Introduction to the growth habits, propagation methods and planting techniques of Phytolacca acinosa

Phytolacca is also known as mountain radish, see swollen, inverted water lotus and so on. it is a sturdy perennial herb of Phytolacca family, widely distributed in the red soil and low hilly areas south of the Yangtze River. In China, there are mainly Phytolacca (wild radish) and vertical Phytolacca (Phytolacca, Phytolacca, Phytolacca), with high cultivation value, let's take a look at the planting techniques of Phytolacca.

Growth habits of Phytolacca

Phytolacca has strong vitality and is often wild at the foot of mountains, forests, roadsides and behind houses, and is distributed in plains, hills and mountains. Like warm and humid climatic conditions, cold-resistant and not resistant to waterlogging, suitable for growth temperature of 14-30 ℃, aboveground parts withered in autumn and winter leaves, while underground fleshy roots can withstand the low temperature of-15 ℃. It has a wide adaptability to the soil, whether it is sandy soil or red loam, whether the soil is fertile or barren, it can grow luxuriantly.

Propagation techniques of Phytolacca acinosa

1. Seed propagation: Phytolacca acinosa direct seeding was sown in late February. As a green fertilizer for protecting the wall, sowing seeds in shallow holes with row spacing of 1.0x1.5 on the terrace wall, with 10 seeds per hole (its seed germination rate is 70-80%), covering soil 1-2 cm after sowing, and covering coke mud ash is better. The seedlings emerged 20-25 days after sowing, and the seedlings were asked when the height of the seedlings was 10-15 cm, leaving 1-2 seedlings in each hole.

2. Fleshy root planting: the fleshy root with bud heel was selected when the persistent root was not sprouting from the middle of November to the middle of December, and the part with bud heel was cut and supported, and each bud and 3-4 incisions were sown with plant ash at a distance of 40 × 40 cm. Cover soil 3cm and then apply high-quality agricultural fertilizer to cover the pond to moisturize. Pour out the seedling water as appropriate.

Planting techniques of Phytolacca

1. Field management: pokeweed is watered twice after setting seedlings or during severe drought, and when soil moisture is suitable, the soil is loosened and weeded shallowly, keeping the soil surface sparse orange, moist and weed-free. Shang Lu blossoms from June to August, except for those who keep the seed, cut off all the flower moss and reduce the nutrient consumption. In order to make Phytolacca survive the winter safely and increase the fertilizer of organic matter in the soil, 6000 kg / ha of chopped firewood grass such as wheat and rice bran were sprinkled in the fields planted in late autumn and early winter.

2. Reasonable topdressing: the leaves of Phytolacca acinosa seedlings are sprayed with 0.5% urea solution, a small amount for many times, with a total amount of no more than 225 kg / ha. In the next spring, before the plant emerged, a shallow trench was opened between the two rows and about 1200 kg / ha of potassium sulfate higher education compound fertilizer was applied. From July to August, spray 1% potassium sulfate or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate about 1800 kg / ha, once every 15 days, 3 times in a row.

3. Disease and pest control: there is no disease in the whole growth period of Phytolacca. Because the stems and leaves are tender, the main pests are aphids. 40% gram aphid 600 times liquid, 25% aldicarb 1000 times liquid can be used for 3 times and 2 times respectively, and the safe interval is 7 days. Sometimes there will be the harm of root rot, the aboveground parts of the damaged plants wither, the rhizomes turn brown, and when the roots rot seriously. Select good drainage plots for planting, timely drainage in the rainy season, and disinfect the soil with 70% pentachloronitrobenzene 15 kg / ha.

How does Phytolacca reproduce

How does Phytolacca reproduce

The propagation mode of Phytolacca can be divided into seed propagation and fleshy root colonization. And the way of reproduction is very simple.

Seed propagation

The sowing time can be fixed in February of each year. Because of the function of soil and water conservation, a small shallow trench can be dug on the wall of the terrace and planted, with eight to ten seeds in each shallow trench. Then cover with a layer of soil, it is also said that covered with charred plaster, the effect will be better. When the seedlings emerge one after another, in each pile of seedlings, choose to keep the robust seedlings that grow, and pull out the rest. After the seedlings grow to 10 centimeters, choose cloudy days or sunshine is not enough time for transplanting.

Fleshy root colonization

The best time for fleshy root colonization is from mid-November to mid-December. Select the place where the root has buds to cut the skin, then apply plant ash, sow, and finally cover the top with a layer of 3-4 cm of soil, and then apply high-quality agricultural fertilizer. Pay attention to proper watering.

Phytolaccaceae genus

Phytolaccaceae, Phytolacca, Latin name Phytolaccaacinosa Roxb

Phytolacca acronym

Zhang Liu, big amaranth, mountain radish, see swelling, pour water lotus, Jinqi Niang, pig mother ear, white hen

Phytolacca distribution

Phytolacca is widely distributed in the red soil hilly areas south of the Yangtze River, mainly in North and Central China. At present, the main varieties distributed in China are Phytolacca and Phytolacca.

Morphological characteristics of Phytolacca

Phytolacca acinosa is a perennial herb, the surface of the whole plant is glabrous. The root is conical and fleshy, with a yellowish or grayish brown outer skin and a yellowish white inside; the pokeweed stem is erect, cylindrical, with longitudinal grooves on the surface, green in the young part, purplish red in the old part and much branched. The leaf is oval, thin paper feel, the top of the leaf is acuminate, the base is wedge-shaped, attenuate, the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf are scattered with small white spots, the lower surface of the leaf midrib protruding. Phytolacca is a spike with white flowers blooming in summer and autumn. There are eight unborn carpels. The berries are purplish black and flat in clusters.

Phytolacca growing environment

Phytolacca is very dynamic, distributed in plains, hills and mountains, and is often found by the side of the road and in front and behind houses. Phytolacca likes warm and humid climatic conditions, and the suitable growth temperature is between 14 and 30 ℃; after autumn, the aboveground part of Phytolacca acinosa will wither after defoliation, while the underground fleshy root can withstand the low temperature of-15 ℃, and the aboveground part can grow when the succulent root is warm in the coming year; Phytolacca acinosa has strong adaptability to soil, there is no special requirement for soil, basically any soil can grow.