How to sow Eucommia ulmoides seeds, a traditional Chinese medicine plant?

Eucommia ulmoides is endemic to China, with high cultivation value, like warm and humid climate and sunny environment, can withstand severe cold, and adults can survive normally under the condition of-30 ℃. Eucommia ulmoides is cultivated in most areas of our country with strong adaptability and no strict choice of soil, but it is most suitable for deep, loose, fertile, moist and well-drained loam. Let's take a look at how Eucommia seeds are planted.

Seed treatment

The life span of Eucommia ulmoides seeds is 1 year, and the seed germination rate is closely related to maturity and freshness. the germination rate of mature seeds is low, and the germination rate of spring sowing is even lower. It is usually harvested at the end of October, hung and stored, soaked in clean water for 1-2 days in late December, changed the water once a day, and added less copper sulfate or ammonium benzoate (zinc) and carbendazim in the last change of water, so as to kill germs and filter them so that they can spread without sticking hands when sowing, and sow seeds directly into the border.

Sow seeds into the border

1. Soil preparation and fertilization: the seedlings of Eucommia ulmoides should be cultivated in Shatian or sandy soil fields, ploughing and raking repeatedly for 2 or 3 times before sowing. The compound fertilizer "stubble" before the last ploughing and harrowing. Make a 1-meter border, cut 20-25 cm deep, apply ring fertilizer or sprinkle compound fertilizer and vegetable cake in the ditch, or use human and animal urine feces to make the bottom, covering soil 1.5-2 cm below the border surface.

2. Sowing into the bed: the seeds of Eucommia ulmoides were scattered evenly or sparsely and evenly between 5 cm in the ditch where the basic fertilizer was applied, and those who were too dense picked up another sparse place. Cover vegetation ash mixed with soil or fine soil 1.5 cm. Along the ditch on the border, the rice and thatch are kept warm. The cover grass does not need to be too thick, so as not to bring out the seedlings when lifting the grass.

Seedling stage management

The main results are as follows: 1. suitable time seedlings: Eucommia ulmoides seedlings which are too dense are transplanted separately, so that the plant spacing is about 8cm. It is better to transplant the seedlings before opening the true leaves, and there is almost no root in the roots without the true leaves. Gently pick out the hard bamboo (with mud as much as possible) in cloudy days or evening, plant with one handful, water after planting, and fertilize once with extremely light human urine feces or urea point after 7-10 days.

2. Spraying to protect seedlings: Eucommia ulmoides should be sprayed to control locusts, gibberries, longicorn beetles and other pests during the whole seedling stage. Bordeaux liquid can prevent blight, but it is useless to spray Bordeaux liquid after the seedlings get blight, so Kangkuling and carbendazim should be irrigated. At the same time, it is necessary to hoe the surface shallowly to increase the ground temperature and irrigate more light fertilizer to enhance soil fertility. Downy mildew can be sprayed or irrigated with mancozeb, mancozeb and carbendazim.

3. Pulling grass and loosening soil: after emergence, Eucommia ulmoides seeds should pay attention to ploughing and weeding, watering and fertilizing, and loosening the soil. Seedlings avoid the scorching sun, should be properly shaded, sprinkler irrigation should be timely to prevent drought in the dry season, and attention should be paid to waterlogging in the rainy season. If the trunk of the seedling is bent, it can remove all the aboveground parts along the surface in early spring, promote the development of new branches, and leave a strong and straight new branch as the new trunk, and all the rest can be removed.

4. Rational fertilization: Eucommia ulmoides seedling fertilization should be "eat less and eat more", farm manure and compound fertilizer should be better, fertilization should be light, thinning after each loosening soil is appropriate, ammonium bicarbonate should not be used to prevent fertilizer damage. After the seedling height is 30 centimeters, you can spread urea on rainy days, with a dosage of 4-5 kg per mu. After the seedling height is 40 cm, urea can be sprinkled lightly every 15-20 days. Eucommia ulmoides seedlings in autumn Meng long, fertilizer to keep up, the big one can grow 100 to 110 centimeters high, can cultivate high-quality seedlings.

How to preserve Eucommia ulmoides seeds? How to sow Eucommia ulmoides seeds?

[FAQ] how to preserve Eucommia seeds? How to sow Eucommia ulmoides seeds?

The life span of Eucommia ulmoides seeds is 1 year, and the germination rate of Eucommia ulmoides seeds is closely related to maturity and freshness. the germination rate of mature seeds is low, and that of spring sowing is even lower. It is usually picked at the end of October and hung for storage. At present, Eucommia ulmoides seeds can be stored in three forms: cloth bag dry storage, mixed sand dry storage and mixed sand wet storage. The experimental results show that the effect of mixed sand wet storage is the best, which is not only better than mixed sand dry storage, but also better than cloth bag dry storage, and the germination rate and germination potential of mixed sand wet storage are more than twice higher than those of cloth bag dry storage.

Eucommia ulmoides seed

How to sow Eucommia ulmoides seeds?

1. Seed treatment: soak in clean water for 1-2 days in late December, change the water once a day, and add less copper sulfate or ammonium benzoate (zinc) and carbendazim in the last change of water, so that the bacteria can be fished out and filtered so that they can spread without sticking hands when sowing, and sow seeds directly into the border.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization: the seedlings of Eucommia ulmoides should be cultivated in Shatian or sandy soil field, ploughing and raking for 2 or 3 times before sowing. The compound fertilizer "stubble" before the last ploughing and harrowing. Make a 1-meter border, cut 20-25 cm deep, apply ring fertilizer or sprinkle compound fertilizer and vegetable cake in the ditch, or use human and animal urine feces to make the bottom, covering soil 1.5-2 cm below the border surface.

3. Sowing into the bed: the seeds of Eucommia ulmoides were scattered evenly in the ditch with basic fertilizer at a distance of 5 centimeters, and those who were too dense picked up another sparse place. Cover vegetation ash mixed with soil or fine soil 1.5 cm. Along the ditch on the border, the rice and thatch are kept warm. The cover grass does not need to be too thick, so as not to bring out the seedlings when lifting the grass.

4. suitable time seedlings: Eucommia ulmoides seedlings which are too dense come out and transplant separately to keep the plant distance about 8cm. It is better to transplant before opening true leaves after the seedlings are basically complete, and there is almost no need for roots in the roots without true leaves. Gently pick out the hard bamboo (with mud as much as possible) in cloudy days or evening, plant with one handful, water after planting, and fertilize once with extremely light human urine feces or urea point after 7-10 days.

[conclusion] Eucommia ulmoides is a unique traditional Chinese medicine plant in China, and its cultivation value is very high. The above first Agricultural Classic editor has introduced the preservation and sowing methods of Eucommia ulmoides seeds for you. I hope it will be helpful to you.

Pre-sowing treatment methods of traditional Chinese Medicine Seeds

[frequently asked questions] pre-sowing treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine seeds

[expert answers]

Picture: seeds of traditional Chinese medicine

I. selection of species

Select seeds with full grains, perfect development, no disease and insect eggs, and strong vitality. A small amount of seed can be selected by hand, and a large amount of seed can be selected by wind.

2. Seed drying

Drying seeds before sowing can promote the physiological ripening of some medicinal seeds, accelerate the internal metabolism of seeds, improve seed survival rate, germination energy and germination rate, and play a role in sterilization and elimination of Yu du.

Sun-drying seeds generally choose sunny weather for 2-3 days. When drying seeds on the cement ground, pay attention not to spread too thin to prevent scalding seeds, generally 3-5 cm is appropriate; turn every 2-3 hours, so that the seeds are heated evenly.

Third, soaking seeds

Soaking the seeds with cold water or about 40 warm water directly can make the seed coat aging, enhance the permeability, kill the bacteria inside and outside the seeds, prevent the spread of diseases and promote the seeds to germinate quickly and neatly.

When soaking seeds, if chemical substances are used to treat seeds directly, the effect is better.

1. Treated with growth hormone. Commonly used hormones are indole acetic acid, gibberellin and so on.

2. Add trace elements to the water. The commonly used trace elements are boron, zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum and so on.

3. Scratch and shell breaking treatment. The seeds of some medicinal materials are hard, rich in wax and impervious to water, affecting seed germination. The seed coat is often damaged by artificial shell breaking and rubbing, which can promote germination. For example, Eucommia ulmoides can use broken Samara, take out the seed kernel and sow directly; the seed coat of Radix Astragali and andrographis paniculata has wax, which can be rubbed with fine sand first, and then soaked in warm water, which can significantly improve the germination rate.

IV. Stratification treatment

That is, a layer of wet sand, a thin layer of seeds, covered with a layer of wet sand, and then spread a thin layer of seeds, so repeated accumulation treatment can break seed dormancy and promote post-ripening and germination. For example, seeds such as Paeonia lactiflora, Coptis chinensis and Ginkgo biloba are often treated by stratification to promote germination.

5. Seed dressing

Generally, seed dressing with chemicals can play a role in sterilization and disinfection, promoting growth and absorption.

① commonly used 50% carbendazim seed dressing, can kill the seed surface and soil bacteria, prevent bacterial quenching disease, every 500g seed medicine 3-5g mix well.

② seed dressing with bacterial fertilizer can increase beneficial microorganisms in soil and transform elements that can not be directly used by plants in soil and air into nutrients that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, so as to promote the growth and development of traditional Chinese medicine. The commonly used bacterial fertilizers are rhizobium agents, nitrogen-fixing bacteria agents and so on.

In addition to the above commonly used seed treatment methods, high techniques such as X-ray and ultrasonic can also be used to treat medicinal seeds, which can promote seed germination, exuberant growth, early maturity and yield increase.

[editor's summary]

In the planting process of traditional Chinese medicine, it is mainly sowing, but before sowing, the seeds of some medicinal materials must be treated in order to improve the germination rate, ensure the seedlings are strong, and achieve the goal of increasing production and income. In this article, the editor of the first Agricultural Classic introduces you the method of pre-sowing of traditional Chinese medicine seeds. I hope it will be helpful to you.