Pictures and maintenance methods of potted jujube trees

Many flower friends are used to potted fruit trees, mainly orange trees, grapefruit trees, lemons and so on, potted jujube trees are not very common, so this paper collects some pictures of potted jujube trees, as well as daily maintenance methods for flower friends' reference. Potted jujube trees generally begin to bloom in June, when the plants have higher requirements for humidity and should be watered every day in sunny days to keep the potted soil moist.

The fine weather in spring and autumn should be watered every 1 to 2 days, and anti-freezing water should be watered when the basin soil is dry in winter. Potted jujube trees mainly apply cake fertilizer and organic fertilizer every 7 to 10 days. Jujube branch and leaf growth period, flower bud development period and young fruit growth period are the main periods of nutritional demand, and organic fertilizer can be applied twice at this time.

The trunk shape can be used for pruning potted jujube trees. The trunk is 20 to 30 cm high, with about 5 main branches on the leading trunk and branches on the main branches. Potted jujube trees should be pruned from February to March to remove useless branches, cross branches, over-dense branches and so on. After the jujube head of the backbone branch to be extended is cut short, the first and second branch under the cutting mouth should be cut off, otherwise the main bud will not germinate. The branches to be used for fruit should be shrunk to the 2-year-old part, and the secondary branches under the cut should not be cut off.

Key points of pot conservation of ornamental jujube

Jujube is a deciduous fruit tree of Rhamnaceae and is native to China. Jujube is highly adaptable, barren-resistant, saline-alkali resistant and easy to manage. Potted jujube trees with early fruit, large fruit, beautiful branch shape and compact plant shape are better, such as dragon jujube, winter jujube, snow jujube, cucurbit jujube, tea jujube, etc., as well as' potted jujube No. 1 'cultivated by the Fruit Tree Research Institute of Wulijiang Farm in Sihong County, Jiangsu Province. Let's talk about the pot technology of ornamental jujube:

1. Configuration of nutrient soil and selection of containers.

The nutritious soil was mixed with 4 parts of garden soil, 4 parts of mature organic fertilizer and 2 parts of sandy soil. after spraying potassium permanganate solution, it was covered strictly with plastic film, and the plastic film could be removed after one week. The containers should be tile pots and purple pottery pots. New flowerpots must be soaked in water for 3 days before use to prevent strong water collection from the basin wall and damage to the root system. The old flowerpot must be washed and scalded with boiling water to achieve the purpose of disinfection.

two。 Seedling selection and potting.

One-year-old grafted seedlings are required to be more than 50 cm high, fresh, sturdy and well-developed jujube seedlings. Before putting on the basin, first cover the drainage hole with tiles, and then fill the basin bottom with larger particles of vermiculite about 3 cm thick, as drainage gas layer, cut off the excess fibrous root, injured root and diseased root of jujube seedlings, and put them in the center of the basin, fill with nutritious soil, pour through water, and cover the basin mouth with thin film.

3. Water and fertilizer management.

As long as the basin soil is short of water, it should be watered in time, and the watering should be transparent, and the phenomenon of "upper wet and lower dry" should not occur. In the flowering period, water spray is often used to maintain humidity at noon, which has the effect of protecting flowers and fruits. One month before flowering and young fruit stage, the soil in the basin should be kept slightly moist. Topdressing has a great demand for nutrients, and young trees are planted before budding to the end of May, mainly with 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Starting from June, 0.5% to 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is mainly applied, and the florescence and fruit expansion period should be applied every 10 days. At the same time, foliar spraying should be carried out every half a month, such as 0.1% urea + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% magnesium potassium fertilizer or iron-zinc fertilizer mixture. The base fertilizer is applied in the middle of September by taking 10 cm deep soil from the basin, then filling it with rotten organic fertilizer or cake fertilizer and pouring enough water.

4. Shaping and pruning:

Potted jujube trees like light very much, so they should pay attention to shaping and pruning, not shading each other. When the lateral branches are sprouted, leave 3 to 4 lateral buds which are strong and evenly distributed, and cut off all the others. Cut off dense branches, overgrown branches and slender branches properly to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and reduce the occurrence of diseases. In the full flowering period, the top tender head of the new branch should be cut off by hand to promote the supply of nutrition to flowers and fruits.

5. Protect flowers and fruits and thinning flowers and fruits.

In order to increase the fruit setting rate, 10ppm to 15ppm gibberellin (1992 ○) should be sprayed twice every 5 days after the blooming period of 5 to 7 days in the first ten days of June. At the same time, spray 5000 times borax solution to promote fertilization and fruiting, once every semimonthly, several times, but can not be mixed with other pesticides at the same time, so as to avoid drug damage. In the hard core period, 10mg/l 's naphthalene acetic acid can be sprayed to prevent flowers and fruits from falling. Then remove too many flowers and young fruits, reduce the consumption of nutrients, and ensure an adequate supply of flowers and fruits left behind. The first fruit thinning is carried out when the small fruit can be distinguished after flowering, leaving 1 to 2 fruits for each inflorescence. The second fruit thinning is carried out one month after flowering (the fruit diameter is about 1 cm to 1.5 cm). This time, the fruit thinning is a fixed fruit, generally leaving one fruit every 2 to 4 leaves, leaving more fruit on strong branches, less fruit on weak branches, and removing yellow fruits, disease and insect pests and malformed fruits.

6. Pour the basin and change the soil.

After growing for 2 to 3 years, the root system of potted jujube became larger and the nutrients of potted soil were gradually deficient. At this time, the nutritious soil and large basin should be changed. Before spring and April, the basin soil should be fully watered 5 days before the basin is poured out, and the basin that is ready to be changed should be soaked. The outer root of the soil mass should be cut off 3 cm to 5 cm thick with a sharp blade, and the soil mass should be cut and put into the basin. Fill the gap with prepared nutrient soil and pour water thoroughly.

7. Pest control.

Pests that damage jujube trees include green bugs, jujube gall midges, bud-eating weevil, beetles, red spiders, leaf mites, and diseases such as anthracnose, ring disease, jujube rust, fruit shrinkage and so on. Pest control, from mid-April to mid-May, choose 30% acephate 600x to 800x liquid, or 2.5% enemy kill or kill 3000 times liquid, alternately spray 3 times. From the end of May to the beginning of June, spray 1.8% acarine or 3000 times of mites. Spray 20% mite net 4000 times liquid in the middle of June and so on. During flowering, beetles and green-blind bugs can be killed manually and generally do not spray. If they occur in large quantities, 2.5% trichlorfon powder can be put in the basin. During the fruit growing period from mid-July to late August, the disease can be sprayed every 10 to 15 days for a total of 3 to 4 times. The medicine is 1000 times of carbendazim, 70% thiophanate methyl, 75% chlorothalonil and so on.

Key points of pot cultivation of ornamental jujube

Potted jujube is better with early fruit, large fruit, beautiful branch shape and compact plant shape, such as dragon jujube, winter jujube, snow jujube, cucurbit jujube, teapot jujube and so on. Today, China Indoor Greening Network talks about the pot technology of ornamental jujube.

1. Configuration of nutrient soil and selection of containers

The nutritious soil was mixed with 4 parts of garden soil, 4 parts of mature organic fertilizer and 2 parts of sandy soil. after spraying potassium permanganate solution, it was covered strictly with plastic film, and the plastic film could be removed after one week. The containers should be tile pots and purple pottery pots. New flowerpots must be soaked in water for 3 days before use to prevent strong water collection from the basin wall and damage to the root system. The old flowerpot must be washed and scalded with boiling water to achieve the purpose of disinfection.

two。 Seedling selection and potting

One-year-old grafted seedlings are required to be more than 50 cm high, fresh, sturdy and well-developed jujube seedlings. Before putting on the basin, first cover the drainage hole with tiles, and then fill the basin bottom with larger particles of vermiculite about 3 cm thick, as drainage gas layer, cut off the excess fibrous root, injured root and diseased root of jujube seedlings, and put them in the center of the basin, fill with nutritious soil, pour through water, and cover the basin mouth with thin film.

3. Water and fertilizer management

As long as the basin soil is short of water, it should be watered in time, and the watering should be transparent, and the phenomenon of "upper wet and lower dry" should not occur. In the flowering period, water spray is often used to maintain humidity at noon, which has the effect of protecting flowers and fruits. One month before flowering and young fruit stage, the soil in the basin should be kept slightly moist. Topdressing has a great demand for nutrients, and young trees are planted before budding to the end of May, mainly with 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Starting from June, 0.5% to 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is mainly applied, and the florescence and fruit expansion period should be applied every 10 days. At the same time, foliar spraying should be carried out every half a month, such as 0.1% urea + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% magnesium potassium fertilizer or iron-zinc fertilizer mixture. The base fertilizer is applied in the middle of September by taking 10 cm deep soil from the basin, then filling it with rotten organic fertilizer or cake fertilizer and pouring enough water.

4. Shaping and pruning

Potted jujube trees like light very much, so they should pay attention to shaping and pruning, not shading each other. When the lateral branches are sprouted, leave 3 to 4 lateral buds which are strong and evenly distributed, and cut off all the others. Cut off dense branches, overgrown branches and slender branches properly to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and reduce the occurrence of diseases. In the full flowering period, the top tender head of the new branch should be cut off by hand to promote the supply of nutrition to flowers and fruits.

5. Protecting flowers and fruits and thinning flowers and fruits

In order to increase the fruit setting rate, 10ppm to 15ppm gibberellin (1992 ○) should be sprayed twice every 5 days after the blooming period of 5 to 7 days in the first ten days of June. At the same time, spray 5000 times borax solution to promote fertilization and fruiting, once every semimonthly, several times, but can not be mixed with other pesticides at the same time, so as to avoid drug damage. In the hard core period, 10mg/l 's naphthalene acetic acid can be sprayed to prevent flowers and fruits from falling. Then remove too many flowers and young fruits, reduce the consumption of nutrients, and ensure an adequate supply of flowers and fruits left behind. The first fruit thinning is carried out when the small fruit can be distinguished after flowering, leaving 1 to 2 fruits for each inflorescence. The second fruit thinning is carried out one month after flowering (the fruit diameter is about 1 cm to 1.5 cm). This time, the fruit thinning is a fixed fruit, generally leaving one fruit every 2 to 4 leaves, leaving more fruit on strong branches, less fruit on weak branches, and removing wilt, yellow fruit, insect pests and deformities.