Matters needing attention in family culture of gardenia

Matters needing attention in family culture of gardenia

Gardenia: gardenia is an evergreen shrub or small tree. There are four kinds of gardenia: (1) Gardenia jasminoides, also known as Gardenia jasminoides. Large leaves, long oval, large flowers, mostly double, strong fragrance. (2) Fructus Gardeniae, also known as sparrow tongue flower. The plant type is short, the flower is small, double, fragrance is very strong. (3) Gardenia jasminoides with egg leaves, small leaves, Obovate, single small white flower, light and elegant fragrance. (4) Walnut Gardenia jasminoides, the leaf is large, ovate, the leaf vein is obviously prominent, the flower shape is large, and the fragrance is light.

Gardenia like warm, humid climate, not cold-resistant; in the south of the Yangtze River can be overwintered in the road, the north are potted, winter moved into the indoor winter. Like light, but also resistant to shade; when the summer sunshine is strong, it is appropriate to keep it in a semi-shady place. The leaves should be sprayed with water frequently. If the strong light, high temperature and too much watering, when these three factors are combined, it is most likely to cause yellow leaves, or even cause the death of the whole plant. Gardenia likes fertile, loose and well-drained slightly acidic sandy soil.

Matters needing attention in raising Gardenia in families in North China

Gardenia is a kind of flower that many flower friends like very much, but in the north of our country, many flower friends do not know how to raise gardenia well. In fact, gardenia is more cold-resistant, semi-overcast, afraid of stagnant water, requires loose, fertile and acidic sandy loam.

Gardenia

Gardenia requires greater air humidity, the northern family can put water in the basin pad, and put a thin plate (about 3 cm), the water in the basin is not over the thin plate is appropriate, the flowerpot can be put on the thin plate, should pay attention to often add water. The principle of watering is dry and thoroughly watered with Rain Water, snow water or fermented rice water. If it is tap water, it should be placed for 2 to 3 days before use. Water containing 0.2% ferrous sulfate or apply alum fertilizer water every 7 to 10 days during the growing period. Gardenia in summer should be maintained in places with scattered light under the tree shade, and often watering and foliar spraying in early spring, summer and autumn to increase humidity. Winter should be placed in the sun, stop fertilization, watering should not be too much, you can often use water close to room temperature to irrigate branches and leaves to keep the leaves clean, especially in rooms with heating in the north. Do not put the flowerpot on the front of the radiator or air conditioner to avoid dehydration of the leaves.

Cultivation methods and matters needing attention of potted Gardenia jasminoides

Gardenia is a common home breeding plant, evergreen all the year round, fragrant and elegant flowers, particularly beautiful and lovely, is a home plant that many people like to breed. So how to raise the potted gardenia at home? The following is a detailed introduction of gardenia culture methods and matters needing attention.

Introduction of Gardenia

Gardenia, also known as Gardenia, originated in China, mainly distributed in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan and other places. Gardenia leaves are evergreen all the year round, flowers are fragrant and elegant, green leaves and white flowers are particularly beautiful and lovely. It is suitable for front steps, poolside and roadside configurations, and grows well in patio, courtyard, shade or potted plants. It can also be used for flower hedges and potted plants, and flowers can also be used for flower arrangement and decoration. Gardenia likes warm, humid and sunny environment, more cold-resistant, semi-overcast, afraid of stagnant water, and requires loose, fertile and acidic sandy loam.

How to grow gardenia in potted plants

I. Propagation mode of gardenia

Cutting method

The branches of Gardenia jasminoides are easy to take root, the warm ground in the south is often in March-October, and the north is often cut in May-June, cutting sturdy mature branches and planting them on the sand bed. As long as they are often kept moist, they are very easy to take root and survive. Water insertion is far better than soil insertion, with a survival rate of nearly 100% from April to July. Cut cuttings retain only the top 2 leaves and terminal buds in containers filled with clear water, often change water to avoid incision decay, and begin to take root after 3 weeks.

Strip pressing method

It is generally carried out before and after the Qingming Festival in April or in the Meiyu season. In April, one-year-old strong branches are selected from the 3-year-old mother plant, which are 25cm long and 30cm long. They are pulled to the ground, and the buried parts of the branches are scratched. If they can be dipped in 200ppm powder acetic acid and then covered with soil compaction, it is easier to take root. If there are trigeminal branches, you can get three seedlings at the fork at a time. Generally, it can take root after 20-30 days, can be separated from the mother plant after rooting in June, and can be planted separately with soil or a single plant in the next spring.

Spring is the best way to transplant seedlings or potted plants, and it is necessary to bring soil balls in the rainy season. Keep the soil moist during the growing period, and water more during flowering and midsummer. Fertilize once a month and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before flowering. Pruning and shaping in the early spring of the following year, and cut off dead branches and long branches in time.

Sowing method

Generally choose full, dark red ripe fruit, even shell sun or dry as a seed, before sowing, use scissors to cut the seed pericarp, dig out the seed, rub in hot water to disperse, remove floating seeds or impurities, and then remove the sunken full seed, spread it on the bamboo mat, put it in a ventilated place to dry too much moisture. Generally choose Xiangyang hillside or Tufang, the soil layer is deep, loose and fertile sandy loam sowing, you can use the field edge corner planting, or interplanting with legumes. Before planting, plough the land 1 to 1.5 feet, remove miscellaneous trees, set up the border according to the width of 4 to 5 feet (the soil quality is better, the distance can be larger, otherwise it is smaller), the border is 6 inches high, and soil manure, green manure or human and animal manure can be used as base fertilizer, for example, 20,30 piculs of human manure per mu should be applied, and the soil should be raked after the soil is dried to level the border surface. Sow the ditch at a distance of 6 to 7 inches on the border surface, and the ditch is about 1 inch deep to be sown.

Gardenia can be sowed in spring or autumn, generally in spring, spring sowing before and after Rain Water, autumn sowing before and after the Autumn Equinox, seeds mixed with fire ash evenly sown in the sowing ditch, and then cover the flat sowing ditch with fine soil or fiery soil, cover the grass with water, and often keep the soil moist to facilitate seedling emergence, with seeds of 4 kilograms per mu. After emergence, we should pay attention to remove the cover grass in time, weed frequently in the seedling stage, be careful not to hurt the roots of the seedlings, need to dilute human feces and urine after weeding, and can be transplanted after raising seedlings for one year. If the transportation is far away, it is appropriate to use yellow mud slurry root, cover grass to moisturize, plant one plant in each hole, cover soil, compaction, and sprinkle water. After planting, weeding and topdressing is applied once every spring and summer, which can be applied to human and animal manure, barnyard manure, compost, cake fertilizer and so on. Before flowering in summer, it is better to apply fertilizer with more phosphorus and potassium content, and fertilization is generally carried out after weeding and loosening the soil.

2. Culture methods of potted gardenia.

1. Soil selection

Gardenia jasminoides is an acid-loving flower with a suitable pH value of 5 to 6. If the soil acidity is not suitable, it will get twice the result with half the effort in the future management. Cultivation soil can choose rotten leaf soil, peat soil or retting sawdust plus half of the garden soil, avoid using old wall soil and cinder, with the market of gentleman orchid soil is more convenient and practical. For example, alkali in soil, water and fertilizer makes the plant unable to absorb iron, thus affecting the formation of chlorophyll, withering branches, scorching leaves, and even death.

2. Methods of reproduction

Cuttings and striping propagation are commonly used. Cuttings, which are 15 hundred meters long with twigs in the rainy season, are planted in the seedbed and take root in 10-12 days. In April, biennial branches were selected, 20-25 cm long, buried in the soil, kept moist, rooting for about 30 days, separated from the mother plant in summer, and planted in the following spring. Transplant seedlings or potted plants, spring is better, in the plum rain season, need to bring soil balls. Keep the soil moist during the growing period, and water more during flowering and midsummer. Fertilize once a month and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before flowering. Pruning and shaping in the early spring of the following year, and cut off dead branches and long branches in time. Related recommendation: propagation method of Gardenia jasminoides

3. Upper basin

The pot of gardenia jasminoides should be planted around April, and the pot soil should be loose and slightly acidic. After planting, pour enough water, put it in the outdoor semi-shady place, usually pay attention to watering and foliar spray, after taking the basin for about 15 days, turn to normal maintenance.

Daily maintenance and matters needing attention of potted Gardenia

1. Watering

How to water gardenia culture

Gardenia likes moist soil and high air humidity. Keep the soil moist during the growth period from April to September. The surface of the basin soil is watered when it is dry, and a spray can be used to pour water on the leaf surface at night. If it is dry and wilted, it will be bad for growth. If the growth is too prosperous and the internodes are longer, they will not be watered in the evening and will be watered again when the sun comes out in the morning. In the area of alkaline water in the north, tap water should be kept for two days before use. Every three or five days, add 0.5 grams of citric acid and 1 gram of ferrous sulfate to water once per liter to make the leaves oily and green.

2. Fertilization

In May, topdressing fertilizer in time, applying nitrogen and phosphorus integrated fertilizer for 1 to 2 times. At the same time, pay attention to the basin soil should not be too wet, avoid poor drainage or stagnant water after rain, otherwise it will cause leaves or buds rot and can not blossom. Gardenia like fertilizer, it is appropriate to apply fermented bean cake, sesame sauce dregs, peanut bran and other fertilizers, after fermentation can be acidic, but must be thin fertilizer, avoid thick fertilizer, raw fertilizer, do not apply fertilizer during hibernation. If you have been planting for less than three years, do not give human faeces and urine. Too much nitrogen fertilizer will result in thick branches, large leaves, thick green, but no flowering. Lack of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer will also appear the phenomenon of non-flowering or bud withering and shedding.

3. Lighting

Gardenia likes shade and must not be exposed to the hot sun, but some people often mistakenly think that gardenia requires full shade, resulting in mistakes in cultivation. In fact, while paying attention to cultivating its shady environment, it is necessary to maintain 60% light throughout the day in order to meet its growth needs. Summer and autumn to prevent the hot sun exposure, lest the leaves withered, affecting the ornamental. Thin fertilizer is applied once every 10-15 days in April, and you can't water too much with buds. This flower is afraid of waterlogging, and its leaves turn black as soon as it is waterlogged.

4. Humidity

Like humidity, if the air humidity is less than 70%, it will directly affect flower bud differentiation and bud growth, but too wet will cause root rot and branch withering, leaf yellow shedding phenomenon. In addition to normal watering, foliar and nearby ground should be sprayed with clean water frequently to increase air humidity appropriately. Don't pour too much water when you have a bud, or it will cause buds to fall. It is necessary to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and thinning buds to prevent falling buds. Generally, when you see the soil dry, you use your hand to flick the earthen pot (like a watermelon). When you hear the empty sound of Dangdang, you water it until the bottom is leaking. The water is watered with the tap water of the previous day and left for a day and a night. The water is mixed with rice water, lemon peel, broken bones, eggs, soy milk and other rotten upper layer fat water, which is a little smelly, but it will disperse after a while. Or put the rice panning water for a few days, turn sour and pour it on the roots.

5. Temperature

Liking temperature: 18 ℃ to 22 ℃ in the growing period, 5 ℃ to 10 ℃ in the overwintering period, and freezing if the temperature is lower than-10 ℃.

6. Placement of potted plants

Gardenia likes semi-shade, potted plants should be placed in semi-shady place to maintain, avoid summer sun exposure. Winter should be appropriate anti-freezing to keep warm, placed in the south, shelter, warm balcony or greenhouse for the winter.

7. Timely pruning

Gardenia needs pruning at the right time.

Gardenia jasminoides has strong sprouting power, easy to overlap branches, airtight and dispersed nutrition. In normal shape, three main branches should be selected according to the shape of the tree, and other branches sprouting from root tillers should be cut off at any time. After the flowers fade, the branches should be truncated in time to promote the germination of new branches under the cut mouth. Pick the heart after the new branch grows three nodes to avoid growing blindly.

8. Change the basin soil at the right time

The seedlings are planted in small pots and gradually replaced into large pots. When the crown width is 2 to 3 times the caliber of the basin, it is time to change the basin. The growing season can be changed at any time. After pouring the basin, even the soil block is planted into the new basin, the caliber is about 5 centimeters larger than the original basin. Family potted plants when the pot reaches about 28 cm, generally no longer change the pot but only change the pot soil. It is better to change soil in March in spring. After pouring the basin, cut off part of the old roots, shake off half of the old soil, plant the new soil into the basin and pour water into the pot, put it in a warm semi-shady place, and keep it in the sun when new buds sprout.

9. Winter dormancy

Gardenia can survive the winter in the open field in Qinling Mountains of China, but the root system of potted gardenia will be damaged after severe winter and recover slowly in spring. In the indoor with heating, although it is not damaged by freezing, the light is insufficient and the growth is thin. Most of the young buds formed in autumn fall off and blossom late in the second year. The better way is to put the potted flowers in a cold room of about 5 ℃ to make them dormant, or wrap the flowerpots with foam and other thermal insulation materials to protect the roots, and put them in the leeward and sunny place to overwinter, which can recover quickly in spring and bloom early.

10. Prevent yellowing

There are four causes: iron deficiency in ①. Soil contains too much calcareous, alkali, phosphorus, manganese, etc., which will affect the absorption of iron by plants, affect the formation of chlorophyll, make the veins of tender leaves green, spread throughout the leaves, and can be applied with 1 inch 500 ferrous sulfate or 0.2% black alum water, once every 10 days. ② is magnesium deficient. Acid red soil and excessive potassium and ammonium are prone to magnesium deficiency, which makes the veins of the old leaves in the lower part of the plant green and yellow, which can be sprayed with 1% to 2% magnesium sulfate solution, but excessive application of magnesium will cause calcium deficiency and hinder the development of xylem in roots and stems. ③ basin soil is too wet or too dry. ④ is exposed to the sun in summer.

11. Diseases and insect pests

Leaf spot disease and chlorosis often occur. Leaf spot disease is sprayed 600 times with 65% Dysen zinc wettable powder, and 0.1% ferrous sulfate solution is regularly added to watering to prevent chlorosis. The insect pests are harmed by stinging moths, shell insects and whiteflies, which are sprayed with 2.5% EC 3000 times and 40% omethoate EC 1500 times to kill shell insects and whiteflies.