How to save water by raising tree stump bonsai during the period of water shortage in summer?

There is a water shortage in major cities in China, water prices are high, and some people are rationing water supply, and the use of water is increasingly tight, while the water for individual bonsai is not within the scope of planned supply, and bonsai stumps can only survive in the city by taking the road of water saving.

Since 2003, the author began to carry out the experiment of saving water and raising bonsai, which has achieved good results in the past two years.

The space for raising bonsai in cities is very limited, and most of them make use of roof platforms. There are two main reasons why bonsai on the roof consumes more water than flat land: one is that the roof is exposed to sunlight for a long time (usually about 10 hours). In the hot sun, the temperature of the basin soil often rises to 37 ℃ to 42 ℃, and the high temperature causes the basin soil moisture to evaporate quickly. Second, the roof is ventilated on all sides, and the air flow is large, which is easy to take away the water vapor from the basin, causing the basin soil to dry up quickly.

According to the meteorological characteristics of roof platform, the following measures of cooling and anti-evaporation are taken. I use the baby's disposable diaper, which has strong water absorption, can quickly absorb enough water in a short time, and then it is not easy to dry, so it can be used as a material for bonsai to absorb water, prevent evaporation and protect moisture. The specific operation methods are as follows:

Spread the disposable diapers used by the baby one by one around the inner basin wall, then fill it with soil and plant bonsai. After watering, the paper diaper immediately absorbs enough water to expand, and when the basin soil dries, it slowly releases water, and the expanded paper diaper separates the basin wall that is good at heat transfer from the basin soil, blocking the direct introduction of high temperature outside the basin wall. This plays a double-layer role of both holding moisture and heat insulation. It's killing two birds with one stone.

In addition, the basin is covered with a multi-layer sunshade net. This measure can reduce the temperature of basin soil and prevent the rapid evaporation of water on the surface of basin soil without affecting the daily watering and fertilization work.

After the above treatment of bonsai, in the hot sun, the temperature of the basin soil can be reduced by 3 ℃ to 7 ℃, and the decrease of temperature can effectively slow down the transpiration of water, protect the soil moisture and reduce the water consumption. The 24-hour water-saving comparative test on the day with the highest temperature of 37 ℃ in midsummer shows that the water-saving measures are effective, and the general degree of water-saving ranges from 30% to 40%.

When the rainy season comes, you can easily remove the diapers on the edge of the basin and fill them with soil or sand, which can be restored after the rainy season. If the summer rainy season is not long, the growth of the stump will not be affected if diapers are not removed.

The tree species that adopt water-saving measures are banyan, elm, Jiuli incense, sparrow plum and so on. In the past two years, it has not been found that the spongy absorbent material in paper diapers has any adverse stimulating effect on the growth of tree stump.

There are a variety of water-saving methods, such as properly shading the sun with a sunshade net without affecting sunlight, or properly concentrating bonsai to shade each other, or adding humus soil in the basin soil to make the basin soil more loose, and other measures, can achieve the effect of water saving.

Water-saving measures for bonsai with tree stumps in summer there is a shortage of water in major cities in China, and water prices are high, and some people are even rationing water supply, and the use of water is increasingly tight, while the water used by individuals to raise bonsai is not within the scope of planned supply. only by taking the road of water saving can bonsai survive in the city. The space for raising bonsai in cities is very limited, and most of them make use of roof platforms. Xiamen is located in the southeast coast, and the problem of water use is not abundant. Since 2003, I began to carry out the experiment of saving water and raising bonsai, which has achieved good results in the past two years. There are two main reasons why bonsai on the roof consumes more water than flat land: one is that the roof is exposed to sunlight for a long time (usually about ten hours). Under the strong sun, the temperature of the basin soil often rises to about 37 ℃ ~ 42 ℃, and the high temperature makes the water evaporate quickly. Second, the roof is ventilated on all sides, and the air flow is large, which is easy to take away the moisture from the basin, resulting in the rapid drying up of the basin soil. According to the meteorological characteristics of roof platform, the following measures of cooling and anti-evaporation are taken. I use the baby's disposable diaper, which has strong water absorption, can quickly absorb enough water in a short time, and then it is not easy to dry, so it can be used as a material for bonsai to absorb water, prevent evaporation and protect moisture. The specific method of operation is as follows: spread the disposable diapers used by the baby one by one along the inner basin wall, then fill it with soil and plant bonsai. After watering, the paper diaper immediately absorbs enough water and expands. When the basin soil dries, it slowly releases water. The expanded paper diaper separates the basin wall that is good at heat transfer from the basin soil, blocking the direct introduction of high temperature outside the basin wall. This plays a double-layer role of both holding water and insulating. It's killing two birds with one stone. In addition, the basin is also covered with multi-layer sunshade nets or grass wilting. This measure can reduce the temperature of basin soil and prevent the rapid evaporation of water on the surface of basin soil without affecting the daily watering and fertilization work. After the above treatment of bonsai, when the hot sun is high, the temperature of the basin soil can be reduced by 3 ℃ ~ 7 ℃, and the decrease of temperature can effectively slow down the transpiration of water, protect the soil moisture and reduce the water consumption. The 24-hour water-saving comparative test on the day with the highest temperature of 37 ℃ in midsummer shows that the water-saving measures are effective, and the general degree of water-saving ranges from 30% to 40%. When the rainy season comes, you can easily remove the diapers on the edge of the basin and fill them with soil or sand, which can be restored after the rainy season. If the summer rainy season is not long, the growth of the stump will not be affected if diapers are not removed. The tree species that adopt water-saving measures are banyan, elm, Jiuli incense, sparrow plum and so on. In the past two years, it has not been found that the spongy absorbent material in paper diapers has any adverse stimulating effect on the growth of tree stump. There are a variety of water-saving methods, such as properly shading the sun with a sunshade net without affecting sunlight, or properly concentrating bonsai to shade each other, or adding humus soil in the basin soil to make the basin soil more loose, and other measures, can achieve the effect of water saving. Digital tree

It was Arbor Day of our country on March 12th, but reversing the number 12 is Arbor Day of some foreign countries. March 21 is World Forestry Day. The festival was initiated by Spain at the Tenerifer Island Conference held by the European Agricultural Union in 1971 and was unanimously adopted by the meeting. In November of the same year, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations officially confirmed it, so many countries designated this day as their own Arbor Day or Tree planting Day.

Some foreign scholars have calculated the ecological value of trees: a 50-year-old tree has a cumulative value of about 196000 US dollars. Regardless of whether this calculation is accurate or not, it is obvious in terms of the practical value of trees.

A tree can produce 200 kilograms of pulp, which has at least 750 rolls of toilet paper weighing 100 grams if it is to produce toilet paper.

In cities, a tree can store pollutants emitted by a car driving 16 kilometers a year. Many trees can absorb harmful gases, such as 1 hectare Cryptomeria fortunei forest can absorb 60 kg of sulfur dioxide every day, others such as Toona sinensis, oleander, ginkgo, sycamore and so on have the function of absorbing sulfur dioxide. When the urban green area reaches more than 50%, the pollutants in the atmosphere can be effectively controlled.

Urban forests can increase air humidity. An adult tree can evaporate 400 kilograms of water a day, so the air humidity in the forest increases significantly. It is calculated that for every 1% increase in urban green space, the local summer temperature can be reduced by 0.1 degrees Celsius.

Urban forest belts and hedges can reduce noise. The 30-meter-wide forest belt can reduce noise by 6-8 decibels.

Forest areas have 3.5 bacteria per cubic meter of atmosphere, while densely populated cities without greening can reach 34000. Urban streets with trees contain about 80% less bacteria in the atmosphere than those without trees.

Urban shelterbelt can slow down the wind speed, and its effective range is less than 40 times of the tree height, among which the effect is the best in the range of 10 to 20 times, which can reduce the wind speed by 50%.

In the farmland forest network, the wind speed can usually be reduced by 30% to 40%, the relative humidity can be increased by 5% to 15%, and the soil water content can be increased by 10% to 20%. According to measurements, the canopy can intercept about 20% of the precipitation, greatly weakening the impact of raindrops; as long as there are 1 cm of litter on the surface, the surface runoff can be reduced to less than 1 inch of the bare land, and the sediment can be reduced to less than 7% of the bare land.

A hectare of woodland can store at least 3000 cubic meters more water than bare land. The water storage capacity of 10, 000 mu forest is equivalent to that of a reservoir with a water storage capacity of 1 million cubic meters, and the construction of such a reservoir requires an investment of more than 10 million yuan.

Some experts predict that if the earth loses its forests, about 4.5 million biological species will cease to exist, 90% of the fresh water on land will flow into the sea in vain, and mankind will face a serious water shortage. The loss of forests will increase the wind speed by 60% to 80% in many areas, and hundreds of millions of people will die as a result of the storm. (Zhou Hong)

Extracted from Beijing Youth Daily