The simplest way to make ginkgo bonsai-- natural material

Ginkgo biloba, the leaf shape is as strange as a fan, and the tree shape is simple and elegant. Planted in the pot scion, it is favored by many bonsai lovers because of its simplicity, nature and green.

Natural ginkgo bonsai is a bonsai made of various natural ginkgo biloba piles without any binding techniques and equipped with corresponding flowerpots according to the natural form of the pile itself. It has the advantages of wide range of materials, short breeding time, simple production, natural shape and convenient maintenance.

Every year, select the strangely shaped root tiller seedlings of the old ginkgo trees growing in the mountains, or the 78-year-old ginkgo biloba seedlings in the nursery, and plant them to cut off the upper branches from 40 cm to 60 cm from the ground, so that they can grow naturally in the ground for a year, and prune them slightly according to the tree shape. Before the new leaves germinate in the spring of the following year, stumps of different shapes can be made into stumps with ingenious and appropriate bonsai of natural ginkgo biloba.

Ginkgo likes light, so bonsai should be placed in a sunny, ventilated and moist place after being made. There should be no lack of water exposure in summer, burying the soil in winter and keeping the basin soil moist at ordinary times. During the growth period, it is better to apply thin cake fertilizer or potting acquaintance feces and urine once a week, with high-quality nutritious soil, appropriate amount of sandy soil and rice bran ash. Change the basin every 2 years. When changing the basin, cut the root system too long, replace 1/2 of the old soil, and then apply base fertilizer at the bottom of the basin. Ginkgo biloba grows slowly, is resistant to pollution and toxic waste gas, and has less disease.

Production methods, cultivation and maintenance of bonsai of Ginkgo biloba

Ginkgo biloba is a famous longevity tree species with strong vitality, peculiar leaf shape, easy grafting, reproduction, shaping and pruning. It is a high-quality material for making bonsai, especially the bonsai made of ginkgo tree milk, which has high ornamental value and economic value. Ginkgo biloba is a commonly used tree species in Chinese bonsai. Ginkgo bonsai is one of the most unique bonsai in China because of its thick trunk, curved branches, dewy roots, unique shape, vigorous and unrestrained and interesting.

Potted soil preparation:

Because of the limited container, the root growth of potted ginkgo biloba is inhibited, and there must be sufficient fertility in the limited pot soil in order to maintain the growth and fruiting of ginkgo biloba. Select loose and fertile pastoral soil, sift, add 1/3 fully mature organic manure (such as compost, stable manure, green manure, etc.), add 1/5 crushed plant straw, soak the above raw materials with 5% human feces and urine or 1% urea aqueous solution, hold the humidity into a ball, let go, pile it in a sunny place, cover it with plastic film, and ferment at high temperature for 15 to 25 days.

Container selection:

Choose different containers according to where they are placed. For viewing on the desk or windowsill, choose ceramic or pottery flowerpots with a diameter of about 30 cm and a height of 30 cm, with a drain at the bottom, and watch them on the courtyard or balcony. Containers such as buckets, small boxes, vats, flowerpots and so on can be used. Change the basin every 1 to 2 years, and fill in some new humus soil at the same time.

Fine planting:

After the soil is thawed in spring, before the seedlings germinate, choose 2-year-old strong seedlings with well-developed lateral roots, free from diseases and insect pests and basal stems of 1 cm to 2 cm, trim the roots and flatten the wound to facilitate wound healing. Soak the seedlings and new pots with water for one day and night before planting, first buckle the drainage hole of the flowerpot with a small piece of tile. So that it can drain without leaking soil. And then load 1/2 pots of dirt? The middle part is high and low around, stretch the seedling root system, erect the root stem, fill the soil, gently lift the seedling by hand and shake the basin to make the soil firm, and then fill the soil firmly. The basin soil should be 3 cm to 5 cm lower than the rim of the basin in order to fill with water. Attention should be paid to prevent half-cut water, wet and dry, affecting survival and growth, pouring water and placing it in a cool place to slow seedlings.

Grafted seedlings:

The excellent varieties with early fruit and high yield were selected for grafting, and they could bear fruit after surviving for three years. The better varieties are Tancheng No. 3, Big Buddha finger, Dongting Huang and so on. Split grafting or wood bud grafting was used before sprouting in spring or with woody buds from July to August, which germinated in the same year in spring and in the second year after survival in autumn.

Trim the shape:

According to personal appreciation level and aesthetic point of view, cultivate into a suitable tree. Such as bow, two-layer flat, cross, spindle, etc., the bow can be formed into a bow by wire with a diameter of 2 cm to 4 cm, which is fixed on the basin in the spring of the following year, and the new branches are tied up along the tree, and the plastic surgery is completed for 3 to 4 years. The latter three kinds of trees can fix the branches in the expected position and carry out shaping and pruning year by year. In the third year, a strong branch is selected from the upper part of the crown to the sunny side, and the male branch is grafted for pollination.

Fertilizer and water management:

Bonsai cultivation is affected by container size and soil fertility. the water in the basin evaporates quickly, so it should be observed and watered in time. Watering depends on the basin soil and leaves to determine the watering times, generally every 1 to 2 days. In the hot dry season, root irrigation is carried out before 8 am and after 5 pm every day, and the leaf surface is also sprayed to wash away the foliar dust, which is conducive to photosynthesis, increase local humidity and meet the physiological needs of Ginkgo biloba. After falling leaves in autumn, take out the surface soil in the basin, change it into loose and fertile nutrient soil, and irrigate it. When sprouting in early spring, nitrogen fertilizer was applied to accelerate sprouting, 0.1% borax solution was sprayed in the peak flowering period, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied in the fruit expansion period after anthesis. Potted ginkgo biloba should be fertilized less frequently, which can not only prevent root burning but also be fully absorbed.

Pest control:

The main pests of Ginkgo biloba are diamondback moth and ultra-small leaf roll moth, and the main diseases are root rot and leaf blight. Root disease is generally caused by stagnant water in the root, leaf blight is mainly caused by lack of fertilizer and weak tree potential, and it is also related to high temperature. According to different diseases and insect pests, correct control measures should be taken. Strengthening fertilizer and water management, strengthening tree potential and improving tree resistance are also effective ways to control diseases and insect pests.

How to make ginkgo bonsai?

Ginkgo biloba is a famous longevity tree species with strong vitality, peculiar leaf shape, easy grafting, reproduction, shaping and pruning. It is a high-quality material for making bonsai, especially the bonsai made of ginkgo tree milk, which has high ornamental value and economic value. Ginkgo biloba is a commonly used tree species in Chinese bonsai. Ginkgo bonsai is one of the most unique bonsai in China because of its thick trunk, curved branches, dewy roots, unique shape, vigorous and unrestrained and interesting. Vigorous and green in summer and golden in autumn, giving people a sense of majestic, magnificent and elegant, it has been paid more and more attention in recent years and is known as the "living art sculpture". According to people's different appreciation requirements, there are mainly several types of bonsai, foliage bonsai and tree stump bonsai.

I. the making of tree stumps

The pots are mainly flowerpots, wooden boxes and buckets with elegant appearance, strong water retention and good air permeability, among which the mud basin without glaze and purple sand basin are the best. The diameter of the basin is generally more than 30cm, and the basin soil is generally filled with peat soil rich in organic matter, loose texture, strong fertilizer absorption and water retention, humus soil or self-made nutrient soil (6 parts of loam, 2 parts of coarse sand, 2 parts of humus soil, adding appropriate amount of fully mature chicken and duck manure or bean cake dregs, etc.), filled with broken bricks or stone oak at the bottom and loaded into the culture soil. Then the long root and thick root of the stump were thinned and trimmed and planted in the basin from February to March. Tree stumps can be obtained by sowing, cutting, striping, grafting and other methods, but also by the cultivation of various forms of root tillers.

II. Planting techniques

When planting, first put part of the soil in the basin, select the piles obtained by various methods, trim the root system and put it in the basin, so that the root system can be fully extended, then fill the soil in the basin, gently press the soil with your hand, and then lift it up slightly, do not fill the basin soil too full, pour water immediately after planting, loosen the soil in time after slightly drying, in order to ease the seedlings.

Third, modeling

According to the different appreciation requirements of ginkgo bonsai, the modeling design pattern is drawn in advance, and the branches are bent and tied according to the figure cable shape because of the pile potential. The bonsai mainly appreciates the seed, which looks like an olive before maturity and looks like a kumquat after maturity, with green leaves at the beginning and pleasing color. When modeling, pay attention to the cultivation of fruiting branches, supplemented by artificial pollination, planting large grain beauty. Foliage bonsai pays more attention to leaf shape and leaf color, emphasizing that the color shape is all good and the tree shape is unique. The stump bonsai strives to be vigorous and rugged, and the stump of the old tree can be used to develop the arrogant temperament of thick trunk, curved branches and exposed roots.

IV. Management technology

Plastic surgery and trimming. Pruning is the main technology of bonsai modeling of Ginkgo biloba. According to different appreciation requirements, pruning, shortening, retraction and other means should be adopted to cut off redundant side branches, parallel branches, cross branches, over-dense branches, overgrown branches and diseased branches, highlight the trunk and enrich the ornamental branches. make it have a higher artistic style. But pruning should let nature take its course and should not be imitated mechanically.

Fertilizer and water management. Ginkgo likes temperature and is afraid of waterlogging, and the basin soil should not be too wet. It should be loosened immediately after watering. The bonsai of ginkgo biloba has both leaves and fruits. In management, it is necessary to control big fertilizer and water, apply less nitrogen fertilizer, apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and follow the principle of "light fertilizer and less frequent application". During the period from sprouting to growth in spring, 5g soybean cake or compound fertilizer was applied in pot. Water immediately after fertilizing. The time and quantity of watering should be determined according to the weather conditions and the wetting degree of the basin soil. Watering should not seep a large amount of water out of the basin. Before watering, the water should be kept warm and cold water should not be used. To avoid hot noon flood watering, the best way is to use pot watering, the water will be slowly inhaled from the bottom of the basin, or spray water with a pot to prevent the basin soil from hardening, resulting in root loss.

Artificial pollination. Ginkgo biloba is a dioecious plant. Artificial pollination measures should be taken to view bonsai in order to achieve the purpose of fruit appreciation. The commonly used artificial pollination methods are some pollination methods and hanging flower techniques. The method of grafting male varieties is also more effective, that is, male varieties are grafted on the branches of Ginkgo biloba in the same basin, but they should also be modeled in order to meet the needs of common appreciation.