What fertilizer should I use to grow peanuts? Fertilization principles and methods of Peanut planting

Peanut is one of the main cash crops in our country, and its planting area is also quite large, which is rich in nutrients such as fat and protein, and has high nutritional value to people. Fertilization is essential in the process of peanut growth. Fertilizing is the premise of improving peanut yield and quality. Let's take a look at what kind of fertilizer to use to grow peanuts.

Demand principle of Peanut Fertilizer

1. A large number of elements: the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in peanuts is 0.4: 1, nitrogen is the most, potassium is the second, and phosphorus is the least. Therefore, the application of a large number of element fertilizers should be mainly nitrogen and appropriate amount of potassium.

2. Trace elements: peanuts have the most demand for calcium, sulfur, magnesium and other elements. Calcium can accelerate the growth of peanut plants, sulfur can increase the protein content of nuts, and magnesium can promote the normal formation of peanut chlorophyll.

Principles of fertilization in Peanut cultivation

The main results are as follows: 1. organic fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by inorganic fertilizer: organic fertilizer has all nutrients, which can increase soil aggregate structure, improve soil physical and chemical properties, benefit the activity of rhizobium and increase the source of nitrogen. Combined with chemical fertilizers can reduce the loss and fixation of inorganic fertilizers.

2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, appropriate topdressing: organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, according to the growth situation, use quick-acting fertilizer timely and appropriately, at the same time, make a reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizer. and foliar fertilizer was sprayed in the middle and later stages according to the growth situation.

What fertilizer should I use to grow peanuts?

1. Base fertilizer: base fertilizer includes base fertilizer and seed fertilizer. The fertilizer applied in combination with cultivated land before sowing is called base fertilizer, and the fertilizer applied centrally in sowing ditches or holes is seed fertilizer. Peanut base fertilizer accounts for more than 80% of the total fertilizer, and organic fertilizer should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and other fertilizers. The specific application method varies with the type and quantity of fertilizer, and generally should be dispersed and concentrated. Most of the soil preparation before sowing should be used as base fertilizer, leaving a small part combined with sowing and concentrated ditch application or hole application. In order to improve the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and organic fertilizer can be compost for 15-20 days before fertilization. Seed dressing with rhizobium agent during peanut sowing can increase effective rhizobium bacteria, and seed dressing or soaking with 0.2-0.3% ammonium molybdate or 0.01-0.1% boric acid aqueous solution can supplement the trace elements needed for peanuts.

2. Topdressing: topdressing should be carried out timely according to the growth of peanuts, and topdressing at seedling stage should be carried out before the beginning of flowering. Generally, topdressing urea 80 kg / sq km, calcium superphosphate 150 kg / sq km, trench strip application. After flowering, gypsum powder 300 kg / square km and calcium superphosphate 150 kg / square km can be applied to increase the nutrition of phosphorus and calcium in the fruiting period. In the case of peanut podding and full fruit period without topdressing, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2% urea can be foliar sprayed for 1 or 2 times, which can protect roots and leaves, and improve seed setting rate and fruit satiety rate.

What kind of fertilizer should be applied to azaleas? The principle of rhododendron fertilization what fertilizer is good for rhododendron? Rhododendron fertilization principle-Rhododendron is a fertilizer-loving plant, which requires not only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other major nutrient elements, but also boron: copper, molybdenum, zinc and other trace elements. Azaleas should use fertilizers with mild fertility and long fertilizer efficiency. Household cuckoos can use horns, sheep horns and animal hoof slices, which contain 12% 15% nitrogen and 0.2% phosphorus, as well as a small amount of potassium and trace elements. The thin hoof piece can be effective after 1 month, the thick hoof horn can be seen after 2 months, and the fertility can be maintained for 6 Mel for 8 months. When in use, it can be combined with changing the basin and pouring the basin to bury the hooves into the edge or bottom of the basin. Cake fertilizer is also a more comprehensive fertilizer. The nutrients of cake fertilizer generally contain 2.1% of nitrogen, 7.6% of phosphorus, 0.54%-3.3% of phosphorus, and 0.5%-2.7% of potassium. Generally speaking, bean cake and peanut cake contain more nitrogen, while rapeseed cake and cottonseed cake contain more phosphorus. It should be fully fermented before application. Fertilizers made from livestock manure and leaves can be combined with pots and mixed with human culture soil.

With different varieties of rhododendrons, there are differences in fertilizer requirements among the varieties of rhododendrons in Dandong, such as Sihaibo, Shuanghuahong, Toad Peony, etc.; Fairy Dance, Wu Baozhu and Fuguiji are more tolerant to fertilizer; big-leaf rhododendrons are more tolerant to fertilizer.

Rhododendron fertilization should be based on the principle of thin application, fertilization is generally carried out in the spring and autumn growth period, generally not fertilization in winter. When changing pots in March and April in spring, flowering plants are treated with hoof flakes or manure once, and soybean cakes or horns are applied twice in May and June. During the rainy season, the fermented cake powder can be sprinkled on the basin surface and mixed with the topsoil. Apply thicker liquid fertilizer again in autumn. Generally 20 cm diameter flowerpot, the growth of exuberant plants throughout the year to use about 100 grams of bean cake fertilizer. When will peanuts be planted? Introduction to planting time and methods of Peanut

Peanut planting time

Under normal conditions, peanuts should be planted from the end of April to the first ten days of May.

Little knowledge of peanut planting

1. Leveling the land

Peanuts are cash crops that blossom on the ground, form fruit needles and drill into the ground to bear fruit. Suitable for planting on loose sandy soil and oil sandy soil. The plots for growing peanuts should be deeply turned over, combined with 30-40 tons of high-quality farm manure per hectare, and suppressed 1-2 times after turning. Where there are conditions, water can be irrigated first, and then agricultural fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can be mixed into ridges and furrows, ridging and suppression, so as to prepare for sowing at the right time. Note that peanuts like stubble, should not be repeated and welcome stubble. The better previous crops are corn, millet and sorghum.

two。 Cultivated variety

Improved varieties are the basis for high yield of peanuts. The peanut varieties suitable for planting in this area mainly include Fuhua series varieties and Jifu series varieties (commonly known as Sijiehong). The growth period is about 120 days. Choose pods that are big and full, neatly shaped and unbroken as seeds. The seeds should be dried for 1-3 days before shelling, and the seeds with pure color and neat shape should be selected as seeds after peeling.

3. Scientific fertilization

Peanuts are relatively resistant to barren, fertilization should be based on base fertilizer, 30 tons of farm manure per hectare, chemical fertilizer should be based on phosphate fertilizer, 300-400 Jack diammonium phosphate per hectare. Grow peanuts in barren land and apply 200-300 jin more urea per hectare.

Stratified fertilization: the fertilizer applied before sowing should be divided into two layers: base fertilizer and seed fertilizer.

Step-by-step fertilization: it mainly refers to the step-by-step fertilization technology of the combination of base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer for available nitrogen fertilizer. The available nitrogen fertilizer should be based on base fertilizer and seed fertilizer, and a certain amount of urea or other fertilizer should be applied in time if the phenomenon of de-fertilization occurs in the process of growth.

Deep fertilization: the basic fertilizer should be applied to the planting of 8 mures 10 cm, the seed fertilizer should be applied to the planting of 3 murals of 5 centimeters, and the topdressing depth should reach more than 10 centimeters.

4. Timely sowing and reasonable close planting

The suitable sowing time for peanuts in this area is the first and middle of May, and the specific sowing time depends on the weather conditions. The principle is that as long as the surface temperature of 5 cm stably passes through 12 ℃, the peanuts can be sown with 3-4 grains per grain and 3-5 cm thickness of soil cover, and the second is to sow seeds on demand. If the soil moisture is insufficient, it must be planted by sitting on water. When using sitting water seeds, we must wait for the water to seep completely before fertilizing, sowing, covering soil and other links.

Before sowing, peanuts should be soaked in warm water (two cool to one open) for 3-4 hours, moisturized, put in a place of 20-25 ℃ to sprout, sprout after one day and night, and sow the seeds on wet soil when sowing to prevent the buds from drying. Germinating seeds should be sowed at any time and should not be sown overnight, lest the buds grow too long and damage the germ. Generally speaking, the fertile land should be sparse and the thin land should be dense, and the suitable sowing density in this area is 15-200000 plants per hectare, and the suitable sowing density of each piece of land should be determined according to the soil fertility and the density tolerance of varieties.