Three key points in the Management of potted Orchid Culture

The so-called "three elements" are the cultivation of soil, water and fertilizer. (1) cultivated soil. Orchid is a perennial root plant, which requires soil rich in humus, fertile and loose, pH 5.5 to 6.5. Pot culture soil was piled with rotten leaf soil, yellow mud, sawdust, pig and cow manure and certain compound chemical fertilizer, then used after full ripening, and sterilized by sunlight before potting. (2) watering flowers without hard water and polluted water. Orchids are most afraid of waterlogging, but also afraid of drought, appropriate watering, it is appropriate to keep the basin soil moist, to ensure the coordination of water and fertilizer. Usually use Amoy rice water to mature and irrigate, not only for nourishment, but also for water, which is beneficial to the growth of orchids. (3) Scientific topdressing should be carried out on the basis of preparing fertile and high quality culture soil. The soaking solution of grass and other plants, such as stem and leaf, watermelon peel, fruit shell and bean cake, has the best effect. The application of potassium fertilizer such as plant ash is beneficial to the growth of orchids. The three elements have good matrix, strong growth of orchid seedlings, enhanced stress resistance, glossy leaves and bright flowers.

Second, to prevent rotten orchids from weak roots, improper fertilizer and water management, easy rotting roots, wilting and yellowing of branches and leaves, and even plant death. To prevent rotten roots, one is to strictly prevent waterlogging in the basin, and the other is to find rotten roots of yellow leaves and change the basin in time. The orchid plant was poured out of the basin, cut off the rotten roots, washed with clean water, soaked in 500 times potassium permanganate solution for several hours, re-planted in the pot with aseptic new culture soil, put in a cool place to promote new roots. If the rotting root is serious, after root cutting and disinfection, soak the root with 2% to 4% sodium borate solution or acetic acid rooting powder solution for 4 hours, fake plant in fine sand, send out new root, and then transplant it into the basin.

Third, flowering period three do not prolong the flowering period of orchids, flowering management should be "three no": ① do not apply fertilizer. Generally stop fertilizing when the flower buds show color to prevent the petals from withering early. Do not bask in the ②. Orchids like semi-shade, every day to maintain enough scattered light to prevent direct light, especially in the flowering period to put cool and ventilated places to prevent flowers from dying early. Do not move the root of ③. Do not change the pot, ramet, do not move the root, appropriate watering to keep moist, maintain the normal absorption and metabolism of the root system, prevent flowers from dying early, and prolong the viewing period.

Key points of culture of potted orchids in October

It is another golden season for the growth of orchids in a year because of the crisp autumn in October, the appropriate temperature in most parts of China and the large temperature difference between day and night, so it is necessary to apply comprehensive fertilizer according to the actual situation of orchid seedlings. More phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to robust orchid seedlings to enhance their ability to keep out the cold and lay a solid foundation for early germination and strong sprouting in the coming year; for orchids sprouting in autumn, organic fertilizer with full nutrients should be applied to meet the various nutrients needed for the growth of orchids. Urge it to grow strong before winter comes. But in principle, fertilization should be stopped at the end of the month.

Let the orchids bask in the sun

This month, Cold Dew and Frosts Descent have two seasons, the sun is soft, there is no need for shade during the day, you can rest assured that orchids can receive full-day light, which is very good for promoting orchid growth, enhancing orchid plant resistance and safe winter.

Increase the humidity of the orchid room

The precipitation this month is small, the air humidity is low, and the plant in the basin is easy to dry, so we should pay attention to increase the air humidity of the orchid room to prevent the orchid leaf from withering and scorching. Areas with good air quality can be drenched in autumn rain, but should be sheltered in case of continuous rain. Do not let orchid plants be drenched in the rain for a long time to prevent waterlogged roots and orchid leaves from breeding black spot.

Pay attention to extreme weather and prevent frost

If extreme weather occurs later this month, there may be early frost in the south of the Yangtze River, and the temperature in the temperate and high cold regions of the north will sometimes be below 0 ℃. Outdoor orchid farmers should pay attention to watch the weather forecast and do a good job of frost prevention and frost prevention at any time.

Combined with turning the pot, carry on the orchid trade.

Most of the orchid plants are mature this month, which is the best time to introduce varieties, turn pots, split plants and change materials in a year. If a full pot of mature orchid seedlings needs to be turned, this work had better be completed before the end of the month; if the new grass is not fully grown, it is best to postpone turning the pot to facilitate its continued growth until next spring. Introduction is the first step in orchid cultivation. It is crucial to make a good start and take a good step, but we must pay attention to the following problems. First, strict quality control, do not introduce sick seedlings. Lanyou needs to open his eyes when introducing and shut out the sick orchid in accordance with the principle of quality first. Orchid seedlings can be divided into strong grass, medium grass and weak grass, and there is a big difference in price. Skilled orchids can properly introduce small and medium-sized grasses, which can not only save money, but also improve their own skills; beginners of orchids had better introduce native species with strong adaptability to grow strong grass, although the price is high, but it is relatively easy to grow. The second is to strictly control the environment and improve the success rate. The environment of orchid cultivation must be considered in the introduction of orchids, which has a great influence on the success rate after introduction. Orchid friends with modern orchid cultivation facilities and superior conditions can boldly introduce greenhouse seedlings; orchid friends with simple facilities had better be introduced from orchid friends with similar orchid cultivation environment, and they have a greater chance of success. Generally speaking, the orchid raised by the introduction family balcony is the safest, the adaptability is the strongest and the success rate is the highest. The third is to close Lanyou strictly to ensure that the goods are authentic. The team of orchid friends is a mixture of fish and dragons, in order to avoid being deceived, it is best to go to the well-known integrity orchid home in person to buy, although the price is high, but the goods are genuine. Never try to be cheap and buy from illegal orchid vendors who don't know the details, so as not to be deceived and lose all your money.

Thinning buds and promoting strength

This month, most buds of strong grass should be thinned in accordance with the principle of removing the weak and staying strong, all the buds issued by the old grass should be removed, and only the strongest buds issued by the former dragons should be left, and the rest should also be removed so that the flowers will bloom in the coming year.

Culture methods of potted orchids: introduction to growth habits, cultivation and maintenance

1 the history of orchids

Orchids have a long history of cultivation in China, with a history of thousands of years. It has been cultivated all over the country, especially in the southwest and Taiwan. It has the reputation of "the best fragrance in the world" and "fragrant beauty". Orchid blossoms are plain and clean, soft and elegant, fragrant and pleasant, and are unique personified flowers in the world.

Orchid is one of the oldest precious flowers in China. The aroma of orchids is clear but not turbid, and its fragrance is mellow, elegant, intriguing and persistent. The orchid is elegant in color, dignified and elegant in appearance, green all the year round, slender, firm and soft, elegant and elegant. As early as the Spring and Autumn period in China, Gou Jian, the king of Yue, planted large tracts of orchids in the mountains of Zhejiang.

2. Ecological habits of orchids.

Orchidaceae, perennial evergreen herb. Roots fascicled, fleshy, cylindrical. Leaves linear, leathery. In early spring, there are many flowering stems between leaves, with 1 flower at the top of each stem, with yellowish green flowers and delicate fragrance. There are many cultivation types and many chimes. It is one of the potted ornamental plants with a long history in China.

Wild in the east, central and south, southwest of China, under the shade of hillside trees.

Like a warm, well-ventilated, humid environment. It is suitable to be cultivated in slightly acidic soil with rich organic fertilizer and good drainage, and has strong cold resistance.

3The main points of orchid cultivation.

3.1 during cultivation, it is necessary to consider that the root system of orchid is relatively well developed. according to the requirement of hydrophobic ventilation habit of orchid, the flowerpot selected by orchid is more special than the general flowerpot. Should choose the texture is coarse, the beautiful glaze, the bottom edge is more empty, has the basin foot "orchid pot" to raise "orchid" is better. The "orchid pot" is generally large and small, with a deep bottom, like a mouth-up trumpet. There are water holes at the bottom, and there are many small water holes in the lower part of the basin for the purpose of making the roots of orchids more breathable. Newly planted orchids are best planted in tile "orchid pots". After being cultivated for more than 1 year, the new root can not be moved to the beautiful purple sand "orchid pot" until the new root develops normally.

3.2 the key to growing orchids with sandy soil and humus soil lies in the use of soil. Orchids are semi-airroot flowers, which must use acidic soil containing humus and good air permeability. The mountain mud in which orchids grow in mountain areas has a better cultivation effect. Orchid soil can also be prepared by using 70% sandy loam and 30% coarse-grained humus. After blending, it can only be used after stacking for more than 3 years.

3.3 pay attention to the maintenance of wild orchid roots newly dug from the mountain, the new roots of wild orchids have not been sent, and there are more roots broken, first clear the soil from the roots, wash them with clean water, and cut off the withered and scorched leaves. For leaves infected with disease and insect spots, the disease spots should be cut off mercilessly. In addition, the rotten and yellow old roots should be cut off. If the orchid is not fully rooted, the old root and root core without root tip should be retained. It is best to mix the orchid plant with 600x solution of "killing" or "disinfecting alum" or medical "penicillin" and "streptomycin". Each bottle of injection powder is dissolved in 2.5 kg water, soak in the solution for 2 hours, then remove and rinse. Drying the orchid root in the sun can activate the vitality of the orchid plant, make the orchid root soft, easy to straighten out, not easy to break, and easy to put on the basin. In order to prevent the orchid leaves from drying, the orchid leaves can be shaded by the sun, which can be illuminated for about 2 hours.

3.4 it should not be watered too much. Orchids are terrestrial plants that like moisturizing and waterlogging. Many beginners, for fear of lack of water, ended up watering too much water and rotting away the fleshy roots of orchids. The watering principle of Tupi orchids is "better dry than wet", as long as the orchid soil is kept moist. On the contrary, orchids cultivated in soilless culture are "better wet than dry".

Orchids do not have high requirements for moisture, and should be dry rather than wet. In January and February, once every 7 days; in March and April, once every 3 to 4 days; in May, once every 2 days; in June, once a day; in July and August, once every 3 days; from September to December, from twice a day to once a week, and be careful not to get caught in the rain.

Acid-base test paper can be bought at the pharmacy to test the water quality. For those with insufficient acidity, you can add some salt and rice vinegar to the water to adjust it. Orchid watering is very knowledgeable, who should be watered at the edge of the basin. Summer season should be watered in the early morning or evening, avoid watering at noon, the amount of water should not be too large. Generally watering once a week, watering twice a week in summer, watering will lead to orchid root diseases and insect pests. Especially in the continuous rainy weather, the potted soil should be dry rather than wet, and the dry pot is beneficial to the orchid to produce new leaves.

Orchids should be exposed to sunlight from March to the first and middle of April. From late April, after 09:00, orchids should not be exposed to the sun. Spring orchids should be exposed to 2 hours per day, and should be shaded early every day from June to September. Shading can be postponed after October.

3.6.The newly planted orchids should not be fertilized until the new roots grow 2 cm long. generally, the new roots grow for about 2 months, and some people advocate that they should be cultivated for 1 year or 2 years before fertilization. The fertilizer of orchid can be prepared by ourselves. the method is to use 4 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of bean cake and 6 parts of bone meal, mix them well, store them in a container and add water step by step, and dilute them after fermentation for one year.