How do camellias reproduce? Introduction to the propagation methods of camellia

Camellia is mainly distributed in China and Japan. It has been cultivated in the open fields of central and southern China for 1400 years. There are many methods of reproduction. Both sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction can be used, among which cutting and grafting are the most common. Let's take a look at these propagation methods of camellia.

Cutting Propagation of Camellia

This method is the most simple, and the cutting time is the most suitable in September, or in spring, choose to grow well, semi-lignified branches, remove the basal leaves, retain the upper three leaves, cut into an oblique mouth with a sharp knife, immediately soak the incision in 200-500ppm indolebutyric acid for 5-15 minutes, insert it into a sandbasin or vermiculite basin after drying, water the wound for about 40 days, and take root for about 60 days. The cuttings treated with hormone took root 2-3 months earlier than those without hormone. Vermiculite is used as a slotting bed, and it takes root much faster than a sand bed.

Propagation of Camellia by grafting

Choose appropriate varieties such as tea cup tea or Camellia oleifera as rootstocks, pick up the valuable camellias, usually between Ching Ming Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, first plant the rootstocks in the flowerpot, cut off about half of the joint with a knife, the incision should be smooth, and then make the cut of both sides closely fit, wrap it with plastic film, drench the rootstock twice a day, heal after 60 days, and then cut off and plant. And put it in the shade of the tree to avoid direct sunlight. In February of the following year, the tail of the rootstock was cut off with a knife and then planted.

Leaf cutting Propagation of Camellia

Camellia is generally propagated by branch cuttings, but some valuable varieties are limited by the source of branches, or considering that the tree shape will be affected after sampling, so the leaf cutting method is also used. Using mountain mud as the cutting substrate, it can be mixed with 1 stroke 3 river sand to facilitate ventilation and drainage, and the matrix is stored in a tile basin, and then cut in the basin. Leaf insertion is best carried out in the rainy season, take one-year-old leaves as leaf insertion material, too old is not easy to root, too young and easy to rot. Insert about 2 cm into the soil, press the soil after insertion, pour enough water, and then put it in a cool and ventilated place. Generally, it can take root in 3 months, and it can sprout and branch in the next spring.

High-cutting Propagation of Camellia

The most important feature of the high-altitude cutting method is that it can give new life to all the weak twigs that should have been trimmed off from the camellia. And this method has the advantages of high survival rate, quick rejuvenation and early flowering. The thin branches that need to be pruned are girdled in an appropriate position. (generally, the upper part can be left into 15-25 cm branches) the girdling length can be between 5-8 mm, the plastic film of appropriate size can be bound, and the sterilized peat soil or rotten leaf soil will be added to the film. After 7-10 days, the lower part of the plastic film will be girdled for 5-8 mm, which is called double-ring peeling high insertion method.

Tree grafting Propagation of Camellia

Camellia is a plant that is difficult to survive. There are many propagation methods of camellia, among which grafting is the most commonly used. Grafting has many advantages, which can maintain the good characters of varieties, accelerate plant growth and make it take shape rapidly. and large-scale production, saving panicle, especially for those rare varieties with few sources of panicle, is particularly important. Camellia grafting technology: the suitable grafting time is from June to July, when the new leaves of the scion of camellia have been unfolded, the temperature is high, the grafting wound heals quickly and the survival rate is high. The grafting method is the cutting method in the grafting method, which is often called "high grafting head" because of the high position of grafting.

Propagation methods of Camellia

Cutting, grafting, striping, sowing and tissue culture are commonly used.

Cutting propagation: the most suitable is about the middle of June and the end of August. The semi-mature branches of the same year with full external tissue, complete leaves and full leaf buds were selected as cuttings, which were 8 cm long and 10 cm long, with 2 leaves at the apex. When cutting, the base takes a little old branch as far as possible, it is easy to form callus after insertion, and the root is fast. Cuttings cut early in the morning, to cut along with the cutting, insert the substrate of about 3 cm, cuttings require leaves to hand over each other, after cutting with fingers. It is better to insert it shallowly, so that it can heal and take root quickly. The inserting bed should be shaded, spray the leaf surface every day, keep it moist, keep the temperature at 20: 25 ℃, heal about 3 weeks after insertion, and take root after 6 weeks. Transplant into a pot when the root is 3-4 cm long. When cutting, 0.4% 0.5% indolebutyric acid solution was dipped in the base of the cuttings for 2-5 seconds, which could obviously promote rooting.

Grafting propagation: often used in varieties where it is difficult for cuttings to take root or have few propagation materials. The survival rate of grafting was the highest when the new shoots were semi-qualitative from May to June, and the shoots sprouted quickly after grafting. The rootstock is mainly Camellia oleifera, which is collected in October, stored in winter, sown in early April of the following year, and can be used for grafting when the seedling grows to 4cm. Using the method of tender branch splitting, cut off the germ of the bud rootstock with a blade, cut it longitudinally along the pith in the center of the cross section of the Hypocotyl, then take a section of the scion of Camellia, and cut the base under the node into a positive wedge, immediately insert the cut scion into the bottom of the crack of the rootstock, aim at the cambium on both sides, bind it with cotton thread, and cover it with a clean plastic pocket. Remove the pocket after about 40 days, and sprout in about 60 days.

Striping propagation: in the rainy season, a robust 1-year-old branch is selected, 20 cm away from the top, peeled in a ring shape, 1 cm wide, bound with rotten leaf soil and covered with plastic film, rooting after about 60 days, cut off can be directly potted, the survival rate is high.

Sowing and propagation: suitable for single or semi-double varieties. The seeds are ready for sowing when they mature in the middle of October. Shallow sowing is better, vermiculite as substrate, covering 6 mm, room temperature 21 ℃, light for 10 hours per night, can promote seed germination, germination begins 15 days after sowing, seedling height reaches 8 cm within 30 days, seedlings are transplanted when they have 2 or 3 leaves.

Tissue culture and propagation: the common seedlings of explants were cut into 1cm long after routine disinfection and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with kinetin 1mg / L, 6-benzylaminoadenine 1mg / L and indole acetic acid 0.1mg / L. After 4 weeks of culture, only calli were formed, but not buds. After transferred to the new medium, a single branch of 4cm was formed, then soaked in 0.5mg / L indolebutyric acid solution for 20 minutes, then transferred to 1/2MS medium, and roots grew after 4 weeks. After growing on long root medium for 8 weeks, the seedlings were transplanted to a basin filled with perlite and peat.

How do camellias reproduce? Key points for attention of cutting Propagation techniques of Camellia

Camellia is favored by flower friends because of its beautiful plants and colorful flowers. But some florists don't know how to reproduce camellias. In fact, camellia can be propagated by cutting, pressing, sowing and other methods, but for ordinary flower friends, cutting is the most practical method of propagation. Next, we will take you to understand the key points of the cutting propagation technology of camellia.

Picture: Camellia

1. Cutting time

Take Fujian area as an example, most of them are planted in the nursery on the ground from June 10 to 30, and can also be cut in mud basin or wooden box containers.

Second, the selection of cuttings

Select the current year's twigs, and take the annual semi-mature branches with full outer tissue of the crown, complete leaves and full leaf buds as cuttings, with a length of 8 cm to 10 cm and 2 leaves at the apex.

Third, cutting and cutting

When cutting, the base takes a little old branch as much as possible, it is easy to form callus after insertion, and the root is fast. Cut the cuttings early in the morning and insert them whenever you want.

Picture: Camellia

4. Cutting methods

Insert the seedbed substrate about 3 cm, require the leaves to hand over each other when cutting, press solid with fingers after cutting, and dip 0.4% 0.5% indolebutyric acid solution into the base of the cuttings for 2-5 seconds, which can obviously promote rooting. It is better to insert it shallowly, so that it can heal and take root quickly.

Fifth, plug-in management

The cutting seedbed needs shade, spray the leaves with water every day, keep it moist, keep the temperature at 20-25 ℃, heal about three weeks after cutting, and take root after six weeks. When the root length is 3 cm to 4 cm, it can be transplanted into the pot. When the base minister has new roots, and the top of the branch has new shoots and new leaves, it can be transplanted.

VI. Surviving Transplantation

Cuttings that survive are generally transplantable from mid-September to early October of that year. If there is no transplant at this time, it would be better to wait for transplantation in March of the vertical year, so that more roots can be grown in the same place, and the survival rate after transplantation will be higher. This time coincides with another growth period of camellias, which has many benefits for growth and development. It should be noted that if the cutting medium is river sand or rice chaff ash, it should be transplanted and planted as soon as possible after rooting and growing leaves, because of the lack of nutrition in these media, the growth of survival seedlings in the nursery will be affected for a long time.