Techniques and daily maintenance methods of family planting and cultivation of bergamot

Bergamot, also known as bergamot, Wuzhi orange, bergamot citron, belongs to small evergreen trees or shrubs belonging to citrus in Rutaceae. Originating from China and India, bergamot is a valuable fruit flower and medicinal plant, and it is also one of the famous ornamental fruit flowers in China.

Bergamot, plant height 1-2 meters, evergreen, branches and leaves gray-green, twigs and new leaves with purplish red, with short hard spines, fragrance. Simple leaves alternate, short stalk, no arrow leaves, leathery. Leaves elliptic, apex obtusely rounded, with transparent oil spots, margin undulate serrated. Flowers small, solitary or clustered in leaf axils, white, red, purple and other colors, mostly white, Corolla 5-merous, raceme. It can blossom and bear fruit many times a year. The fruit matures from November to December, the fruit is round or oval, wrinkled, bright yellow and glossy. The tip is cracked, like a finger, the open one is called "open bergamot", and the curled half-grip is called "fist bergamot". Generally blooming in spring, the fruit is called Fuguo, the apex split such as finger, mostly "open bergamot". In summer, there are generally no flowers or few flowers, and the fruit is half-divided and half-closed at the apex. Autumn blossoms, bearing fruit called autumn fruit, the first end such as clenched fist, mostly "fist bergamot". White and purple flower knot for the "open bergamot", autumn fruit for the "boxing bergamot"; safflower fruit whether it is the summer fruit or autumn fruit, mostly for the "boxing bergamot".

Bergamot the Winter Solstice when mature, the fruit is bronzed, aroma, not only has a high ornamental value, but also a kind of stomach, qi-regulating traditional Chinese medicine. Soak tea with bergamot leaves, flowers and fruits to drink, which has the effect of invigorating spleen, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, relaxing muscles and promoting blood circulation.

How to make bergamot grow in good shape?

If bergamot is not well maintained, it is easy to lose leaves, a large number of leaves will directly affect the photosynthesis of plants, resulting in poor flowering, difficult fruit setting, or even no flowering and no fruit. Therefore, in order to raise bergamot well, it is very important to protect leaves.

The bergamot plant should shoot once every spring, summer and autumn, and the spring and summer shoots should be cut off in time. Some of the strong branches of the autumn shoots should be preserved for next year's fruit, and the rest should be cut off so as not to compete with the leaf growth for nutrients. Some bergamot leaves show yellowish green or black brown spots during the growth process, indicating that potassium is deficient in the soil and needs to be applied more potash fertilizer. If bergamot leaves are yellow and glossy, indicating that the soil is alkaline, alum fertilizer water (ferrous sulfate) can be applied once a month to increase soil acidity. If bergamot leaves do not blossom, it means that if there is too much nitrogen fertilizer, you can stop applying nitrogen fertilizer and increase the application of phosphorus fertilizer. If bergamot branches and leaves are not luxuriant, growth is not good, flowers are few and it is not easy to set fruit, it means that nitrogen fertilizer is insufficient and nitrogen fertilizer can be applied more. In addition, attention should be paid to the full application of postharvest fertilizer and budding fertilizer every year, postharvest fertilizer must be carried out in the middle of November, and budding fertilizer must be carried out in the middle of March. If too much budding fertilizer is applied, not only can it not spend more and bear more fruit, but it will give birth to more June shoots and affect fruit setting.

If you want to make bergamot have good fruit setting and beautiful fruit shape, you should also pay attention to protecting the flowers that bloom in spring. Most of the "Fu Guo" from June to August are open bergamot, the front end is cracked such as fingers, the fruit shape is beautiful, the bergamot of white and purple flowers, the Fu fruit is the open hand Buddha, and the autumn fruit is the fist bergamot. The fruit of safflower variety bergamot is boxing bergamot. Variety selection is also important.

How to raise bergamot?

Although bergamot bears fruit, it has no seeds, so it can only continue its offspring through asexual breeding.

The cultivation of bergamot can be done by grafting, cutting and high-altitude striping.

(1) grafting method: including cutting method, scalp grafting method and relying grafting method.

① splicing method: from the end of March to the beginning of April. Choose 6-9 cm long 1-2-year-old twigs as scions, retain 2-3 buds, remove leaves and leave stalks, and cut each side of the lower end of the scion with a knife to make it wedge-shaped. Choose 4-5-year seedlings of Chinese wolfberry or lime as rootstocks, cut the rootstocks 3-6 cm above the ground, and cut down an incision 3 cm deep with slightly xylem on one side of the rootstock. Then insert the scion into the incision, align the forming layer, tie it tightly with hemp fiber, seal the wet soil, and keep it moist. After about 40 days, the scion draws out twigs, and when it grows to 20 cm high, it will dry and start, and the seedlings will be put on the basin.

② scalp grafting method: 2-3-year-old seedlings of Chinese wolfberry or grapefruit were selected as rootstocks and first moved into the basin. Put the pot near the bergamot mother plant. Cut off the trunk of the rootstock 10-15 cm away from the basin, use a knife on the smooth sides of the rootstock, cut one long and one short from the bottom up, cut the long side into a 3 cm long "shield" section, and the short side into a shorter "horseshoe" cut. Take the lower branch of the bergamot mother plant as the scion, cut the slightly xylem part of one end of the scion from the bottom up into a notch slightly longer than the rootstock cut, be careful not to cut off the upper layer of the cut, so that the edge of the skin at the other end of the cut, and remove the woody part of the skin. Then make the rootstock close to the incision of the scion, connect it, let the cortex on the incision cover the short cut of the rootstock, align it into a layer, tie it tightly with hemp fiber, paste it with wet mud, and wrap it with plastic film. After about 40 days, the grafting survived, cut off the mother plant and placed in a cool place for maintenance.

③ grafting method: it is the same as scalp grafting, except that after the grafting survives, the 10 cm-long branches below the interface of the scion are cut off from the mother plant, and then cut into the cutting bed. After taking root at the cutting mouth, cut it off from the lower end of the interface against the joint. In this way, one can be grafted and another cuttage can be obtained.

(2) cutting method: it can be carried out from April to August every year. Choose sturdy branches of bergamot plant as cuttings, cut each section into 12 cm long, retain 4-5 buds, insert 6-8 cm deep into the cutter, expose 2 buds, water reasonably, keep the cutter moist, and take root on the basin for about a month.

(3) High-altitude strip pressing method: it is easy to survive when the temperature is high from May to July every year. Select the exuberant tall branches, draw a knife from the bottom to the upward direction in the appropriate parts, and when it comes to the pulp of the branches, wrap the divided parts into a tube with felt or plastic sheeting, then tie the lower part tightly with a rope, pour wet soil into the tube, and water it every day to keep it moist and maintain it in a cool place. It can take root for about 1 month, cut off and move into the basin for careful maintenance.

Soilless cultivation technique of golden bergamot

Soilless cultivation technique of golden bergamot-- soilless cultivation of golden bergamot is a successful cultivation technique in recent years. Using natural substrate (such as crushed straw, sawdust, peat, peat, sand, etc.) or artificial substrate (such as rock wool, perlite, etc.) instead of soil, or even without any substrate, directly soaking and spraying plant roots with nutrient solution, which is also called nutrient solution cultivation. The soilless cultivation of bergamot can be separated from the soil completely. Compared with the traditional soil cultivation, it has obvious advantages and has a very attractive broad development prospect. However, in addition to the advantages and potential of soilless cultivation of golden bergamot, it also has some disadvantages. For example, soilless cultivation requires not only the management of protective facilities, but also the selection of substrate and the preparation of nutrient solution. The various physical and chemical properties, biological characteristics of different substrates and the ratio of chemical elements in nutrient solution are much more complex than traditional soil tillage, so it is difficult for ordinary farmers to master and apply them comprehensively. Fortunately, Jinhua Jinlin bergamot Development Co., Ltd. has successfully developed an "organic ecological soilless cultivation technology", which hunts the advantages of soilless cultivation, but it is simple and practical, that is, on the premise of ensuring the advantages of soilless cultivation, simplify production technology, reduce production costs, and facilitate popularization and application, as long as planting according to the technical methods provided by Jinlin bergamot Company can be successful.

(1) the advantages of soilless cultivation

1. Without the restriction of land conditions, soilless cultivation has changed the traditional concept and soil farming methods of "living in all things in soil". Crops can be cultivated in unsuitable places such as sand and gravel and barren land. This can not only create economic benefits, but also beautify the environment and purify the air.

two。 The labor intensity is small, the amount of water and fertilizer is reduced, soilless cultivation does not need the cumbersome links in traditional tillage, such as ploughing, weeding, soil disinfection, topdressing and so on, the scale of unit labor management can be greatly increased, and the labor intensity decreases obviously.

3. The number of diseases and insect pests decreased obviously, and soilless cultivation could prevent the occurrence of many kinds of malignant diseases transmitted by soil-borne pathogens, cutting off an important transmission channel of diseases and insect pests; in addition, it artificially improved the rhizosphere micro-environment and promoted the plant to grow healthily, enhanced its own disease resistance, and avoided soil salinization and continuous cropping yield reduction caused by salt accumulation and continuous cropping for many years in soil cultivation.

4. High quality and high yield, all kinds of environmental factors can be controlled artificially. Therefore, it can better coordinate the relationship between aboveground and underground, vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and it is easy to give full play to the potential of high yield. Production and experiments showed that soilless culture not only increased the yield, but also significantly promoted the growth rate of bergamot, and the appearance quality and physicochemical properties of the products were also improved in varying degrees.

5. It is convenient for factory production, and soilless cultivation fully shows that agriculture can produce crops mechanically and automatically, just like industrial production, and plant growth is completely controlled by manual work.

(2) the advantages of soilless cultivation of golden bergamot

The main results are as follows: 1. the production cycle is short, which is one year earlier than that of conventional soil-cultivated bergamot, the profit of the product is very high, which is four times the value of conventional soil-cultivated bergamot, and the output per unit area is high, which is four times that of conventional soil-cultivated bergamot bonsai.

2, easy to carry, easy to pack, unique ornamental, gorgeous after decoration, and can be embellished with some auspicious words (such as: two fruits of bergamot bonsai can be decorated with the words "Fu Shou Shuang Quan", "Dragon and Phoenix present", three fruits "three yuan" and "Samsung Gao Zhao", four fruits "Fu Lu Shou Xi", "four seasons get rich", five fruits "five blessings hold longevity"five blessings" and other auspicious words).

3. The shelf life of bergamot bonsai is 8-10 months longer than that of soil cultivated bergamot bonsai, because the trees of soilless cultivation of bergamot bonsai are in vegetative growth and are very healthy saplings. In addition, after being treated with "kinetin 6-BA" before transportation, it can prevent the production of harmful substances in the process of transportation, promote the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein, and turn yellow fruit green if necessary.

4. Lightweight, the weight only accounts for 1/5 of the soil cultivation (the same volume). The transportation cost is low, but it can carry five times the quantity of goods with the same means of transport.

5, green pollution-free, no fruit, no leaves, suitable for family and elegant places table furnishings. The meaning of "auspicious longevity, attracting wealth and treasure"

(3) Organic ecotype soilless cultivation

Through continuous experiments and exploration, Jinhua Jinlin bergamot Development Co., Ltd. has successfully developed a set of soilless cultivation management technology which is very simple, economical and meets the standard of green products. The company calls it "organic ecological soilless cultivation technology". This technology greatly reduces the production cost of golden bergamot bonsai, improves the degree of commercialization of products, reduces labor intensity, and increases the output value per unit area. It is the most ideal cultivation mode for soilless cultivation of golden bergamot at present. "Organic ecotype soilless cultivation" refers to a soilless cultivation technique that uses substrates instead of natural soil and does not need to be irrigated with nutrient solution. Better yield can be obtained by watering clear water and adding some chemical fertilizer in the later stage. Because nutrient solution soilless cultivation requires higher cultivation techniques and larger economic investment, it is difficult to popularize in large areas among ordinary farmers, while organic ecotype soilless cultivation is compared with nutrient solution soilless culture. it has the advantages of simple operation, energy saving, labor saving and environmental protection, and can be popularized in large areas in the vast rural areas.

1. Easy to operate

Traditional soilless cultivation needs nutrient solution made up of various nutrient elements for plant absorption and utilization, and the technical requirements are strict. Organic ecotype soilless cultivation uses organic matter as the main component for plant absorption and utilization, not only complete nutrient elements, but also trace elements can fully meet the supply. Therefore, when applying fertilizer, we should mainly consider the supply and balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and there is no need to strictly consider the proportion of various elements in fertilization. For example, topdressing urea only needs to know the traditional topdressing technology, and there is no need to carry out the traditional work of ploughing the land deeply.

2. Replace the general nutrient solution with organic solid fertilizer

Traditional soilless cultivation is a certain concentration of nutrient solution prepared with various inorganic fertilizers for plant absorption and utilization to meet the needs of its growth and development. Organic ecotype soilless cultivation is directly mixed with the substrate in the solid form of all kinds of organic and inorganic fertilizers to supply the nutrients needed by the cultivated crops. if the nutrition is insufficient in the process of crop growth, the fertilizer can be applied to the surface of the substrate.

3. Low employment and low requirements for staff quality

The operation process of organic ecotype soilless cultivation is very similar to that of general greenhouse cultivation, and the application of drip irrigation system only needs to irrigate clear water, little topdressing and simple management, which can be completed by ordinary personnel. However, the soilless cultivation of nutrient solution needs to prepare nutrient solution regularly, and the requirements of elements and concentration are very strict, which can only be completed by people with a certain level of education, and the use cycle of nutrient solution is relatively short, and it is necessary to disinfect each time. And because of the need for liquid supply every day, the power can not be cut off.

4. energy saving, fertilizer saving, and can greatly reduce facility investment

The watering of "organic ecological soilless cultivation" is the same as that of drip irrigation, and because there are a lot of organic fertilizers in the substrate, the times and quantity of topdressing are very small, and the fertilizers used are common compound fertilizers and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. And "organic ecological soilless cultivation" does not need circulating pumps, timers, preparation equipment, various amounts and trace elements, testing equipment and so on. The initial production investment is greatly reduced, and it is very suitable for general solar greenhouse cultivation.

5. No environmental pollution, the product can meet the green food standard

The waste liquid not used in nutrient solution soilless cultivation should be discharged outdoors, even if it is used as topdressing in the field, it will pollute the environment because it contains a lot of nitrate after long-term use. On the other hand, the organic ecotype soilless cultivation will not cause pollution to the environment because of the small amount of chemical fertilizer. Due to the extensive use of fermented organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer does not need nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, the content of nitrate in the product is very low, so that the product has reached the A-grade green food standard. If you do not use chemical fertilizer, you can also meet the AA level of green food standards.

6. Easy to popularize

Although the soilless cultivation of nutrient solution represents the level of scientific and technological development, its high cost and cost, as well as high employment quality can not be achieved by ordinary growers, and there is still the problem that it can not be thoroughly sterilized. However, there is no such problem in "organic ecological soilless cultivation". It has the advantages of low investment, simple operation, high quality and high yield, and combining organic agriculture with soilless cultivation. Ordinary farmers can carry out production, which is more suitable for the national conditions of our country, and can be produced on a large scale, so it has a broad development prospect. With the increasing improvement of people's living standards, the demand for pollution-free and residue-free green food is bound to increase, coupled with the regulatory role of the law of market economy, green food will become the trend of the times.

(4) Technical management of organic ecotype soilless cultivation

The production steps of "organic ecological soilless cultivation" bonsai of bergamot are basically similar to those of traditional potted bergamot, and some of the production steps can be referred to "traditional potted technology of bergamot".

1. Setting time

The transplanting time of "organic ecotype soilless culture" is the same as that of traditional pot, and it is the most suitable for transplanting before and after Ching Ming Festival and August in autumn.

2. Flowerpot selection

"Organic ecotype soilless cultivation" can make use of all kinds of ordinary flowerpots. Jinlin bergamot Company uses light and cheap black plastic nutrition bowls as temporary cultivation flowerpots in order to reduce the previous one-time input cost. The nutrition bowls can be used for one to two years. After soilless cultivation of golden bergamot seedlings into soilless bergamot bonsai, various good-looking flowerpots can be replaced according to customer requirements.

3. Selection of soilless culture substrate.

Sawdust, peat, sand, rock wool, coconut bran and perlite can be selected as substrates for "organic ecological soilless cultivation". After long-term comparative experiment, Jinlin bergamot Company selected three matrix formulations which are more suitable for bergamot growth, which are classified as simple perlite matrix, perlite and coconut bran 2 ∶ 1 mixed matrix, perlite and peat 1 ∶ 2 mixed matrix.

4. Pot transplanting

"Organic ecotype soilless cultivation" chooses the nutrition bowl as the cultivation basin, uses 20 × 20cm plastic sand cloth net to make a filter, lays it at the bottom of the nutrition bowl, and then lays a layer of soilless culture substrate, about two centimeters, and the sand cloth net plays the role of drainage and drainage. Before transplanting bergamot seedlings, according to their own aesthetic and gardening bonsai pruning method, the top of the plant trunk can be cut off (about 1 beat 3 of the whole plant), leaving the trunk of 20~25cm is appropriate. The aim is to trigger lateral buds, promote the development around, and strengthen the tree crown. At the same time, water evaporation is reduced, which is beneficial to plant survival. It is worth noting that bergamot seedlings in the whole planting process must keep the root (root) moist, the root of bergamot is too dry and easy to necrosis, should often spray water, with wet cover.

When setting a basin, you can use rooting powder (according to the concentration provided by the provider) to soak the roots of bergamot seedlings for 3 minutes and 5 seconds, and then put them on the substrate in the basin, take care of the whisker roots, be careful, be light, and put the matrix layer by layer, so that the matrix can be fully filled into the space of the bergamot tree system. Generally, after planting, the substrate should be away from the 7cm of the flowerpot mouth, and at the same time, the rhizome and culture soil should be kept level. (see photo).

5. Shaping and pruning

The pruning method of soilless cultivation of bergamot is the same as that of traditional cultivation of bergamot. For specific operation, please refer to Chapter 6, Conservation and Management of Golden Citrus.

6. Scientific watering

When the soilless cultivation pot of bergamot seedlings is finished, it must be watered and watered thoroughly so that the roots of the seedlings are closely bonded to the substrate. As the matrix is light and buoyant, we should pay attention to it when watering, spray it with a spray can, and not splash it, otherwise it will wash the matrix out of the basin or the surface of the matrix out of the pothole. If the drip irrigation system can be installed under certain conditions, the cost is not too high and the labor intensity can be greatly reduced. Watering time can be carried out according to experience, keeping the substrate dry and wet is beneficial to the growth of bergamot. It feels that the soilless substrate is 80% dry, and the weight of bergamot soilless pot is light, so it can be watered at this time. Soilless culture substrate has strong water retention and air permeability, so too much water will not do much harm. Conditional drip irrigation system can be installed.

7. flowerpot furnishings

Soilless cultivation of bergamot bonsai should be arranged in an orderly manner after cultivation. If possible, a culture rack can be set up in the bergamot garden, which can be made of galvanized pipe and steel wire mesh or cement brick and asbestos tile. The general culture rack is 30 to 50 centimeters high and 120 to 140 centimeters wide in a row. One meter of culture rack can put 30 pots of soilless cultivated bergamot bonsai (pictured).

8. Rational fertilization

Because "organic ecological soilless cultivation" does not use nutrient solution, it breaks through the traditional concept that soilless cultivation must use nutrient solution, and makes the most difficult key technology in soilless cultivation become the simplest technology in the production process of bergamot bonsai. The equipment, testing system, timer, circulating pump and other facilities needed for preparing nutrient solution can be completely eliminated by replacing nutrient solution with solid fertilizer. Compared with the use of nutrient solution, the cost of fertilizer is reduced by 70% to 90%.

After planting and watering the soilless seedlings, about 25 imported compound fertilizers can be put immediately, and then the compound fertilizers can be applied once every 15 days, and the fertilizers can be spread evenly on the surface of the substrate, and then infiltrate into the substrate with drip irrigation or watering. Usually observe the growth of bergamot seedlings, according to the need can lengthen or shorten the fertilization time. If it is found that bergamot seedlings are not growing well and lack of trace elements, some foliar fertilizers and trace element fertilizers can be sprayed. Foliar fertilizers such as rare earth compound fertilizer, green spraying, spraying treasure, Yemianbao, Lufenwei No. 1 and No. 2 are generally selected. The foliar fertilizer newly listed on the market can only be used in a large area after a small area test to prevent drug damage. Generally, sulfuric acid type is better for trace element fertilizer, which can increase the utilization rate of bergamot fertilizer. According to the lack of trace elements, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate and so on can be selected.

9. Pest control

Because there are no pathogens and eggs in the soilless culture medium, there are relatively few diseases and insect pests. However, diseases and insect pests can also occur as a result of contagion. Specific prevention and control refer to "Chapter VI Conservation and Management of Golden bergamot".

The fact that this site publishes its manuscripts for the purpose of transmitting more information does not mean agreeing with its views or confirming the authenticity of its contents.

. Planting and maintenance of bergamot

Bergamot planting and maintenance-spring: the lowest temperature in the open air above 10 °can remove the anti-freezing facilities. It can be cultivated in the open air from the end of March to the beginning of April in the south of the Yangtze River. The weather is still relatively cold in early spring, so we should pay attention to the temperature change in the greenhouse. Heat preservation measures should be taken for more than 5 °below zero. Pay attention to whether there is steaming water on the leaves in the shed at night, if it is necessary to increase the straw mat to absorb water, because the golden bergamot tree in-10 °without steaming water left on the leaves is basically indestructible. This is the key to the winter. The flowerpot soil in the shed should be kept dry and master the basic principle of no drying and no watering, which is also the characteristic of bergamot growth. The last fertilizer in half a month or so is based on the principle of thin fertilizer and frequent application, and the number of times should be increased as little as possible. Once every 10 days in the open air, the total amount of fertilizer applied at one time per thousand plants shall not exceed the quantity of imported compound fertilizer. Cake fertilizer is about 100 jin per thousand plants. In addition, we should pay close attention to the dangerous damage of red spiders. Pesticides to pesticide stores refer to the dosage and usage of acaricides. Organophosphorus pesticides can not be used except dimethoate, omethoate, dimethoate, and so on. These pesticides can cause serious leaf loss or death to bergamot trees. Isocarbophos and insecticides with high efficiency and low residue are often used. In addition, do a good job in bud work, erase all buds without buds, and halve the amount of fertilizer applied to trees that have just come out of the shed, and wait for stable growth and then increase at the right time. Summer spring flower fruit growth and summer fruit setting period. Continue to do a good job in wiping buds to promote output and quality. Pay attention to the harm of pests and red spiders. After continuous heavy rain, fungicides should be sprayed (imported thiophanate, carbendazim, etc.). Watering characteristics, high temperature in the morning at 10:00 left and right for comprehensive watering, in line with dry watering, semi-dry less watering, wet no watering. The whole garden inspection will be carried out at 3 p.m., the dry ones will be watered, and the non-dry ones will not be watered. Secondly, the fruits with continuous high temperature above 35 °should be shaded and protected from the sun. Fertilization should be used once a week, depending on the tree situation and the amount and frequency of fertilizer used. In the middle of July, we began to press the high bar to make the mother of bonsai. In general, the technical key points of the tree striping are cut off its leaves and thorns 15 centimeters away from the fruit, cut three cracks deep into the xylem on three sides of the branch with a knife, and then wrap them in a ring of moss, the size of which is as big as the fist size of a 3-to 4-year-old child's fist, and tie it tightly at both ends of the plastic film for external use, that is, to complete the process of high crimping, and it is necessary to touch it with your hands to feel very hard to meet the requirements.

The autumn sprouting work lasted until August 5, and the comprehensive pruning began. More than 80% of the branches without fruit are comprehensively pruned, and the pruning work shall not exceed 10 days. Three days after pruning, leaf moth pesticides were sprayed with 15 grams of "Kangchongdan" plus 30 jin of water, carefully sprayed every four to five days, 5-6 times in a row until the new leaves were set. This is an important step in ensuring annual output and tree shape in the coming year. Autumn watering should mainly check sex watering. The use of fertilizer depends on the situation of the tree, which is generally green once every 20 days. Prepare materials for the winter and make preparations before the winter. Pay attention to pest control.

In winter, the work of the winter greenhouse is usually completed by the middle of November. In the south of the Yangtze River, ordinary greenhouses can be used to survive the winter. One layer of shade net and two layers of thickened film, either with iron frame or bamboo structure, the ground is connected with a straw mat woven with straw for a week, and the upper two rows of the roof. In case of severe freezing, it is necessary to heat up or add straw mats in time, and it can also increase the application of rotten and dry stable manure, improve the thermal insulation performance of basin soil, and pay attention to pest control and prickling. The snow should be removed in time to prevent the greenhouse from being crushed by the heavy snow. Strictly control the water content and prevent the basin soil from waterlogging. Note: the function of straw mat: (1) heat preservation (2) absorb water in the greenhouse, which is necessary in the greenhouse. Golden bergamot production points, diligence-based, Seiko work carefully, do not worry, alternating use of pesticides to prevent pest resistance, the above refers to trees entering the fruiting stage, newly planted trees should leave two shoots, that is, spring and autumn shoots. The pruning must be ruthless, but it must be ruthless. When planting bergamot, you should choose a site with convenient transportation, strong light and moderate air circulation.

1. Golden bergamot is a light-loving plant, which needs plenty of sunlight for its growth and development.

2.10-31 °C is the most suitable growth temperature, below 0 °C need to go into the greenhouse for winter, 43 °C can also grow normally.

3. Sandy soil which is loose, fertile and with good permeability and water permeability should be selected. The potted plant should be fertilized once every 7-15 days, and the farm manure should be mixed with water to form a light fertilizer.

(around 1:12), cake fertilizer and compound fertilizer can be placed in a small amount in the basin; generally, there is no need to apply fertilizer when planted on the ground.

4. Need proper moisture, too much will lead to moldy root, and too little will lead to leaf loss. The pot soil of potted plants is "dry and watered, wet but not watered". Planting bergamot is arranged well.

Just work with water.

5. Bergamot almost no disease, pest control is simple, only for pests with pesticides.

To sum up, the key effect on the growth, flowering and fruit of bergamot, if properly mastered, can make bergamot luxuriant and fruitful.