How many years does the red bayberry tree bear fruit? Causes and solutions for fruitless bayberry trees

Bayberry is produced in most parts of China and grows in hillsides or valleys at an altitude of 125-1500 meters. It is a famous fruit in the south of the Yangtze River in China. Do you know that bayberry can not bear fruit until it has been planted for several years? Below, the editor of Huayugu will introduce how many years it will take to plant a bayberry tree to bear fruit.

How many years does the bayberry tree bear fruit?

If the grafted seedlings of red bayberry are cultivated properly, they can hang fruit in 4 to 5 years, and enter the full fruit stage after 8 years. The flowering period of red bayberry is April and the fruit is mature from June to July.

The reason why bayberry trees do not bear fruit

1. Lack of light: the crown of the big tree around the bayberry tree is too large to block the sun, and the bayberry tree does not get enough light.

2. The soil is too fertile: bayberry trees only grow longitudinally, not horizontally, and are not conducive to fruiting.

3. The climate is changeable: snow, rainstorm and cold air come one after another, and spring is the key season for the growth of red bayberry, so the climate change affects the growth and fruit of bayberry to a certain extent.

4. As a result, the age has not yet reached.

5. There is no pollination male tree.

The method of dealing with the sterility of Waxberry

1. Paclobutrazol spray crown: from the end of July to the end of September, the tree crown was sprayed with 200 × 10 to the negative 6th power of 500 × 10. The concentration depends on the variety and tree potential, such as the concentration of thick leaves and strong tree potential is relatively higher. In the same year, the spray can be put into production the next year, and the efficacy is 2 ~ 4 years. After the efficacy disappears, it can be used continuously. 0.5 grams of paclobutrazol can also be applied per square meter of projected canopy area.

2. Pruning and pressing: pruning in spring should be based on the principle of "controlling up and down, controlling outside and promoting inside, thinning big branches, leaving more small skills", or "opening skylight" to promote canopy ventilation and light, and promote flowering and fruiting. When the autumn shoot stops growing, you can use the rope to pull the branch, hang the medicine water bottle, or use the branch to support the branch to make the crown open, increase the angle of the big branch and ease the tree potential. During the flower bud differentiation period from the first ten days of August to the middle and last ten days of October, the branches were cut 1 / 2 times with a knife ring from 1 to 1.5 meters from the crown to promote flowering and fruiting. Ring cutting should account for 1, 2, 2, 3 of the whole tree. From February to March in spring or from early September to mid-October in autumn, the orchard should be deeply rooted.

3. Pollination of male bayberry trees: production requires not less than 2 male (male) bayberry trees per 60,90 bayberry trees.

4. Fertilization and soil cultivation: pig and cattle pen rotten manure, compost and garbage sieving fertilizer were applied three times a year, the first in late February, the second in mid-late May, and the third in early August. Each big tree applies 1530 kg of garbage fertilizer and 40kg of miscellaneous fertilizer. Cultivate the soil once a year. Each plant weighs 200kg and 250kg.

5. Control of diseases and pests: red bayberry has strong disease resistance, but when there are scale insects and debt-avoiding insects on the tree, it should also be sprayed in the larval stage, and the leaves are easily infected by spot disease. 0.5% Bordeaux solution should be sprayed to control. Although the occurrence of leprosy on branches is relatively rare, it should also be prevented and disinfected. After removing the disease spot, brush the wound with 1-6-10 concentrated alkaline water to sterilize the wound.

When does red bayberry mature? How many years does the bayberry tree bear fruit?

"Yupan bayberry is set for you, Wu salt is like flowers and snow." Waxberry is a common fruit in daily life. It has a long plant culture and is deeply loved by consumers. Nowadays, red bayberry has become the main economic tree species in many regions of the south. So, when will red bayberry mature? How many years does the bayberry tree bear fruit? Let's get to know it.

Picture: red bayberry tree

When does red bayberry mature?

The ripening season of red bayberry is usually in May. Most of the time of picking red bayberry is around the Dragon Boat Festival. In the areas with lower altitude and higher temperature, the mature time of red bayberry is earlier, and vice versa. However, in the alpine areas more than 1000 meters above sea level, the maturity is relatively late, some are as low as the fifth month of the lunar calendar, and a few are postponed to the sixth month of the lunar calendar.

Picture: red bayberry tree

How many years does the bayberry tree bear fruit?

Bayberry planting, if the cultivation and maintenance is proper, generally 4-5 years can hang fruit, 8 years later into the full fruit period. There are also varieties that hang fruit for 5-6 years and enter a high-yielding period 10 years later. The bayberry tree develops well in the area where the annual average temperature is above 14 ℃, and it is beneficial to the expansion of the fruit type and the formation of sugar in the pulp. At the same time, where there is plenty of bayberry trees in Rain Water, the economic life is long and easy to yield.

Picture: red bayberry tree

[conclusion] Myrica rubra can be planted for 4-5 years. Most of the fruits are ripe in May and are very popular with sweet and sour taste. The above introduces the result time and mature month of red bayberry. I hope it will be helpful to you!

Planting techniques and key points of cultivation and Management of Waxberry

Red bayberry is a special fruit tree in China, which is favored by consumers because of its unique fruit flavor and rich nutrition. Today, when the world attaches importance to dietotherapy and health, red bayberry has attracted more and more attention because of its good medicinal value. The whole body of bayberry is treasure, and its roots, stems, branches, leaves, fruits and kernels all have high utilization value. The oil content of the seed nucleus is up to 40%, and the advanced vegetable oil can be extracted. Leaves can extract flavors and make high-grade perfumes. The epidermis of roots and branches are rich in tannins and can be used as dyes. The wood is dense and can be used for cabinetwork.

Growth habits of Myrica rubra

Bayberry prefers acidic soil, which is native to hillsides or valleys of temperate and subtropical humid climates in China. It is mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River basin and north of Hainan Island, that is, between 20 and 31 degrees north latitude. The distribution is similar to that of citrus, loquat, tea tree and bamboo, but its cold resistance is stronger than that of citrus and loquat.

The influence of terrain on Myrica rubra

Due to different mountain types, it has different effects on the growth of red bayberry.

1. Piedmont slope: the red bayberry in the main producing areas is the most in the foothills. Due to the low topography and high soil water content, the taste of bayberry fruit is a little thin.

2. Mountain valley: this kind of soil layer is deep and expensive, the bayberry fruit is large and the quality is excellent.

3. Steep hillside: this kind of soil is thin and can achieve large fruit. The taste is delicious, but the output is low.

Introduction to the varieties of Waxberry

1. Dongkui: Dongkui Yangmei, native to Huangyan, Zhejiang Province, is famous for its great cause and effect. Its main features: the fruit is irregular and round, the single fruit weighs 20 to 25 grams, the fruit color is purplish red, the meat column is thick, the soluble solids are 13.5%, the sugar content is 10.5%, the fruit juice content is 74%, and the acid content is only 1.35%, which is far better than other bayberry.

2. Late rice bayberry: it is called late rice bayberry because its maturity is 20 days later than other varieties. The late rice bayberry is native to Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, and is one of the excellent varieties of Zhejiang bayberry. Its main features: round fruit, average single fruit weight 11.2 grams, purple-black, delicate meat, sweet and sour delicious, juicy, easy separation of meat column and nucleus; edible rate 94%-96%, soluble solids 12.6%. The fruit ripens at the end of June. The age of late rice bayberry is not obvious, the quality is good, and it can be planted in an appropriate amount.

3. Big leaf and fine pedicle red bayberry: produced in Wu County, Jiangsu Province. Its main features: the fruit is round, the average weight of a single fruit is 15 grams, the pulp is purplish red, soft, juicy, and the soluble solids are 10%. The fruit ripens in late June. This variety is not easy to drop fruit after maturity, is more resistant to storage, has high yield but has large and small years, and can be planted in a small amount.

4. Small leaf fine pedicle red bayberry: small leaf fine pedicle originated from Dongting Dongshan, Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, and Liyang, Changshu, Wuxi and other places. Crown tall, erect, slender branches, many branches, leaves lanceolate, entire or apex slightly denticulate, apex slightly revolute, base narrowly cuneate. The fruit is large and oblate, with an average weight of 10.5 grams per fruit. The meat column is round, closely arranged, the fruit surface is smooth, and when it is fully ripe, the fruit surface is deep purplish red; the meat is thick, hard, rich and sweet in flavor, high in quality, etc., containing 12.1% soluble solids. Mature from the end of June to the beginning of July. The tree has the advantages of strong tree potential, high fruit setting rate, high yield and high quality, not easy to drop fruit before harvest, is more resistant to storage and transportation, and has the phenomenon of annual fruit.

5. Early chestnut and honey plum: it is an early-maturing variety selected from the Institute of Horticulture of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It matured in the first and middle of June and was harvested more than 10 days earlier than the common water chestnut. The tree is moderate, with small leaves and slightly upward on both sides. The fruit is flat and round, the face of the fruit is deep purplish red and bright when ripe, the weight of a single fruit is about 9 grams, the content of soluble solids is 12.4%, the edible rate is 93.1%, the taste is sweet and sour, and the quality is good. The variety entered the fruiting stage early and had strong stress resistance. The flowering date is 20 days earlier than usual, which avoids the harm of "falling yellow sand", which is one of the reasons for the high seed setting rate and stable yield of this variety.

6. Late chestnut honey plum: late chestnut sweet plum is a new high-quality and late-maturing red bayberry variety selected from the main varieties by the Horticultural Research Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The variety matured more than 5 days later than that of shepherd shepherd, had excellent fresh food and processing quality, good high yield and stable character. It passed the appraisal organized by the Department of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province in January 2003. The variety blossomed in Yuyao, Zhejiang on April 4-15, and the fruit matured on July 5-10 with good yield. The yield of 4-year-old plant and 6-year-old plant could reach 5.7 kg and 36 kg, respectively, which was more than 15% higher than that of water chestnut species. The fruit is deep purplish red, and the face of the fruit is not bright and beautiful without bayberry blossoms. Sweet taste, good taste, dense meat, good storage and transportation. The average single fruit is more than 12.5 grams, and the fresh food and processing quality are excellent; the edible rate of fruit is 95.6%, the content of soluble solids is 13.7%, and the highest is 15.7%. Every year, 30-40% of spring and summer shoots become fruiting reserve branches for the next year, so the yield is stable and the fruit is not obvious in the year.

7. Crystal bayberry: also known as "Baisha bayberry", the color is as clear as jade, the fruit is round and large, and its taste is fresh and sweet. However, it is not easy to cultivate this kind of bayberry tree. It will take 20 years for this kind of bayberry tree to bear fruit in large numbers.

8. Big carbon plum: big carbon plum is native to Hangzhou, Yuyao and other places, with medium tree potential, irregular crown and slender branches. Leaf blade thick and sparse, long oval or broadly Obovate-lanceolate, margin slightly undulate. The fruit is large, round or oblate, the bottom of the fruit is flat or slightly concave, weighing about 14 grams, the fruit stalk is very short, the length of the meat column is different, the pointed or pure head is pointed, the fruit surface is rough and uneven, the color is thick red and black. The meat is soft, juicy, contains 9.9% soluble solids, strong taste, moderate sweetness and sour, and good quality. The fruit matured in the first ten days of July, the storage of fruit was poor, and the resistance to disease and drought was weak.

Planting techniques of Waxberry

1. Soil preparation: when building a bayberry garden, soil preparation should be carried out. Generally, the methods of building contour terraces, contour trenches and fish-scale pits should be used for land preparation.

① contour terraces: on the slopes of 10 °- 25 °, it is suitable to build terraces. The contours should be measured on the slope at a ratio of 0.2%, 0.3%, according to the contour difference or line spacing. In general, according to the contour line, to build from the bottom up, first along the lowest contour line, clear the foundation work. The depth of the clear foundation should be determined according to the thickness of the soil layer. The general depth of Shibi terrace is 0.5-1.0m. The width of the foundation should increase with the height of the ladder wall, generally 0.3-1.5m. When building the terrace wall, we must turn the soil while cultivating the soil, turn the uphill soil to the downhill, tilt the terrace inward about 3 °- 5 °, and then turn it deeply to make the soil of the whole terrace loose.

② contour trench: contour trench is a soil and water conservation measure to change long slope to short slope in sloping orchard, which is suitable for sloping land with a slope of 6 °- 10 °and deep soil layer. On the slope, trenches are dug according to the contours, and the dug mounds are placed beside the hillside trenches (ridges). Plant a row of bayberry trees along the contours of the outer slope of the trenches. Generally, the width of the trench is 50-70cm, the depth of the trench is 30cm, and every 5-10m in the trench, a gentle water ridge is built to form a bamboo joint. The height of the trench is roughly the same as the depth of the trench, the outer slope of the trench is slightly longer than the inner slope of the trench, and the width of the trench is slightly greater than the width of the trench.

③ fish scale pits: if the terrain is complex, it is not suitable to build horizontal terraces and trenches, fish scale pits can be built to conserve soil and water. The specific method is to determine the planting point on the contour line, take the planting point as the center, dig soil from the upper part, build a small half-moon-shaped field with high outside and low inside, the outer edge of the platform field, and pile it with stones or soil. 4m × 5m, 6m × 4m and 5m × 4m3 species are often used to plant bayberry. The diameter of the fish scale pit is 2m, in which the diameter of the planting hole is 1m and the depth is 80cm.

2. Colonization

① digging the planting hole: the planting hole should be set at 1 point 3 away from the terrace or the outer edge of the fish scale pit, and the location of the planting hole should be measured according to the requirement of plant spacing, and then the planting hole should be dug around the planting point. The specification of planting point is 1 m in length and 1 m in width and 0.8 m in depth. Generally, the planting points are dug in autumn and winter. When digging planting holes, we should put the topsoil on one side and the deep soil on the other side, and mix the topsoil with mature farm manure and superphosphate. When planting in spring, we should first put a certain amount of topsoil, then put in the fertilizer-soil mixture, and finally put into the deep soil, and then plant the seedlings. There are four collocation methods of planting base fertilizer and calcium superphosphate: ① garbage or compost 50kg, calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg; ② poultry feces 25-30kg, calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg; ③ rapeseed cake or soybean cake 5kg, calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg; ④ mountain weeds or burned turf 25-30kg.

② planting density should be determined according to the climatic conditions, soil fertility, variety characteristics and crown management techniques of the orchard. Generally, those with hot climate, fertile soil, deep soil layer and more fertilization can be planted sparsely; if the soil is barren, the soil layer is shallow, and the slope is steeper, it can be planted more densely. Generally, 15-40 bayberry plants are planted every 667 square meters. There are several specifications such as 5m × 7m, 4m × 6m, 5m × 4m and so on.

③ planting time: in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hunan and Jiangxi, where there is frost injury in winter, spring planting should be adopted, that is, from late February to mid-March. In warm areas where there is no severe cold in winter, autumn planting or spring planting can be used, that is, from early October to early December, or from mid-February to mid-March. Colonization should be carried out on cloudy or light rainy days. Special attention should be paid to not planting in northwesterly weather.

④ colonization method: generally, strong seedlings with pure varieties, good healing of rootstock and scion, developed root system, fresh and strong seedlings and no diseases and insect pests should be selected. Soil must be carried when large seedlings are transplanted or planted in close range. Seedlings transported over long distances must be carefully packaged. After being transported to the site of the orchard, the roots should be soaked before planting, and then loosened and planted.

Tree Management of Waxberry

1. The plastic surgery of red bayberry: the tree shape of red bayberry is mostly shaped by natural turning back. Because the apical buds of Waxberry and its nearby 1mur4 buds can grow into backbone branches or lateral branches, the growth potential of the first shoot is very strong, and most of the lower buds are hidden buds, so the crown branches are very regular. During the shaping of young trees, they can take shape in 5-6 years as long as they are slightly pruned. After forming, withered branches, disease and insect branches, damaged branches, useless sprouting and cluttered branches on roots and stems were removed in spring (April) and autumn (August-September), while others were not pruned. Shoot regeneration should be carried out in combination with fertilization for aging trees.

2. Cutting short fruiting branches and thinning flowers: generally from February to the middle of March, for the big year trees with too much flower bud differentiation, the whole tree is uniformly truncated and 5 fruiting branches are cut, and thin and dense fruiting branches are removed. At the same time, each plant is applied 0.5-1.0 kg of urea and other available nitrogen to promote vegetative branches.

3. Chemical flower thinning: for big year trees or plants with too many fruits, using "Shu 6" 100 mg / kg liquid at full flowering stage can not only increase fruit shape, early ripening and increase high quality fruit rate, but also increase the number of new shoots and the yield of the following year (Miao Songlin et al., 1999). In addition, weak trees and trees with too many flower buds can also be sprayed with 200 mg / kg gibberellin after fruit harvest, once every 10 days, for 2 times in a row, in order to increase the number of autumn shoots and inhibit flower bud formation.

4. Artificial fruit thinning: fruit thinning is one of the most effective and simple means to overcome the results of big and small years. Chaoshan, Yuhang, Zhejiang Province, has carried out artificial fruit thinning on Da Tan Mei and Xiao Tan Hai in late May, leaving 3 fruit out of 6 fruit-bearing branches and 3 fruit-bearing branches, generally leaving 2 fruit in each fruit-bearing branch. According to the specific conditions, each fruiting branch of large fruit leaves 1-3 fruit, and the small-fruit charcoal plum leaves 4-6 fruit. And leave less in the upper part of the crown and more in the middle and lower parts, promoting summer shoots and forming fruiting branches. In recent years, Huangyan, Zhejiang and Dongguan, Guangdong began to promote artificial fruit thinning of Dongkui bayberry, which was divided into 2 to 3 times. For the first time, the size of the fruit was about 20 after flowering, and the fruit was about the size of peanut, mainly to remove dense fruit, small fruit and bad fruit, leaving about 4 to 6 fruit on each fruiting branch, and the second time, 30 to 35 days after anthesis, when the fruit was 1 cm in transverse diameter, the small fruit and inferior fruit were removed again, and about 2 million fruits were left on each fruiting branch. From Huangyan to full bloom, the fruit was set before the fruit blooming period in the first ten days of June, with an average of 1.8 fruit per fruit branch, 3 fruit in the long fruit branch with a length of more than 15 cm, 2 fruit in the middle fruit branch in 5.0 cm and 3 fruit in the middle fruit branch with a length of less than 5 cm. To achieve "more sparse in the big year, less in the young", the spring shoot of the big tree is less, the upper part of the crown should be more sparse fruit; the spring shoot of the young tree is more and prosperous, and the upper part of the crown leaves more fruit to press the top of the fruit. At the same time of fruit thinning, combined with the selection of spray Luwang 1, nutritional nucleotides, spray Shibao 7000 times liquid 2x 3 times or "Tianda 2116" 750times liquid, especially in cloudy and rainy weather, nucleotides can enhance the utilization of diffuse weak light in leaves and improve photosynthetic capacity. to increase fruit shape and reduce acid content consistent with maturity.

Promoting Flower and Fruit of Waxberry

1. Paclobutrazol for crown control and flower promotion: it is suitable for unput-in trees with more than 5 years old and non-yielding trees with prosperous growth or trees with prosperous growth and low yield. Young trees of less than 5 years old or those who are weak cannot be used. In addition, adult fruit trees should not be used to produce pollution-free fruits. The methods of use are soil application and foliar spraying. The soil application period is effective from October to March of the following year. The method is to remove the topsoil under the canopy, spread it evenly on the tree plate, and then cover the soil. The dose used should vary according to species, tree potential and tree plate size. When foliar spraying, the unfruitful growing trees are about 5 cm long in spring or summer shoots, and the adult fruiting trees can be sprayed in spring or summer shoots when they stop growing, that is, before flower bud differentiation. The dose is 500-1000 mg / kg of water. Paclobutrazol has obvious effect on inhibiting shoot and promoting flower, but it should be used carefully and some matters must be paid attention to.

2. Gibberellin: Spraying 15-30 mg/kg gibberellin once in the crown of flowering stage or flowering stage can generally increase the fruit setting rate by 20-30%.

3. Prosperous trees: no or little nitrogen application in that year, appropriate application of potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer; late summer and early autumn, ditching near the drip line of the crown, root cutting at a depth of 30-40 cm; large branch group for thread-like ring cutting.

4. High-connected flower buds: In the absence of pollinating trees, high-connected flower buds.

5, prevent and reduce pre-harvest fruit drop: some varieties of bayberry fruit drop serious pre-harvest, such as plum fruit drop rate can reach 1/5-1/4 of the whole tree fruit, can be sprayed 15-20 days before harvest Zhejiang University horticulture department developed "L type" anti-drop element 1 time, can significantly reduce fruit drop.

Control of Myrica rubra diseases and insect pests

1. Disease

1 bayberry cancer disease: also known as bayberry sore, ulcer disease is a bacterial #harm. It mainly harms branches. At the beginning of the disease, milky white small protrusions appear, the surface is smooth, and then gradually increases into tumors. The surface becomes rough or uneven, cork, hard, spherical, and the maximum diameter can reach more than 10cm. There were 1~2 tumors on a branch, and more than 5 tumors occurred on the branch nodes, which seriously affected the growth of branches. Pathogens overwintered in the tumor of tree or stump. Bacteria overflowed from the tumor in the middle and late April of the next year and spread through rain, air, scion and insects only through wound invasion. The disease occurred most in June to August. To prevent and control the disease, we can cut off the diseased branches, avoid scratching the branches and cut scions on the diseased branches. After harvest, spray 1∶2∶200 Bordeaux mixture, 80% essential WP 400~600 times solution, 70% thiophane methyl WP 800 times solution, 77% can kill 2000 type 1000 times solution or 10% agricultural streptomycin 600~800 times solution in time. Also need to scrape clean the spot, and then the wound coated sulfur suspension plus 402 antibacterial agent (843 rehabilitation agent) 100~200 times liquid, can also be used stone sulfur mixture coating wound.

2 Bayberry brown spot disease: also known as anthrax, commonly known as bayberry red spot. Fungus #Harm. It mainly harms leaves. In the early stage, purple spots the size of needles appear on leaves, then expand into round or irregular spots, and black spots grow in the center of spots in the later stage, that is, ascocarp of fungi. The leaves of the disease spots often dry and fall off, and the whole plant falls off or the tree body dies in severe cases. The pathogen overwinters in leaves. From the end of April to the beginning of May of the next year, the pathogen spreads with rain, invades from stomata or wounds, and has a long incubation period. The disease spots appear in the middle and late August. The disease occurs once a year without reinfection. Control methods: cut off diseased leaves, dead branches, apply more organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, drainage should be good. Spray 80% Dasheng M-45 or 70% mancozeb 600 times solution, 80% essential wettable powder 500 times solution, 1∶2∶200 Bordeaux mixture, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600~800 times solution, 25% metalaxyl aqueous solution 500 times solution, 70% thiophanate-methyl or 50% carbendazim 800~1000 times solution, etc.

3. Myrica rubra dry disease: mainly harm branches, the damaged parts lose water to form concave strip spots, the diseased parts surround the branches for a week, the branches die, the pathogenic bacteria are a wide variety of weak parasites, generally invaded from the wound, the tree potential is poor susceptible to disease, mainly to enhance the tree potential, the prevention and control should cut off dead branches, burn, cut off the disease spots, the wound should be coated with 50 times solution of 402 antibacterial agent protection. Crown spray Bome 0.5~2 degrees of sulfur mixture.

④ Myrica rubra branch rot: damage the cortex of branches, soft tissue at the initial stage of disease, dense and small black grains on them, slender thorns on them, rotten and dead branches after disease, leaves and fruits are also dead. The pathogen is a weak parasite, and old trees are prone to disease. To prevent and control this disease, organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be added, diseased branches should be cut off and burned in time. After scraping the lesion, apply 50~100 times solution of 402 antibacterial agent or fresh cow dung 2000g, thiophanate methyl 100g, zinc 50g, mix with appropriate amount of water evenly, apply to the wound, and wrap it tightly with plastic film. Crown spray Bome 0.5~2 degrees of sulfur mixture.

5. Red Coat Disease of Bayberry: It is a fungus disease. Mainly harmful branches, seriously diseased trees die within a few years. Most of the disease occurs in branches and branches, and the injured part is covered with a thin layer of pink mold. In the first year, extremely thin silver-white or pink purulent vesicles occur on the bark of branches and branches. The disease begins in the middle of March of the following year, and then presents pock-like vesicles, which are connected into strip spots. Soon, the spots are covered with pink mold layer. May to June and October are the peak periods of occurrence every year. It is easy to get sick due to heavy rain, and the old trees are seriously ill. Control on the use of increased application of organic fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, cut off the disease branches burned. Scratch the spots on the diseased branches, and then apply 843 rehabilitation agent or Bordeaux slurry. Crown spray 65% zinc 600 times solution, 70% Antaisheng 600 times solution or 4%~5% ferrous sulfate solution, etc.

6 white rot of bayberry: damage to the fruit, such as rainy weather in the mature period, the disease is serious, the fruit is soft rot, and many white mist are bred on the fruit surface. To prevent this disease, the best way is to cultivate in film shelter facilities, or spray potassium sorbate 600 times solution and Cuikang calcium treasure nutrient solution to improve fruit hardness and strengthen disease resistance.

7. Myrica rubra root rot: harm root system, invade fine root first, then extend vine to lateral root, root neck and trunk, so that vascular bundle becomes brown and necrotic. Performance for the rapid withered branches and leaves on the ground, underground root rot. To prevent and control the disease, sulfur suspension agent and 402 antibacterial agent should be coated on the big wound first, and the serious diseased plants should be dug up and burned down. Spray by stages: spray 80% mancozeb 600 times solution, 80% essential 400~600 times solution, 0.5∶1∶100 Bordeaux solution or 80% Dasheng M-45 600 times solution at the early stage of germination; spray 75% chlorothalonil 500~800 times solution, 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophane methyl 600~800 times solution, or 25% redoxycycline 500 times solution after leaf expansion.

Bayberry leaf disease: belongs to physiological #harm, or called deficiency disease, showing all kinds of branches stop growing ahead of time, the top branches internode becomes shorter, or scorched death, its side part shoots short cluster branches, leaves smaller, thicker, rough, hard and brittle, veins raised cork or longitudinal crack, leaves can not turn green old mature, early death, terminal bud atrophy, no fruit or less fruit and other symptoms. To prevent this disease should not apply phosphorus fertilizer, increase the application of organic fertilizer, cut off clustered branches. Zinc sulfate and borax were applied to soil (50~ 100g + urea 100~ 200g were applied to tree crown with diameter of 3m, and then water was added to dissolve it). Spray 0.2% borax +0.4% urea mixture, 0.2% zinc sulfate, or spray 600~1000 times liquid boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer for 2~3 times continuously.

Myrica rubra shoot blight: This disease is caused by the lack of available boron in the soil. Appear leaves small, withered shoots, branches cluster, do not bear fruit or less fruit. There are half plant, several branches or whole plant disease, also have crown top disease and four weeks normal. Spray borax solution 0.2% and add urea twice the weight of borax; or apply borax 50~ 100g per plant and add urea 100~ 300g mixed, and apply it near the drip line at the periphery of tree crown.

2. Pests

(1) Scales: There are many kinds of scales, mainly cypress oyster scale, elm oyster scale, camphor net shield scale, etc. Female adults and nymph swarm on branches or leaves to harm, deciduous after being killed, heavy branches withered trees died. It has two generations a year and overwinters as female adults on treetops and leaves. Spawning in April and hatching in May can harm branches and leaves. To control scale pests, we should first cut off insect branches and dead branches, and burn them in time; remove weeds inside and outside the garden; strengthen fertilizer management. The second is to protect and utilize natural enemies. Finally, the pesticide can be selected from 40% of the speed of killing (methamidophos) EC 1000~1500 times, 25% of the 1500 times, 99.1% of the 200 times, oil emulsion 120 times or 25% of the 1000~1500 times.

Moths: there are moth, small moth, geometrid, moth, pseudo-small yellow leaf roller moth and fruit sucking moth, etc. Most of them harm leaves and feed on young leaves. Comprehensive management should be the main way to control moths. in win, clearing garden, remove fallen leaves, uprooting weeds at that edge of garden and burn them intensively; picking insect bags, shearing insect leaves and destroying egg blocks; protecting and utilizing mantis, ladybug, chrysophora, spiders and other beneficial natural enemies; trapping and killing adults and larvae by light or sweet wine and vinegar; spraying chemicals; controlling moths, poisonous moths and geometrids by using 5% Regent 1500 times solution or 10% Imidacloprid 2000 - 3000 times solution; 50% Marathon or 50% Phoxim 800~1000 times solution or 20% Sumimedin 2000 times solution, 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution, 5% Nongmengte 1000 times solution or 25% Chlorfenuron No. 3 1500 times solution were sprayed to kill leaf roller moth and small moth. Green worm fungus, beauveria bassiana or bacillus thuringiensis can also control a variety of pests. 5.7% 1000~1500 times solution spraying on crown of tree is better for controlling fruit sucking moth.

3 fruit flies: bayberry fruit mature period, there are many fruit flies eat bayberry between the meat columns, and lay eggs or give birth to maggots between the meat columns, affecting the fruit. Control fruit fly mature period can not spray, can only spray 90% trichlorfon or 80% dichlorvos 800~1000 times solution on the ground, or trichlorfon, banana, honey, vinegar according to the ratio of 10:10:6:3 to prepare a trap, put in the garden to trap fruit flies.

④ Termites: There are 3 species of termites: Coptotermes termites, yellow-winged termites and black-winged termites. To gnaw waxberry tree trunk and roots, and build mud channels, damage phloem and xylem, resulting in yellow leaves, withered branches, tree death. The control method is to trap and kill termites by piling weeds, that is, digging holes in termite damage areas, about 10 holes per 667 square meters, putting ferns or young grass in the holes, spraying 48% Lesben EC 1000 times or 5% Regent EC 2000 times, adding 1% brown sugar is better, and then covering soil. Or rake the topsoil under the canopy, spray 2.5% Uranus emulsifiable solution 1000 times plus 1% brown sugar, and then cover the soil. The termites were killed by biting and poisoning, or the termites passed on poison to other termites after homing.

Harvesting of bayberry

Bayberry fruits generally mature from early June to early July. The fruit is easy to rot and fall off after ripening, so it must be picked in time. Harvesting is best done in batches and in stages. Before picking, cut off nails, and pay attention to light picking, light release, so as not to damage the fruit, causing decay. Harvest time to early morning, evening is appropriate, at this time the temperature is low, less loss, rainy or sunny after the rain are not suitable for harvest, otherwise, fruit moisture, easy to rot.