Appreciation of bonsai pictures of hammer elm

English name: Lang Yu

Alias: small leaf elm

Latin scientific name: Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.

Family and genus: Ulmus (Ulmaceae)

Hammer elm is considered to be a good material for making bonsai because of its beautiful tree shape, chic posture and fine branches and leaves, so nut elm bonsai is also very popular with bonsai enthusiasts. This paper collates several bonsai pictures for flower friends' reference. Ulmus pumila is a deciduous tree or a deciduous tree whose leaves turn yellow or red in winter and fall off after the new leaves open in the second year. it can grow on acidic, neutral and alkaline soil, but it is the most suitable habitat for neutral soil with warm climate, fertile soil and good drainage.

Making bonsai pictures of hammer elm bonsai

Making of bonsai of hammer elm

(1) Botanical knowledge belongs to Ulmaceae and Ulmus. Deciduous trees, bark brown, irregularly scaly, variegated lovely; branchlets gray, slender and soft. The leaf is small and hard, oval, the base is oblique, the surface is dark green, slightly glossy. Between summer and autumn, there are clusters of yellow-green florets in leaf axils. The Samara is ripe in October, yellowish brown and round as penny. Nut elm is a suitable tree species in the subtropics, which is produced in the central and southern provinces of China. Riparian roadsides are the most common in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces. It is also distributed in Japan. Like light, slightly resistant to shade, suitable for growing in warm and humid places, resistant to barren and dry, acid soil, neutral soil or calcareous soil can grow, and the soil quality is not demanding. The life span is long and the growth rate is medium. The ability to resist toxic gases and soot is strong, and the ability to germinate is also strong. (2) artificial propagation of materials and cultivation measures: Ulmus pumila is usually sown and propagated. From October to November, the seeds are ripe and the fruit wings are yellowish brown. They should be harvested in time, spread out and dried, sundries removed and stored in bags. Sowing, sowing or strip sowing in March of the following spring. The row spacing of strip sowing is 25 cm, sowing on a windless and sunny day, covered with fine soil, with no seeds for the degree, and then covered with straw. It can be germinated and unearthed in about 30 days, so the grass should be uncovered in time and the seedlings should be suitable. During the growth period, we should do a good job in water and fertilizer management, weed and loosen the soil, and the seedlings of the same year can be as high as 30cm and 40cm. Young tree seedlings have sparse dry twigs and large leaves, which are generally not suitable for making bonsai. They should be cultivated for several years. After pruning and shaping, it is better to go on the basin. In addition, Ulmus pumila can also be propagated by root cuttings to cultivate pile materials, which has a fast effect and is widely used in South China. Mountain mining: there are more pumpkin elm growing in the south of the Yangtze River, and limestone mountains are more common. The old tree stump that has been cut down for many years, especially the elm stump growing in barren slopes, river ditches or mountain stone gaps, is slow in development, long in age, processed by natural wind and waves, thick roots, vigorous twists and turns, oblique and horizontal branches and leaves, and small leaves. The best one is old and clumsy. Dig before sprouting in spring, cut off unnecessary roots and branches, protect accessory roots and whisker roots, beat mud and wrap them with wet moss. After digging back, choose the land with ventilation and light, loose and moist soil for deep buried cultivation, which is called "embryo cultivation". When the root system is developed and the new branches and leaves are luxuriant, they will be processed and shaped in the basin. Take the old pile as the bonsai material, can shorten the bonsai processing time, and the shape is natural and simple, different from ordinary goods, and easy to survive.

It takes at least 2 to 3 years for the old tree stump to be cultivated. A rapid culture method is introduced here, which is especially suitable for the growth of bonsai. The hammer elm stump dug back in early spring was first planted in a tile bowl, and after survival, the unwanted buds were picked at any time, and the posture began from the end of April to the beginning of May. When the branches grow to 15-18 cm long, use thin wire to climb and shape, and pay attention to maintenance and management. When sprouting new branches and growing 4-6 leaves, pruning can be carried out. Generally, only two leaves are left on each twig, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied immediately to promote the emergence of new buds on the new branches, so that the leaves can grow thickly as soon as possible. With the continuous thickening of branches, the wire must be removed in time to prevent "trapping". For the unshaped branches, they can be clamped up again to fix their shape. In this way, a pot of nut elm pile scene can be initially formed in September. The key to this rapid prototyping method is mainly climbing when the xylem of the branch has not yet hardened, so the production should be made with special care, the thickness of the wire should also be selected properly, and the winding should not be too tight to prevent damage to the delicate branches. In addition, it is also necessary to do a good job of "raising embryos" in order to achieve the goal of digging piles for one year to make bonsai. (3) selection of pots in the process of going up the basin: glazed pottery pots or purple sand pottery pots are generally suitable for hammer elm pile scenery. The shape of the basin is various, depending on the shape of the tree, and the rectangular basin is the most common. Simple and elegant is the best color. Use soil: the requirement to the soil is not strict, the adaptability is strong. Pot culture with loose and fertile pastoral soil or rotten leaf soil is suitable, good air permeability and water permeability, is conducive to the development and growth of roots and maintain the luxuriant branches of old piles. Planting: usually planted before sprouting in February-March in spring, or in autumn. When planting, trim the root properly, cut off the overlong root, and lift it properly. The root system of Ulmus pumila is well developed, which is suitable for bonsai with stone. The planting of attached stone is more difficult, generally, it is necessary to choose the stone with deeper cracks (the cancellous stone can be artificially carved into a stone gap), trim the roots, embed them into the cracks, and tie the main coarse roots with brown silk to make them fixed. When taking root, pay attention not to damage the root system as far as possible, can be covered with moss. After taking root, smear the wet river soil on the outside of the stone, then wrap it with moss, and then plant the root together with the attached stone in the basin soil and carefully maintain it for 3-4 years. When the root system embedded in the stone gap grows fully and fills the stone gap, it can be unbound. At this time, the root system is integrated with the stone, and the stone-attached bonsai of a pot of elm is basically completed.

(4) pose processing: hammer elm can be modeled by pruning method or combined with climbing. Brown wire or metal wire can be used for climbing. Due to the rapid growth of nut elm branches, the climbing materials should be removed in time, so as not to cause "silk trapping" and affect the appearance. For the old stump excavated in the mountains, the over-thick trunk can be carved to reduce the volume, be commensurate with the side branches, and increase the ancient interest at the same time. The posture of the elm is usually carried out before the spring sprouting or in the rainy season. Tree shape: hammer elm has strong plasticity and is suitable for processing into many kinds of trees. The common ones are straight dry type, oblique dry type, horizontal dry type, cliff type, stone-attached type, co-planting type and so on. The branches and leaves can be tied into pieces or trimmed into a natural crown. In particular, the shaping of stone-attached elm bonsai can intercept a corner of nature and allow a certain amount of exaggeration. In order to render a certain part of the charm, trees can be above the rocks, mainly trees, followed by stone, without the restriction of "Zhangshan foot tree". Lingnan School, Su School and Yang School in bonsai in China often take nut elm as the main tree species. (1) the place for maintenance and management: the elm should be placed in a place with plenty of sunshine and air circulation. There is no need for shade in summer and can be placed outdoors in winter. In order to prevent the basin soil from drying and freezing, the basin can be buried in the soil. Watering: hammer elm like to be moist, watering should be sufficient, summer temperature and high light intensity, water once in the morning and evening, but do not make the basin stagnant water. It can be watered less in autumn, but it is not necessary to be watered in winter, such as buried in basin soil. Fertilization: apply barnyard manure or cake fertilizer as base fertilizer in winter, and apply thin organic fertilizer every half a month from April to October (except Meiyu season) to maintain the need for normal growth nutrients. Nitrogen and potash are the main fertilizers. Pruning: the branches and leaves of Ulmus pumila grow fast, so it is appropriate to prune regularly in order to maintain the bonsai model. generally, when the new bud branch extends to 5 cm, only 2 leaves remain, and the rest are cut off. In order to control growth, buds can be removed at any time. Turn the basin: every 2-3 years, the best time is before sprouting in spring, or in autumn. When turning the basin, the old soil around 1B2 can be removed, and part of the old roots can be cut off to fill up with fertile and loose culture soil. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: there are many pests in elm, such as elm leaf golden flower insect, shell insect, longicorn beetle, diamondback moth, coir moth and so on. It can be sprayed with 1500 times of dichlorvos, longicorn beetles harm tree trunks, and stone-sulfur mixture can be used to block wormholes. (2) the appearance of the ornamental nut elm is chic, the bark is scaly, the trunk is twisted, and the twigs are soft. When the new leaves are first released, the trees are full of green, which is the best viewing period. It can also be used as a cold tree after falling leaves in autumn. In addition, the elm plucked all the old leaves in early autumn and applied quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer once, and new leaves could grow after about half a month, so that there would be two best viewing periods in a year. Old pile bonsai, ancient roots, simple posture, such as dead wood Fengchun, still towering, the most appreciative.

Gossiping about bonsai I used to be obsessed with the art of tree stump bonsai. I can't extricate myself from indulging in it. Among the various schools of bonsai, what I admire most is Lingnan style. I like and appreciate both the poetic school of monk Suren and the realistic school of Kong Taichu. Lingnan style bonsai is natural, close to nature and higher than nature. It is poetic, picturesque and charming. Less affectation, less kitsch, less axe chisel marks. Withstand close inspection, play reward, endure aftertaste. The most commonly used root materials of Lingnan bonsai are Jiuli incense, sparrow plum vine, hammer elm, chicken claw maple, red maple, small leaf banyan and all kinds of pines and cypresses. The styling technique commonly used in Lingnan bonsai is to "store branches and cut dry, scale into inches". The technique is unique, the branch shape is exquisite, the branch is transparent. In terms of its form, there are oblique dry type, big tree type, cliff type, water shadow type, qu dry type, jungle type, cold forest type and so on. There are falling branches, floating branches, head branches, point branches, deer horn branches, crab claw branches and so on. The most important characteristics of Lingnan bonsai are: when there are leaves, the leaves are luxuriant and full of vitality; when there are no leaves, you look at the branches, looking at the deficiency and reality, and the branches overlap with each other; the method of the branches is rich and the bone strength is deep; from afar, the spirit of sparse and wild is coming. Looking at these works will make you fascinated and daydream. These towering works have the potential of towering trees. Make you feel as if on the cliffs, on the plains, under the foothills, on the hills, and on the waterside, the old trees of the country are familiar with each other through the vicissitudes of life. It also seems to come from the freehand landscape painting of the ancient literati. Is it Liu Songnian, Ni Yunlin, or Huang Gongwang? It makes you inextricable and obsessed. The body and mind are nurtured by beauty, elegant and interesting, and forget all the common worries. A corner of the living room, on the high-angle flower rack, buy a basin of cliff-style bonsai, or put a pot of oblique dry bonsai on the coffee table, which will immediately make the room full of spirit. In those years, from late autumn to early spring, whenever I had free time, I would bring handsaws, picks, flower scissors, shovels and other digging tools, go to the mountains and countryside, look around, look for stumps, and make bonsai. Invade the bone into the marrow, happy never tired. In order to make a good bonsai, in addition to selecting materials is very important, you must also have literary accomplishment, painting rest, aesthetic taste, plant knowledge and theoretical basis for making bonsai. It takes a lot of patience and perseverance to make a bonsai for at least a few years and more than a dozen years. I summed up the three-word formula for making bonsai and wrote it to share with my colleagues: the roots should be exposed, the skin should be wrinkled, the veins should be twisted, the veins should be transparent, the branches should show, and the pots should be old. If the basin is old, say a few words, it is not a family of flowers and antiques, which is difficult for most people to reach: purple sand ancient pots in the Ming and Qing dynasties, rare treasures, expensive value, where to find? Even if we find it, we can only hope and sigh if we can't reach our economic strength. Click "Lingnan bonsai" under the heading to follow the official account: lnpjsj more exchanges: add editor Wechat: lnpj178QQ:20267****0 "Lingnan bonsai" Wechat public platform to share the most valuable bonsai culture. Some of the text and picture materials come from the Internet. I would like to express my deep respect for the author of the original text. If you have any objection to the copyright, please let us know.