Maintenance methods of miscellaneous wood bonsai in winter

In January at the beginning of the new year, the temperature in the south also bottomed out, coupled with the fact that there has been no precipitation for a long time recently, all these have brought a lot of trouble to plant conservation. Although Shanghai-style bonsai is most famous for pines such as Osaka pine, there are a large number of miscellaneous wood bonsai in Shanghai Botanical Garden. How to maintain these miscellaneous wood bonsai in winter is very important for its growth in the coming year.

The so-called miscellaneous trees are naturally "miscellaneous", which are reflected in the varieties, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, ginkgo, crape myrtle, Luoshi, pomegranate, triangular maple, wild lacquer tree and so on. Although it is cold in the middle of winter in the south, most of the miscellaneous wood bonsai can survive the winter outdoors. Many people move bonsai indoors at night to prevent freezing. Be sure to remember to send it outdoors during the day. If conditions are limited, it should at least be placed at the windowsill where the sun is most abundant, and ensure the sunshine at noon. Many trees have yellow leaves due to lack of light indoors in winter. Due to the high temperature at noon, do not rule out the high temperature caused by miscellaneous wood bonsai can not dormancy or wake up early, is also harmful. In the extreme climate where the temperature is higher than the average winter temperature for a long time, it is necessary to control the local climate temperature.

Shanghai is located in the southeast coast, where the outdoor wind is strong, which aggravates the air dryness. Due to the decrease of watering in winter, the bark and branches may be withered and wrinkled. What is more serious is the ornamental fruit bonsai, such as persimmon, golden marble, purple bamboo, pyracantha, turnip, and so on. Even the fruit will be dehydrated. Usually the observation of the basin soil is very important, in general, noon in winter is the best watering time, basin soil whitening at a time, do not be a small number of times. In the current extremely dry climate, appropriate spraying of water on tree trunks and branches is also a good way to alleviate it.

Usually, if the miscellaneous wood bonsai is pruned in early autumn, it will germinate again, and the leaves will not fall off in winter, such as hammer elm bonsai; if the trees grow weakly, it is better to prune in winter and spring. Due to the influence of the season

It is not suitable to change the basin in the middle of winter, which does great harm to the roots of miscellaneous wood bonsai, weakens its cold resistance and is easy to die.

Pay attention to the most important measures such as water control, heat preservation and light replenishment, and it is not so difficult for miscellaneous wood bonsai to survive the winter safely. As a tree species to watch the skeleton in winter, every branch of miscellaneous wood bonsai is pregnant with the expectation of spring, which is the beauty of the continuation of life. But it is worth reminding that cold-resistant miscellaneous wood bonsai, such as cycads, banyan trees, Fujian tea, Jiuli incense and other typical southern tree species, or indoor overwintering conservation is appropriate.

Maintenance and management of ancient pile bonsai in winter tree pile bonsai is maintained in the greenhouse in the middle of winter. the greenhouse has high temperature, high humidity, poor ventilation and poor ventilation, which is easy to cause poor growth and development. the maintenance should be carried out from the following aspects. Ventilation should be carried out frequently in the room for changing air temperature, and the general ventilation time should be carried out at noon on a sunny day. The size of the vents should be properly ventilated and cooled down according to the growth habits of tree stump bonsai and the temperature requirements. When the weather is cold, the vent should be small, the time should be short, on the contrary, the vent should be large, the time should be long. Through ventilation, the temperature and humidity can be reduced, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests can be prevented, and the indoor effective gas components can be supplemented. The indoor temperature is too high, the evergreen tree stump bonsai enters the second growth peak, the branch growth is weak, the resistance is poor.

The daylighting surface of the greenhouse should be made of glass material, which has good performance and high transparency, but its disadvantage is that it hinders the entry of ultraviolet rays. Ultraviolet radiation can hinder the growth of pile scene, limit its growth height, and can be sterilized and sterilized. Without enough ultraviolet radiation, evergreen pile scene branches should grow, soften and destroy its shape. Therefore, you should open the glass window and gradually be exposed to the sun to make the branches full and strong. Window opening time should be opened in sunny days when high temperature, ventilation, generally 2-3 hours a day, fallen leaves pile scene, can prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. Watering should be carried out at noon, when the soil temperature and water temperature are relatively close, which is conducive to root absorption. In addition, a large amount of ineffective water can evaporate away, reduce the difficulty of root breathing caused by over-wet soil, prevent mildew, benefit the water cycle in the plant and increase its resistance. In the dormant period of deciduous leaves pile scene, it is appropriate to see dry and wet. Fertilization is in the growing pile scene in winter, which should be dominated by phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and supplemented by nitrogen fertilizer. The principle of fertilization is that it is watered in sunny days, not in cloudy days, at noon, and not in the morning and evening. The deciduous pile scene is in the dormant period and should stop fertilizing. Some dormant pile scenes (such as rhododendron, sparrow plum, Acacia, etc.) appear dead branches after hibernation. Can choose winter while the bonsai is still dormant, change pots, change soil, pruning, with stimulating methods to break dormancy, so that these pile sprouts new sprouts, not only can maintain the original appearance of bonsai, but also grow branches and leaves for people to watch. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to prevent diseases and insect pests, materials with diseases and insect pests are strictly prohibited from entering the greenhouse, and greenhouse drug disinfection is done regularly. All greenhouse environments, including basin soil, culture soil, fertilizers, doors and windows, ground and various tools, are thoroughly sterilized and disinfected. Key points for winter maintenance of bonsai chrysanthemum

After the old plant of bonsai chrysanthemum is gently cut and rejuvenated after flowering, different ways of overwintering can be chosen due to different regions and weather conditions. Southern and central China do not have to bother to cover against the cold in winter, just put the bonsai under the leeward south wall. Rainy areas can safely survive the winter cold by properly preventing water from retting. Xiaoju should be covered slightly in winter in the mild area of northern China, as long as the chrysanthemum plant is not less than-10 ℃ in the coldest time, and the frost is serious in the north and plateau areas. The frost period is long, and the night temperature drops to-15 ℃ or even lower, so soil burial is commonly used. The lower part of the soil is buried while the upper part is covered with dry leaves, entering the cellar, entering the cold room, entering the lower temperature greenhouse and so on to avoid the cold winter. Here, the taboos of protection and management of bonsai chrysanthemum in the north and plateau during overwintering are introduced for reference, in order to avoid losses caused by improper handling of bonsai.

The roots and buds of small chrysanthemum have strong cold tolerance, which can generally bear the freezing of-30 ℃. The old stems, leaves, branches and buds above the rhizosphere are difficult not to be harmed below 0 ℃, so we often dry up in winter and grow in warm spring. The bonsai chrysanthemum we have raised for one year can not only blossom in the second year under reasonable management, but also after scientific pruning, control and styling, the whole plant grows longer and denser, and blossoms more than the first year. Here are some management taboos according to the above-mentioned overwintering methods.

Before the frost period comes, bonsai chrysanthemum is covered with pots or stripped of pots and covered with plain wet soil, first of all, it is taboo to use fertile soil or soil mixed with firewood, grass and leaves, because the plain soil will not mildew and generate heat to harm the roots and plants of chrysanthemum. If the dry leaves are covered with dry leaves, even if the leaves become wet due to snow, they will dry after sunny, so as not to do great harm to chrysanthemum plants. Second, it is taboo to keep watering after burying, because the wet soil is buried, and the small chrysanthemum does not grow nor consume water under the soil, even if the soil surface is dry, and the chrysanthemum plant is not in danger of dying all winter. so on the contrary, too much water will suffocate the slow breathing of the chrysanthemum plant, resulting in death and mildew. Third, taboo planing inspection, hibernating chrysanthemum plants gradually adapt to the small environment, no need to check visits, planing is easy to shovel dried chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum branches, but also easy to re-bury improper so that chrysanthemum plants are heated or frozen, this way of collection or the beginning to do carefully and thoughtful, spring rest assured that it is better.

Into the cellar or cold room bonsai chrysanthemum into the cellar or into the cold room overwintering can also take the basin or take off the basin, take off the basin into the cellar, enter the cold room also need wet to bury the roots, the upper part can be covered or exposed, but the ambient temperature should not be lower than-10 ℃, the ideal temperature is-4 ℃ to 4 ℃, keep dormant until spring sprouting in February and March. During this period, it is forbidden to be too dry and too wet; at the same time, we should not be careless in the monitoring of ambient temperature. it is harmful to chrysanthemum plants to forget to cover the mouth of the pit or to freeze the doors and windows, or to stimulate buds in the cellar or indoor. Generally speaking, it is easy to dry and need to be hydrated, but do not water it frequently. It is also easy to heat up when entering the house in sunny and warm weather, but do not forget to close the window at the right time.

Entering the lower temperature greenhouse chrysanthemum plant will stop dormancy at the beginning of winter and turn into the growth state, this situation must be managed, and it is taboo to let it grow wildly. The new buds should be reasonably sparse, and the long branches should be pruned or bent, that is, to enter the modeling management.

Avoiding the above taboos can make the old chrysanthemum plant thrive from dormancy to growth, and the chrysanthemum plant will contribute brilliantly again in autumn in the coming year.