Planting methods and cultivation techniques of Artemisia chinensis

Yinchen, also known as oregano, Tian Nai Li, Ma Xian, wormwood, Artemisia annua, etc., are perennial herbs or semi-shrubs of the Compositae family oregano, often born in low-altitude riverbanks, coastal wet sand, roadsides and low hillsides. There is still a habit of using rice noodles as wormwood cakes in our country. let's take a look at the cultivation techniques of wormwood.

Growth habit

Yinchen prefers a warm and humid climate with strong adaptability. It is suitable for cultivation in sandy loam with sunny, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage. The requirement of soil is not strict, general soil can be cultivated, but alkaline soil and sandy soil are not suitable for cultivation. Farm manure is applied before turning the land. Because the seeds of Elsholtzia splendens are very small, the land must be leveled and raked fine.

Reproduction method

The direct seeding method of Artemisia chinensis was sown in March in spring. after mixing the seeds with fine sand, the seeds were sown according to the row spacing of 25 × 20 cm. Strip sowing opened a trench according to the row spacing of 25 cm, and sowed the seeds evenly. Before sowing, seed dressing with new high-fat membrane and seed coating agent were used to ward off underground diseases and insects, isolate virus infection, strengthen absorption intensity and improve seed germination rate. Spraying soil surface with 600 × 800 liquid of new high fat film after soil preparation can preserve soil moisture, prevent evaporation, prevent sun and drought, prevent soil layer from hardening, suffocate and isolate the source of diseases and insect pests, and increase the rate of seedling emergence.

Field management

After the emergence of wormwood seedlings and time seedlings, ploughing and weeding, irrigation and fertilization, and spraying new high-fat film on the plant surface to enhance fertilizer efficiency, prevent bacterial infection, improve the ability to resist natural disasters, improve photosynthesis efficiency, and protect the growth of grain seedlings. And timely spraying Zhuangtuanling makes the plant stem stout and the plant luxuriant. During the growth period, the weeds were ploughed and weeded 2 times a year, combined with topdressing human feces and urine for 2 times.

Pest control

The diseases of Artemisia chinensis seedlings include root rot, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, insect pests, etc., and attention should be paid to prevention and control during cultivation. After 4-7 days of bleeding period and callus formation period of about 20 days after harvest, new buds began to differentiate and multi-branched plants were formed. From the bleeding period to the differentiation of new buds, it should not be watered to prevent rotting roots. At the same time, it is necessary to improve the ability to resist disasters, reduce the amount of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce residual toxicity.

According to the picture introduction of wormwood, what are the cultivation techniques?

The commonly used pharmacological effects of Artemisia chinensis are: cholagogic, hepatoprotective, antipyretic, lowering blood lipid and blood pressure, antibacterial and anti-inflammation, etc., so today the editor will introduce the cultivation techniques of Artemisia chinensis, and let's enjoy these pictures.

Morphological characteristics of Artemisia chinensis

Herbs perennial or subshrubs, aromatic; rhizomes oblique, with slender fibrous roots at nodes, ±woody. Stems erect or protruding near base, usually 25-60 cm tall, ±purplish, quadrangular, with inverted or slightly curled pubescent, mostly, originating from rhizome, with flowered branches in upper and middle nodes, sterile short branches in lower nodes, often leafless near base. Leaves stipitate, stalk 2-7 mm long, ventral sulcate, abaxially suborbicular, pilose, leaf blade ovoid or oblong-ovoid, 1-4 cm long, 0.4-1.5 cm wide, apex obtuse or slightly obtuse, base broadly cuneate to subrounded or cordate, entire or with distant serrate, bright green above, often purplish halo, with inconspicuous pilose and sunken glandular spots, light green below Glandular spots conspicuously pilose and impressed, lateral veins 3-5 pairs, inconspicuous above with midrib, somewhat prominent below Bracts mostly sessile, often purplish.

Geographical distribution of Artemisia chinensis

Produced in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, * and Xizang.

It is distributed all over the country. Mainly produced in Sichuan, Hebei, Shanxi and other provinces. The commodity is commonly known as wormwood, and the Shaanxi producer is called Xiyinchen, which is of the best quality. In addition to supplying the province, it is also shipped and sold to the southern provinces. Those produced by other provinces and regions are mostly produced and sold by themselves. Foreign countries are distributed in Japan, Korea, Mongolia and other countries.

Cultivation techniques of Artemisia chinensis

Biological characteristics

Like warm and humid climate, strong adaptability. It is suitable for cultivation in sandy loam with sunny, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage. Artemisia is not strict to the soil, the general soil can be cultivated, but alkaline soil, sandy soil is not suitable for cultivation. Farm manure is applied before turning the land. Because the seeds of Elsholtzia splendens are very small, the land must be leveled and raked fine.

Planting method

Breed with seeds and analysis. Direct seeding or seedling transplanting. Direct seeding method: the seeds were sown in March in spring, and the seeds were mixed with fine sand, and then the seeds were sown according to the row spacing 25cm × 20cm. Strip sowing, according to the row and plant distance from 25cm to open a groove, the seeds will be sown evenly. Seedling transplanting method: raising seedlings and sowing in February, covered with a layer of fine soil, with no seeds for the degree. When the seedling height is 6-8cm, the weeds should be pulled out in time, the seedling height is 10-12cm, and then transplant. Ramet propagation: dig old plants from March to April and transplant them.

The direct broadcast of wormwood should be broadcast by strip or broadcast. Before sowing, seed dressing with new high fat membrane and seed coating agent were used to ward off underground diseases and insects, isolate virus infection, strengthen respiratory intensity and improve seed germination rate. After soil preparation, spraying 800 times solution of new high-fat film 600 murmure on the soil surface can preserve soil moisture, prevent evaporation, prevent sun and drought, prevent soil layer from hardening, suffocate and isolate the source of diseases and insect pests, and increase the emergence rate.

Field management

After the emergence of seedlings and time seedlings, ploughing and weeding, irrigation and fertilization, and spraying new high-fat film on the plant surface to enhance fertilizer efficiency, prevent bacterial infection, improve the ability to resist natural disasters, improve photosynthesis efficiency, and protect the growth of grain seedlings. And timely spraying Zhuangtuanling makes the plant stem stout and the plant luxuriant. During the growth period, it was ploughed and weeded 2-3 times a year, combined with topdressing human feces and urine for 2-3 times.

Pest control

The diseases include root rot and sclerotiorum. Pests include land tigers and so on.

At the same time, it can improve the ability to resist disasters, reduce the amount of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce residual toxicity. At the same time, strengthen the comprehensive control of diseases and insect pests, and spray new high-fat membrane to enhance the control effect.

The above is the picture of wormwood shown by the editor and the introduction of related cultivation techniques. Wormwood is born on roadsides, hillsides, forests and grasslands, 500-3600 meters above sea level. Born in moist sand, roadside and low hillside areas near riverbanks and coasts at low elevations. I hope the above introduction can bring some help to friends who like wormwood.

Medicinal value and artificial cultivation methods of dandelion

I often hear my mother say that I want to find some dandelions, but I can't find them, and sometimes I can tell them, so I wrote this article, hoping to help you all.

[appearance characteristics of dandelion]

Perennial herb with high 10~25cm and white milk. Roots deep, simple or branched, bark yellowish brown. Leaves root, arranged in rosette, narrowly oblanceolate, pinnatifid, lobes triangular, entire or several-toothed, apex slightly obtuse or pointed, base attenuate into stalk, glabrous with arachnoid fine hairs. The flower stem is shorter or equal than the leaves, elongates when fruiting, and the upper part is densely covered with white arachnoid hairs. Inflorescences simple, terminal, ca. 3.5 cm; involucral bracts herbaceous, green, partly reddish or purplish red, apex with or without small horns, with white arachnoid hairs; ligulate flowers bright yellow, apex truncate, 5-toothed, bisexual. Achenes oblanceolate, khaki or yellowish brown, with longitudinal ribs and transverse tumors, above middle transverse tumors with spiny processes, apex beaked, terminal white crown hairs. Flowering in early spring and late autumn. Born on the side of the road, in the field, on the hillside.

[eating method of dandelion]

Dandelion can be eaten raw, fried, made soup, mixed, unique flavor. Eat raw: wash the fresh and tender stems and leaves of dandelion, drain and dip in sauce, slightly bitter, delicious and refreshing. Cold salad: blanch the washed dandelion with boiling water for 1 minute, drain and rinse with cold water. With chilli oil, monosodium glutamate, salt, sesame oil, vinegar, mashed garlic, etc., can also be mixed into dishes with different flavors according to their own taste. Make stuffing: wash and scald the tender stems and leaves of dandelion, hold them slightly, chop them up, and add seasoning to make stuffing (or meat) to make dumplings or steamed buns.

[dietary treatment of dandelion]

① dandelion porridge

Dandelion 30 grams, rice 100 grams, boiled into porridge, can clear heat and detoxification, detumescence and loose knots.

② dandelion Yinchen jujube soup

Dandelion 50 grams, wormwood 50 grams, jujube 10, sugar 50 grams, made into soup, is the treatment of acute icteric hepatitis of the first-class adjuvant drugs.

③ dandelion Platycodon grandiflorum decoction

Dandelion 60 grams, Platycodon grandiflorum 10 grams, a little sugar, fried into soup together, has a certain effect on carbuncle.

④ dandelion corn soup

Dandelion 60 grams, corn stamens 60 grams, add water concentrated decoction or on behalf of tea drink, used for the treatment of heat, urine short red.

[medicinal value of dandelion]

Leaves of ① dandelion

It has the effect of purifying blood and stopping bleeding, and the developed root system of dandelion has the effect of anti-inflammation and saprophytic muscle. Indications: furuncle, abscess, furuncle, nameless poison sore, gills, eczema and so on. The method of production and use is simple: in general, you can take its rhizome as medicine, take 10-15 dandelion rhizomes, depending on the situation, add or subtract appropriately, wash and crush and mix 0.5 million egg white to apply to the affected area, or you can add a little raw bean paste, which should be given in sufficient quantity, and the gauze should be fixed and wrapped, 2 times a day, 5 hours on average, and replaced once every 6 hours. 3 to 5 days as a course of treatment. Practice has proved that the effect is good.

Flowers of ② dandelion

Soak in 70-80 degrees boiling water into medicine juice can treat desalinated chloasma, freckles, acne and other skin diseases. Fresh dandelions in barren hills and fields should be selected with fresh green leaves and no pollution, while sun-dried dandelions should be gray-green, free of impurities and dry. The method of making and using is simple: soak it in 70-80 degrees boiled water to make medicine juice. The combination of oral drinking and skin painting.

③ dandelion alone or reasonably compatible with other Chinese herbal medicines

It has the special effect of soothing the liver, promoting gallbladder, diuresis and detumescence. The rhizome of dandelion is rich in carotene, vitamin C and minerals, which can improve indigestion, constipation, body dryness, cholelithiasis, rheumatoid arthritis, rash and so on. Mainly fried soup, bubble water drinking is better, the production and use method is simple, fresh stems and leaves, sun-dried dandelion stems and leaves can be. Soak water to drink, the water temperature should not be too hot. When drinking water instead of tea, you can put a small amount of red girl skin, or corn whiskers, for detumescence, diuresis, detoxification and other health care effect. Being bitten by a snake and taking dandelion will also have a certain healing ability.

Some common prescriptions for the treatment of ④ dandelion

Chronic hepatitis, icteric hepatitis: dandelion, Artemisia annua, sugar each 50 grams, jujube 10. Altogether cook porridge and eat, once or twice a day. All kinds of inflammation: dandelion 60 grams, honeysuckle 30 grams, water frying juice, plus 100 grams of japonica rice, boiled as gruel, twice a day for 3-5 days. Chronic gastritis: dandelion 30 grams, tripe one, stewed with water, divided into 2 times to eat belly soup. It can also be used for peptic ulcer (gastric and duodenal ulcer). 2 to 3 days a course of treatment. Acute cholecystitis: 50 grams of fresh dandelion, 10 grams of Artemisia angustifolia, fried in water. Take it for 15 days. Urine astringent: dandelion, corn beard each 60 grams, red girl skin 2-3, water fried with sugar. Carbuncle poison: dandelion, purple flower Ding each 30 grams, mung beans 60 grams, first decoction juice, into mung beans boiled into porridge. Wash, mash, add 0.5 million egg whites and mix well and apply to the affected area.

⑤ dandelion as food and edible method

1. Dandelions can be eaten raw

First of all, wash the fresh and tender stems and leaves of dandelion, peel off the skin of the root, and then drain them with fresh Chinese cabbage, spring onions, radish, parsley, etc. dipped in raw sauce or cooked egg sauce, chili sauce, slightly bitter, fragrant and palatable, its taste is delicious.

2. Dandelion salad

Boil the washed dandelion in boiling water for about 1 minute and rinse it with cold water. Control dry moisture, supplemented with chilli oil, monosodium glutamate, salt, sesame sauce, soy sauce, mashed garlic, etc., can also be mixed into dishes with different flavors according to their own taste.

3. Dandelion as stuffing

After copying the tender stems and leaves of dandelion with a small amount of Chinese cabbage, squeeze out the water, chop it up, add seasoning to make stuffing, according to individual taste, add eggs, pork and beef to make steamed buns, chaos, dumplings and pies.

4. Dandelion with staple food

Mainly white rice, millet rice.

When you see this, you will wonder how the dandelion should be cultivated artificially. Don't worry, I'll tell you about it.

1. How to get seeds from wild dandelion?

Dandelion is a perennial perennial root plant. Biennial plants can blossom and bear seeds. Early summer is the flowering and seed-setting stage, and the number of flowers per plant increases with the growth years. Some plants have more than 10 flowers, and the seeds mature at 13 and 15 days after flowering. The shell of the disk changes from green to yellowish green, and the seeds can be harvested when the seeds change from milky white to brown. do not wait for the disk to crack before harvesting, otherwise the seeds are easy to fly and lose. Generally speaking, the number of seeds in each head is more than 100. The 1000-seed weight of big-leaf dandelion is about 2 grams, and the seed weight of small-leaf dandelion is about 0.8 ~ 1.2 grams.

2. How do seeds germinate? How to sow seeds?

Mature dandelion seeds have no dormancy period, so they can be sown from early spring to midsummer. On a sunny day (about 28 degrees), mix the seeds with the soil, water them thoroughly, expose them until the soil is slightly moist, and then properly water and moisturize. The skin will turn green the next day, and it will take root and sprout in a few hours. According to the experimental results, sowing immediately after the seeds were harvested at the end of May takes 10 Mel 20 days from sowing to emergence, and it takes 15 days from sowing to emergence from July to August in summer. Generally, the sowing rate is about 3 grams per square meter, and 700 000 seedlings can be preserved. Dandelion should be turned over to make a bed before sowing. The width of the border is 80m / 90cm and a shallow ditch is opened in the border with a distance of 12cm and a width of 10cm. Then sow the seeds in the ditch, cover the soil after sowing, and the soil is 0.3 cents 0.5 cm thick. Sowing requires moist soil, such as dry soil, and water thoroughly two days before sowing. Spring sowing is best covered with plastic film, summer sowing Rain Water is sufficient, but not covered.

3. How to manage the fertilizer and water of dandelion?

Dandelion has strong disease resistance, drought resistance and insect resistance, and generally does not need to carry out pest control. The focus of field management is mainly fertilizer and water. Although dandelion is not strict with soil conditions, it still likes soil with rich, moist, loose and high content of organic matter. Therefore, when planting dandelion, it is necessary to apply 17Mel 20 kg of ammonium nitrate per mu as base fertilizer. After sowing, the soil should always have proper moisture. In the growing season, it is necessary to top fertilize 1 Mel twice. The leaves are generally not picked in the year of sowing in order to promote its luxuriant growth, so that the new buds of the plants in the early spring of next year are stout, and the young leaves with good quality and high yield are produced.

4. How to cultivate dandelion precociously?

The dandelion planted last year began to sprout and sprout when the ground temperature reached 1-2 degrees at a depth of 5 cm in the topsoil in early spring. Generally speaking, the new buds in front of Ching Ming Festival are exposed to the ground, and at this time the length of the "white buds" in the soil is already 3mi 4cm, so wild dandelions can usually be picked around April 20th. When picking seeds, you can pick the flower tray of dandelion, store it indoors and ripen for a day, wait for the flowerpots to spread out, then dry them in the shade for 2 days until the seeds are semi-dry, rub off the fluff at the tip of the seeds with your hands, and then dry the seeds. Where dandelion is rich in wild resources, it can also be cultivated by digging roots. Usually in October, after digging roots, concentrated cultivation in the greenhouse, plant row spacing of 8 cm × 3 cm, watering enough water after planting, to the next February can sprout, then apply organic fertilizer again, leaves can be picked.