The basic knowledge of how to make Pushu bonsai

(i) Botanical knowledge

Belong to Ulmaceae, Park tree is. Deciduous trees, bark coarse, gray-black, indehiscent. Single leaf alternate, ovate long elliptic or broad ovate, base oblique bias, 3 veins, leaf margin above the middle serrate, surface dark green, back light green. The flowers are polygamous and monoecious, male flowers are born in the lower part of the new branch, bisexual flowers are solitary or 2~3 are clustered in the upper leaf axils of the new branch, the flower shape is small, light green. Drupe subglobose, orange-yellow or orange-red when ripe, usually solitary or in pairs, stipe subequal to petiole. The flowering period is from April to May and the fruiting period is from September to October.

Park tree produced in the Huaihe River Basin, south of Qinling Mountains, south to Guangdong, Guangxi and other provinces, for subtropical tree species. It is mostly scattered in plain and low mountain areas.

Likes light, suitable for warm and humid climate, suitable for being born in fertile flat land. The soil requirements are not strict, there is a certain ability to withstand drought, but also moisture and poor soil, adaptability is strong.

(b) Material selection and cultivation measures

Farming: Celtis is usually cultivated by seeding. The seeds mature in 9~10 months, and the fruits are reddish brown. They should be harvested in time, spread in the shade, remove impurities, and mix with sand for storage. Sowing in March of the following spring, seed treatment should be carried out before sowing, breaking seed shell with wooden stick, or scratching outer seed coat with sand before sowing, which is conducive to seed germination. Seedbed soil to loose fertile, good drainage of sandy loam is good, after sowing covered with a layer of fine soil about 2 cm thick, and then covered with straw, irrigation once permeable, about 10 days after germination can begin, wait for emergence, timely uncovering grass. Seedling to do a good job of conservation and management, pay attention to loose soil, weeding, topdressing, and appropriate thinning seedlings, the annual seedlings can be as high as 30~40 cm. The young saplings for cultivating potted plants of Celtis sinensis should pay attention to pruning and shaping,"suppressing the top and promoting the side," controlling the height growth of saplings, promoting the trunk thickening and lateral branch growth, so as to facilitate the processing and modeling of the upper pot.

Mountain mining: Celtis sinensis is commonly distributed wild beside hills and valleys in the Yangtze River Basin and its south areas. Old sprouting piles with ancient and strange posture after years of felling can be mined for "embryo cultivation." After pruning, promote root development, sprout new branches, and then model cultivation, 1~2 years later, and then on the pot processing, can be made in a relatively short period of time vigorous and simple potted plant.

(3) The process of upper basin

Selection basin: Park tree bonsai to quaint good, appropriate with purple sand pottery basin or glazed pottery basin, basin shape to rectangular, square or oval as well, according to the tree shape. As Park tree leaves dense, dark green leaf color, bark grayish brown, rough, so the basin color to light yellow or ochre brown is better, play a contrast role.

With soil: Celtis tree does not choose soil, adaptability is strong, and in fertile loose, good drainage sandy loam growth is better. Bonsai cultivation is generally mixed with pastoral soil sand or chaff ash prepared culture soil.

Planting: It should be done after autumn or before spring germination. When planting, the roots should be properly trimmed, too long taproots should be cut off, more lateral roots and fibrous roots should be left, and loose fertile soil should be reserved. At the same time, the branches and leaves should be properly thinned. If planted in medium and shallow pots, the roots must be fixed to the bottom of the pot with metal wires to avoid lodging.

(iv) Posture adjustment techniques

Processing: The modeling of Park Tree is mostly coarse-cut and fine-cut, while the processing of large tree shape of Lingnan School adopts pruning method completely, imitating Lingnan painting techniques, paying attention to cutting skills, storing branches and cutting trunks, and paying attention to the overall composition effect. The pile scene processed and formed can maintain a beautiful shape whether it is when the branches and leaves are lush or when the leaves fall in winter.

Tree shape: Park tree bonsai suitable for making straight dry, inclined dry, curved dry, lying dry or attached stone type and other forms. Branches and leaves can be tied into pieces or trimmed into steamed bun shaped discs, or processed into natural trees.

Basics-Making potted plants

(i) Knowledge of botany

Belong to Ulmaceae, Park tree is. Deciduous trees, bark coarse, gray-black, indehiscent. Single leaf alternate, ovate long elliptic or broad ovate, base oblique bias, 3 veins, leaf margin above the middle serrate, surface dark green, back light green. The flowers are polygamous and monoecious, male flowers are born in the lower part of the new branch, bisexual flowers are solitary or 2~3 are clustered in the upper leaf axils of the new branch, the flower shape is small, light green. Drupe subglobose, orange-yellow or orange-red when ripe, usually solitary or in pairs, stipe subequal to petiole. The flowering period is from April to May and the fruiting period is from September to October.

Park tree produced in the Huaihe River Basin, south of Qinling Mountains, south to Guangdong, Guangxi and other provinces, for subtropical tree species. It is mostly scattered in plain and low mountain areas.

Likes light, suitable for warm and humid climate, suitable for being born in fertile flat land. The soil requirements are not strict, there is a certain ability to withstand drought, but also moisture and poor soil, adaptability is strong.

(2) Material selection and cultivation measures

Farming: Celtis is usually cultivated by seeding. The seeds mature in 9~10 months, and the fruits are reddish brown. They should be harvested in time, spread in the shade, remove impurities, and mix with sand for storage. Sowing in March of the following spring, seed treatment should be carried out before sowing, breaking seed shell with wooden stick, or scratching outer seed coat with sand before sowing, which is conducive to seed germination. Seedbed soil to loose fertile, good drainage of sandy loam is good, after sowing covered with a layer of fine soil about 2 cm thick, and then covered with straw, irrigation once permeable, about 10 days after germination can begin, wait for emergence, timely uncovering grass. Seedling to do a good job of conservation and management, pay attention to loose soil, weeding, topdressing, and appropriate thinning seedlings, the annual seedlings can be as high as 30~40 cm. The young saplings for cultivating potted plants of Celtis sinensis should pay attention to pruning and shaping,"suppressing the top and promoting the side," controlling the height growth of saplings, promoting the trunk thickening and lateral branch growth, so as to facilitate the processing and modeling of the upper pot.

Mountain mining: Celtis sinensis is commonly distributed wild beside hills and valleys in the Yangtze River Basin and its south areas. Old sprouting piles with ancient and strange posture after years of felling can be mined for "embryo cultivation." After pruning, promote root development, sprout new branches, and then model cultivation, 1~2 years later, and then on the pot processing, can be made in a relatively short period of time vigorous and simple potted plant.

(3) The process of basin

Selection basin: Park tree bonsai to quaint good, appropriate with purple sand pottery basin or glazed pottery basin, basin shape to rectangular, square or oval as well, according to the tree shape. As Park tree leaves dense, dark green leaf color, bark grayish brown, rough, so the basin color to light yellow or ochre brown is better, play a contrast role.

With soil: Celtis tree does not choose soil, adaptability is strong, and in fertile loose, good drainage sandy loam growth is better. Bonsai cultivation is generally mixed with pastoral soil sand or chaff ash prepared culture soil.

Planting: It should be done after autumn or before spring germination. When planting, the roots should be properly trimmed, too long taproots should be cut off, more lateral roots and fibrous roots should be left, and loose fertile soil should be reserved. At the same time, the branches and leaves should be properly thinned. If planted in medium and shallow pots, the roots must be fixed to the bottom of the pot with metal wires to avoid lodging.

(4) Posture adjustment technology

Processing: The modeling of Park Tree is mostly coarse-cut and fine-cut, while the processing of large tree shape of Lingnan School adopts pruning method completely, imitating Lingnan painting techniques, paying attention to cutting skills, storing branches and cutting trunks, and paying attention to the overall composition effect. The pile scene processed and formed can maintain a beautiful shape whether it is when the branches and leaves are lush or when the leaves fall in winter.

Tree shape: Park tree bonsai suitable for making straight dry, inclined dry, curved dry, lying dry or attached stone type and other forms. Branches and leaves can be tied into pieces or trimmed into steamed bun shaped discs, or processed into natural trees.

Basics-making potted plants of Celtis sinensis (Picture)

(i) Knowledge of botany

Belong to Ulmaceae, Park tree is. Deciduous trees, bark coarse, gray-black, indehiscent. Single leaf alternate, ovate long elliptic or broad ovate, base oblique bias, 3 veins, leaf margin above the middle serrate, surface dark green, back light green. The flowers are polygamous and monoecious, male flowers are born in the lower part of the new branch, bisexual flowers are solitary or 2~3 are clustered in the upper leaf axils of the new branch, the flower shape is small, light green. Drupe subglobose, orange-yellow or orange-red when ripe, usually solitary or in pairs, stipe subequal to petiole. The flowering period is from April to May and the fruiting period is from September to October.

Park tree produced in the Huaihe River Basin, south of Qinling Mountains, south to Guangdong, Guangxi and other provinces, for subtropical tree species. It is mostly scattered in plain and low mountain areas.

Likes light, suitable for warm and humid climate, suitable for being born in fertile flat land. The soil requirements are not strict, there is a certain ability to withstand drought, but also moisture and poor soil, adaptability is strong.

(2) Material selection and cultivation measures

Artificial propagation: Celtis trees are usually propagated by sowing. The seeds mature in 9~10 months, and the fruits are reddish brown. They should be harvested in time, spread in the shade, remove impurities, and mix with sand for storage. Sowing in March of the following spring, seed treatment should be carried out before sowing, breaking seed shell with wooden stick, or scratching outer seed coat with sand before sowing, which is conducive to seed germination. Seedbed soil to loose fertile, good drainage of sandy loam is good, after sowing covered with a layer of fine soil about 2 cm thick, and then covered with straw, irrigation once permeable, about 10 days after germination can begin, wait for emergence, timely uncovering grass. Seedling to do a good job of conservation and management, pay attention to loose soil, weeding, topdressing, and appropriate thinning seedlings, the annual seedlings can be as high as 30~40 cm. The young saplings for cultivating potted plants of Celtis sinensis should pay attention to pruning and shaping,"suppressing the top and promoting the side," controlling the height growth of saplings, promoting the trunk thickening and lateral branch growth, so as to facilitate the processing and modeling of the upper pot.

Mountain mining: Celtis sinensis is commonly distributed wild beside hills and valleys in the Yangtze River Basin and its south areas. Old sprouting piles with ancient and strange posture after years of felling can be mined for "embryo cultivation." After pruning, promote root development, sprout new branches, and then model cultivation, 1~2 years later, and then on the pot processing, can be made in a relatively short period of time vigorous and simple potted plant.

(3) The process of basin

Selection basin: Park tree bonsai to quaint good, appropriate with purple sand pottery basin or glazed pottery basin, basin shape to rectangular, square or oval as well, according to the tree shape. As Park tree leaves dense, dark green leaf color, bark grayish brown, rough, so the basin color to light yellow or ochre brown is better, play a contrast role.

With soil: Celtis tree does not choose soil, adaptability is strong, and in fertile loose, good drainage sandy loam growth is better. Bonsai cultivation is generally mixed with pastoral soil sand or chaff ash prepared culture soil.

Planting: It should be done after autumn or before spring germination. When planting, the roots should be properly trimmed, too long taproots should be cut off, more lateral roots and fibrous roots should be left, and loose fertile soil should be reserved. At the same time, the branches and leaves should be properly thinned. If planted in medium and shallow pots, the roots must be fixed to the bottom of the pot with metal wires to avoid lodging.

(4) Posture adjustment technology

Processing: The modeling of Park Tree is mostly coarse-cut and fine-cut, while the processing of large tree shape of Lingnan School adopts pruning method completely, imitating Lingnan painting techniques, paying attention to cutting skills, storing branches and cutting trunks, and paying attention to the overall composition effect. The pile scene processed and formed can maintain a beautiful shape whether it is when the branches and leaves are lush or when the leaves fall in winter.

Tree shape: Park tree bonsai suitable for making straight dry, inclined dry, curved dry, lying dry or attached stone type and other forms. Branches and leaves can be tied into pieces or trimmed into steamed bun shaped discs, or processed into natural trees.

(Reporter unknown)