October to early November. The market potential is huge. With the adjustment of rural agricultural industrial structure, the active development of winter jujube industry has become an important measure for many farmers to shake off poverty and become rich. This paper summarizes the scientific research and production practice of winter jujube in the dense planting and high-yield demonstration garden of winter jujube in our station, and introduces the simple and easy early high-yield cultivation techniques for reference. First, select strong seedlings, dig high-yield ditches and plant them carefully.

When building the garden, priority must be given to the sturdy first-class winter jujube seedlings with a height of about 1.5m, a base diameter of more than 1.2cm and more lateral roots, so that the root system is complete and grow along with it. Before planting, the injured roots were first trimmed, and the root width was kept at 30-40cm, then soaked in 50 × 10-6 ABT rooting powder solution for 1-1.5 hours, and then dipped in mud for root planting. The row spacing should be 2-2.5m × 3-3.5m. Plant 76-100 plants per mu. According to the planting row spacing, dig the high yield ditch of 60cm and deep 80cm, pile the topsoil and subsoil separately, spread 5 cm thick wheat straw at the bottom of the ditch, then mix the soil and manure with the topsoil, evenly backfill the ditch, and finally irrigate and settle. Generally apply organic fertilizer 500kg per mu. Winter jujube is planted with enough water, and then covered with soil to preserve soil moisture. Second, plastic film mulching to increase temperature and preserve soil moisture to promote rooting and growth

One of the main reasons why jujube trees do not sprout for a long time is that they are short of water and the ground temperature is too low. Plastic film mulching is an effective measure to increase temperature, preserve soil moisture and promote rooting. Jujube seedlings should be watered enough after planting, and the soil should be loosened and covered with plastic film to preserve soil moisture after water infiltration. The tree plate can be covered with plastic film, which plays a good role in increasing temperature and moisturizing and promoting the root growth of winter jujube. Third, pruning characteristics

The experiment shows that the best tree shape with high yield in the early stage should be pruned by pull-cut method, that is, the planted winter jujube seedlings should not be fixed, but the plants should be drawn parallel to the ground with a rope before sprouting, so as to slow down the growth advantage of the top of the trunk and enhance the nutrient accumulation in the middle and lower part. then on the curved back of the trunk, about 40 cm above the ground, the secondary branches with suitable orientation and strong growth should be cut short, and cut at 1 cm above the bud. As deep as xylem or eye injury, it temporarily hinders the upward transport of nutrients and cytokines, and at the same time hinders the downward transport of endogenous gibberellin at the tip of the branch, thus prompting the main bud under the wound to sprout into jujube head, and then leave a certain distance above the next year. The new jujube head is pulled in the opposite direction and engraved to cultivate the tree shape, the purpose is not only to retain the jujube head branch into the main branch and fruit branch group, but also to promote the growth of jujube head branch. Increase the number of branches and leaves to make them bear fruit early. This method was applied in the demonstration orchard of dense planting and high yield of winter jujube in our station. The seedlings of winter jujube were planted in the same year, and the results of the second year showed that in the 20 mu winter jujube orchard with row spacing of 2 m × 3 m, the average yield of winter jujube was 2.78kg, and the output value per mu was more than 6000 yuan. IV. Strengthen the management of soil, fertilizer and water

The management of soil, fertilizer and water is the foundation, and the branch and leaf growth of winter jujube is synchronized with flower bud differentiation, flowering and fruiting, with large number of flowers, long flowering period and more nutrition. it is particularly important to strengthen the management of soil, fertilizer and water.

1. Ploughing and weeding, loosening the soil and preserving soil moisture

The roots of jujube trees planted in high-yield ditches are relatively shallow, and weeds compete with jujube trees for nutrients and water. Jujube orchards should implement clear tillage system, ploughing, weeding and loosening soil many times a year. The tillage depth was 6-10 cm, and the root tillering seedlings sprouted under the tree were removed in time, so as to save nutrients and enhance tree potential, keep jujube orchard clean, loose soil, good permeability, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

2. Applying base fertilizer in autumn

The application of base fertilizer in autumn should be carried out from September to November, and the earlier the better, because the early application of soil temperature is higher, which is beneficial to the maturity and decomposition of fertilizer, the root system is in the active stage, and the root injury is easy to heal and produce new roots. 30-50 kg,5 of farm manure per tree of 2-4 years old and 50-70 kg of farm manure per 7-year-old tree, and 70-150 kg of farm manure per tree at full fruit stage of more than 8 years old.

3. Topdressing

The growth and development of winter jujube trees are mainly chemical fertilizers, which are generally carried out three times a year according to the characteristics of fertilizer requirements in the phenological period of jujube trees. The first time was before sprouting (early April), the second time before flowering (mid-late May), and the third time during the young fruit expansion period (late June to July). The young trees were mainly topdressing nitrogen fertilizer, and the mixed ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 0.5 / 0.6.

4. Foliar fertilizer spraying

In order to supplement nutrition, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed 3-4 times a year, 0.3%, 0.5% urea solution or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed, and 0.3% urea mixed solution or rare earth fertilizer and micro-fertilizer can also be sprayed.

5. Irrigation

Generally irrigate 3 times a year, that is, before sprouting, young fruit expansion period and before freezing. Do not irrigate marine water in full bloom will cause a large number of fallen flowers, fruit setting rate will be significantly reduced. 5. Using three effective methods to improve fruit setting rate

The fruit setting rate of winter jujube is low, which restricts the development of winter jujube industry to a certain extent. In order to improve the fruit setting rate of winter jujube, the author has carried out a variety of experiments. Two sets of three effective methods are briefly introduced as follows:

1. Spraying gibberellin at flowering stage compared with the experiment, spraying 25 × 10 ~ (- 6) gibberellin at full bloom in early June can minimize flower drop and significantly increase fruit setting rate.

2. 0.5% borax is added when spraying gibberellin, which can promote pollen tube germination and improve pollination and fertilization rate.

3. At the peak of blooming, ring peeling was carried out on the main branch or trunk of winter jujube, the width of the peeling was about 0.5cm, and the bark was peeled off one circle, reaching to the xylem. Young and weak trees should be peeled narrower, with a width of 0.2-0.3 cm, while strong and big trees should be slightly wider, between 0.3-0.6 cm. The position of girdling alternates and staggers from the bottom to the top every year. Through girdling, the transport of nutrients from the upper part of the crown can be prevented, and the accumulation of nutrients in the crown can promote the fruit development of jujube and increase the fruit setting rate. Through the simultaneous application of the above three measures, our station high-yield demonstration garden 4-year-old winter jujube per mu yield of winter jujube 1080kg, and high and stable yield. VI. Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests

The main diseases and pests of winter jujube are peach heart borer, jujube gall midge, Hawthorn red spider, jujube scorch leaf disease and so on. During the growing period, 1500 times 50% methamidophos or 50% 50% methamidophos were sprayed to control peach heart borer, urea No. 3 was sprayed to control jujube gall midge, and triclofenac was sprayed to control red spiders. From the first ten days of June, spraying Kangkuning 500 times or Ye Kujing 500 times every semimonthly for 3-4 times can effectively control jujube scorch leaf disease. 7. Reasonable intercropping

In the intercropping of winter jujube orchard, it is not suitable to plant tall crops, climbing vine crops and crops that need large fertilizer and water or serious diseases and insect pests, so as not to affect the growth and development of winter jujube trees. In order to solve the contradiction between long-term benefit and short-term benefit, our station explored the intercropping model of "peanut under the tree", that is, taking the main stem of jujube as the center, setting up a 1m protection belt to plant a dwarf and high-yield peanut variety-Luhua-9 outside the protection belt, the effect is very good. This intercropping model not only ensures the short-term benefit, but also achieves the goal of early high yield of winter jujube. .