Practical Management Technology of Bonsai Fruit trees

As the saying goes: good to plant good seedlings, this seedling has been selected, but how to make these seedlings grow well? There are a lot of ways in here. For fruit trees in the field, as long as you do a good job in water and fertilizer management and pest control, it will certainly be high-yielding, but for bonsai fruit trees, it is not only necessary to make their fruit long and good, but also to make their branches graceful. It's not an easy thing to do.

How can we make the tree colorful, delicious and good-looking?

Hu Zhonghui, agronomist of Tianjin Fruit Tree Research Institute: if we want to maintain the eatability of the fruit, the nutritional value should not be different from that of the field, or even higher than it. Its fruit should be beautiful, well-organized, and its shape should be good. The bonsai of fruit trees is to decorate the tree with fruit, and we should also consider the shape of next year. This is different from the field in cultivation, highlighting the word "diligence", and every work should be standardized. When to do work, do not miss the opportunity, water and fertilizer management is the first key in potted fruit trees, especially in hot summer, the water in the fruit basin is easy to evaporate, at this time to observe frequently, adjust the amount of water in time, keep the soil dry and wet, do not let the fruit trees dry to death, usually keep watering twice a day. In the flower bud differentiation period, but also pay attention to buckle water, let the leaf heart slightly reach the state of lack of water, and then irrigate, which is more conducive to flower bud differentiation. Hu Zhonghui: fertilizer management should also be "diligent" and fast, because the nutrition in the fruit basin is not like that in the field, and the supply is limited, so it is necessary to replenish some nutrients in time, and spray some nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash fertilizer in combination with the spraying water on the leaf surface. It is generally replenished every ten days as appropriate.

Pruning, coring and twisting are the biggest differences between potted fruit tree management and field fruit tree management.

Hu Zhonghui: if it is not pruned in time, it will compete for nutrients, and the formation of flower buds will be poor, which will directly affect the growth of next year. If this tree is not well controlled, it will be very unsatisfactory next year. Pruning this piece is very critical. It is necessary to do it at any time, not once or twice, or even repeat 3 or 4 times. Twisting a little is to twist the tip of a relatively straight branch, which is generally selected when the branch is semi-lignified in the early stage of branch growth, which can not only make the position of flower bud formation better, but also control the nutrition distribution of fruit trees, and the twisting strength should be moderate. Do not break the branch or twist slightly not in place. In addition, in the management of potted fruit trees, some modeling treatments should be carried out, such as pre-injury, scratching, branch pulling and so on.

Although bonsai fruit trees do not deliberately pursue modeling, it is necessary to make landscapes with the trees and make some artistic technical trimming, such as this one, to create a scar on the bare trunk, which will add a sense of vicissitudes to the fruit trees when they grow up. Scratching is in the early stage, carving the unsprouted branch with a pruning knife, which can promote the branch bud germination, control the position of the branch bud, and let the branch grow into a favorable shape to pull the branch is according to the needs of modeling, combined with the aesthetic needs of consumers in the market, flexibly take modeling cultivation and management measures. However, it does not require simplification, but requires the cultivation of the subjective imagination.

Another thing that makes potted fruit trees different from the field is vegetables and fruits, so that the limited nutrients in the fruit basin can be supplied to the fruit to the maximum extent and produce a large fruit.

Zhao: usually leave ten, eleven or two fruits, but not too much, too much, the first load is too large, affecting the results of next year, but also affect the quality of this year, because limited food, too many people to eat, not enough to eat, it does not grow up.

The main function of potted fruit trees is to prolong its ornamental period and enhance its ornamental ability, so how to prolong the hanging period of fruit?

Zhao: the general practice is: before the formation of the delamination of the fruit in August, spray with naphthylacetic acid, so that the fruit can not form delamination, ripening does not fall off, and prolong its ornamental period.

In this way, the hanging period can be extended to December, and even the beautiful fruit on the bonsai tree can be seen during the Spring Festival.

Zhao: for ornamental fruit trees, it is not enough to prolong its viewing period, but also to enhance its ornamental quality, spray some edible wax after the fruit is ripe, enhance its color and glossiness, and prevent it from losing water, so that the fruit does not lose water and wilt. Enhance ornamental value. For the bonsai fruit trees after the completion of the ornamental task, they should be collected in time and buried in the ground for heat preservation over the winter, so as to prevent the fruit trees from freezing and affecting the survival of the next year. Bonsai fruit tree, as the name implies, it should not only have beautiful fruit, beautiful shape is also a choice that can not be ignored. Therefore, Fuji apples with compact trees and beautiful fruit colors are the first choice for bonsai fruit trees. Gardening enthusiasts and experts also like bonsai fruit trees.

What is the dwarf fruit tree bonsai and matters needing attention in daily maintenance

Bonsai of fruit trees, I believe we are all very familiar with it. This is a kind of plant decoration that people like very much in our current home decoration. But as we all know, many fruit trees are very tall, in order to maintain their beautiful posture, people usually use dwarf cultivation to form what we often call dwarf fruit tree bonsai. So what exactly is this dwarf fruit tree bonsai, and what are the precautions in the daily maintenance process? Next, let's take a look at the bonsai of dwarf fruit trees.

What is a dwarf fruit tree bonsai?

In nature, our common fruit trees are tall trees or shrubs, so when people want to make them into bonsai, people will use a cultivation technique called dwarfing cultivation. This technology can make plants smaller than normal plants, and the fruit tree bonsai made by this technology is what we often call dwarf fruit tree bonsai. Most of this kind of plant bonsai modeling is very classical and elegant, and simple and beautiful, so this kind of bonsai has high ornamental value and practical value, and is deeply loved and welcomed by people. And this kind of bonsai can also reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption and better promote the growth of fruit trees.

Matters needing attention in daily maintenance of bonsai of dwarf fruit trees

1. Because this is a kind of plant bonsai, there are many things that need to be paid attention to in the process of daily maintenance, first of all, the configuration of basin soil. Usually the soil suitable for the growth of fruit trees is neutral, and individual fruit trees may need acidic soil. At the same time, nutrient-rich sandy loam or sandy soil is also suitable for the growth of fruit trees. Therefore, in the process of conservation, we can prepare the basin soil by ourselves, using mature pastoral soil, river sand, plant ash and so on according to proportion. However, people should pay attention to disinfecting beforehand when using cultivated soil, so that there is no danger of toxic molecules and insect pests in the soil.

2. Plant growth needs sufficient nutrients and water, so fertilizer and water management is a problem that everyone needs to pay attention to in the daily maintenance of dwarfing fruit trees. Especially because when the fruit tree is potted in the flowerpot, the fruit tree intelligently absorbs nutrients through the soil in the flowerpot, so the nutrients in the soil are not enough for the growth of the plant. At this time, it is necessary to apply some organic fertilizer to the bonsai fertilizer. before the plant sprouts, quick-acting nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are applied, and usually fertilizers can be tested once every half a month. In terms of watering, it can be done according to the specific water needs of specific fruit trees, but it is generally necessary to keep the basin soil moist, and the basin soil should not be too dry.

3. If the bonsai of dwarfed fruit trees want to maintain a graceful posture, attention should be paid to the pruning and shaping of fruit trees in the process of daily maintenance. To know that after the passage of time, the plant will gradually grow slowly, at this time the shape of the fruit tree will change, in order to maintain the simple and elegant shape of the fruit tree, it is necessary to trim and reshape the fruit tree all the time. This work requires a specific analysis of specific problems, because the specific situation of each fruit tree may be different. In addition, when the nutrients of the bonsai soil have been consumed a lot, we should not forget to do the work of pouring the bonsai, that is, to dwarf the bonsai of fruit trees every 2 to 3 years to keep the soil fresh and fertile.

Conclusion: dwarf fruit tree bonsai is a kind of indoor plant decoration that people like very much, but it still needs to be done in the daily maintenance, otherwise there will be a lot of problems no matter how easy the plants are.

Bonsai is cultivated on fruit trees with the simple and approachable image of nature into people's lives with more prospects and more "money" scenery (photo)

The picture shows bonsai cultivated on apple trees.

My name is Zhou Wangen. I am a 71-year-old villager from Beiliu Village, Huangzhai Town, Yangqu County. I have been engaged in the cultivation and management of fruit trees for 22 years. Now I have summed up some immature but effective operating rules and methods, which I would like to share with you.

Fill a gap in the bonsai of northern fruits

With the improvement of people's living standards in urban and rural areas, people living in busy cities are more and more yearning for a quiet and comfortable pastoral life. The bonsai of fruit trees comes into people's life with the local flavor of nature and the simple image of approachability, which satisfies people's good desire to get close to nature and return to nature.

The bonsai of fruit trees comes from bonsai trees, but it is difficult to bonsai trees. It not only has a unique and elegant shape, but also has rich and attractive fruits. It has the characteristics of short and compact trees, open and easy appearance, delicate flowers and branches in spring and fruitful fruits in autumn. It is a perfect combination of superb fruit tree cultivation techniques and exquisite bonsai techniques. Bonsai of fruit trees takes a long time and consumes a lot of energy, which is a big bottleneck for thousands of households. Cultivating bonsai of fruit trees on trees just solves this problem and fills the blank of bonsai without large-scale fruits in the north of China.

The cultivation method is not difficult.

To cultivate bonsai of fruit trees on trees is to put the auxiliary branches and overgrown branches of fruit trees on the trees according to the principle of bonsai shaping, by means of pruning auxiliary branches, pulling, distinguishing, bending, piercing, girdling and injury, etc., to make it into a variety of modeling branches that meet the bonsai specifications of medium-sized fruit trees, which can not only promote the growth of fruit trees, but also cultivate a large number of modeling branches for bonsai fruit trees.

With the increase of tree age and the increase of branches and leaves, there are closed branches and leaves and insufficient light on the trees, which affect the yield and quality of fruit trees. in the past, we can only remove the auxiliary branches and long branches which contributed to the early yield of young trees year by year. Now after the modeling branches bear fruit, according to the degree of their influence on the surrounding branches, the most important ones are in the order of the front and the light ones, and the roots are raised in the appropriate position at the base of these modeling branches year by year. Root in spring, cut off the fruit and put it into the basin in autumn, which is a bonsai of fruit trees with beautiful shape and numerous fruits.

Technological process and social benefits

First, the whole process of cultivating bonsai on the trees is carried out on the trees.

Because the parent body of the big tree has sufficient nutrients for modeling branches, there is no need to set up a special site, no watering, no fertilization, no prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, and no overwintering protection. compared with the bonsai of fruit trees cultivated in the basin, the investment is very low. and it is faster to grow, easier to shape and bear fruit earlier than the bonsai of fruit trees cultivated in the basin.

Second, cultivate fruit tree bonsai on trees and develop new resources for fruit tree bonsai.

1. Using auxiliary branches and overgrown branches to cultivate bonsai of fruit trees can not only turn the waste branches into bonsai of fruit trees and sell them on the market, increase the income of fruit growers, but also completely change the bad habit of stacking sparse auxiliary branches and long branches around the orchard, reduce the source of diseases and insect pests of fruit trees, and prolong the life of fruit trees. The bonsai of fruit trees are cultivated on trees, because the trees are living beings and can be renewed alternately over and over again, which can not only form an industry, but also last for a long time.

two。 In the comprehensive management of fruit trees, especially in shaping and pruning, most fruit growers are experts, but for bonsai management and plastic surgery, although fruit farmers are amateurs, the management of both are very similar. as long as you go to the scene of bonsai production to see the actual operation and ask bonsai masters for systematic training, you will soon be able to master the core technology of bonsai production.

3. Cultivating bonsai of fruit trees on trees can form mass production, which will not only bring new highlights to farmers in fruit areas, but also cultivate a large number of bonsai of fruit trees with good quality and low price for the society, and lay a solid material foundation for bonsai of fruit trees to enter thousands of households.

Great potential for marketing

There are three main market advantages of cultivating bonsai on trees: first, it has the ornamental value of beautiful shape, green and red leaves; second, it can improve the bad air and show the environmental protection value of green and organic; third, it has sweet, delicate and delicious practical value; fourth, it has the economic value of long life and easy management.

Cultivating bonsai of fruit trees on trees can become a long-term project for the sustainable development of fruit areas and a traditional local economic project, because the high technology of cultivating bonsai of fruit trees on trees and the constraints of various conditions determine that the project itself cannot swarm up. Only in conditional fruit areas can we have the ability of sustainable development.

If the planting density is 3 meters × 6 meters per mu, 37 plants can be planted per mu, each plant leaves two main branches, extending between the rows, and there are three side branches on each main branch. there are six side branches in the whole tree (that is, the main part of cultivating modeling branches in the middle and later stage). This kind of tree has no central pole, that is, the upper branches and leaves are shaded by light, and the branches and leaves of the whole tree can get sufficient light. It not only produces a large number of fruits and good quality, but also is very suitable for cultivating bonsai fruit trees.

In the early stage (3-5 years) of the fruit tree, the model branches were cultured on the auxiliary branches, and the model branches were cultivated on the back of the branches in the middle and later stages (5 years later). According to the degree of influence of the two modeling branches on the surrounding branches, the heavy ones were in the front and the light ones were in the rear order, and the suitable position of the base was selected to grow roots. After rooting, the roots were cut off and put into a pot for 15 days after the roots turned yellow, that is, a pot of fruit trees. In order not to affect the normal growth and fruit of fruit trees, and to maintain the basic balance between aboveground and underground growth of fruit trees, each tree only takes two modeling branches (crown diameter less than 67 cm) and 74 modeling branches (bonsai of fruit trees) per mu every year. The bonsai of each pot of fruit trees is valued at 500 yuan, and the income can be 500 yuan × 7437 000 yuan.

Bei Liu Cun, Huangzhai Town, Yangqu County, Zhou Wangen

Source: Shanxi News Network-responsible Editor of Shanxi Peasant News: Huang Huan _ NN1650