Production technology and management method of jade leaf bonsai

Jade leaf, also known as green jade tree, golden branch jade leaf, Portulaca oleracea, ginkgo, is a perennial evergreen fleshy shrub of Portulaca oleraceae. The stem is fleshy, purple-brown to light brown, and the branches are nearly horizontal. The new branches are purplish red under the condition of sufficient sunlight, and green if the light is insufficient. Fleshy leaves Obovate, alternately opposite, leaf blade small, thick, green, surface shiny. Another variegated leaf variety "elegant music dance", the old stem is grayish purple, the leaves have large yellow-white patches, only a small part of the central part is light green, and can also be used to make bonsai, but because of its slow growth, the old stakes of Qiu Qiu qu are not easy to find. The old stakes of jade leaves are often used as rootstocks and grafted with the method of split grafting to make them take shape as soon as possible.

The cultivation of jade leaves can be cut with strong and full branches in the growing season, remove the lower leaves before cutting, dry them for a few days, dry the cut, and insert them in the culture soil prepared with rotten leaf soil, coarse sand or vermiculite and 1 part of garden soil. keep the soil a little moist after planting. Keep the basin soil moist without stagnant water after survival, keep the basin soil moist without stagnant water, do not apply fertilizer in the first 2 months to promote root growth, apply mature thin liquid fertilizer every 10 days or so, and cut off the young branches germinated at the base in time to concentrate nutrients and speed up the growth of the trunk.

When the jade leaf grows to a certain height, it can be modeled in the form of oblique dry type, straight dry type, curved dry type, cliff type, jungle type, stone-attached type, etc., with pruning as the main method and flat binding as the auxiliary. As it is a fleshy stem, do not strangle the wire into its epidermis when banding, otherwise it will cause succulent stem tearing. The sprouting power of jade leaves is strong, and it can be re-cut according to the needs of modeling, and lift the root to make the bonsai hang its roots and show its claws, which has a high ornamental value.

Yuye is native to South Africa, like warm, dry and sunny environment, resistant to drought and semi-shade, not resistant to waterlogging. Although it can also grow in the shade, the distance between the stem nodes will be longer, and the leaves will be large and thin, and there will be no luster, which will affect the ornamental. Summer high temperature can be properly shaded to prevent the scorching sun exposure, and pay attention to ventilation. Watering during the growing period to achieve "no dry, no watering, watering thoroughly", to avoid stagnant water in the basin soil, otherwise it will cause rotten roots. Mature dilute liquid fertilizer is applied every 15 to 20 days. Because of its strong germinating power, it should be pruned and sprouted frequently to maintain the beauty of the tree. Put it in a sunny place indoors in winter, stop fertilizing and control watering, the temperature should be above 10 ℃, although the plant will not die at about 5 ℃, but the leaves will fall off a large number. The basin is turned every 2 to 3 years in spring, and the basin soil can use sandy soil with medium fertility and good drainage and air permeability. When turning the pot, the plant was re-cut, the weak branches and other branches affecting the shape of the tree were cut off, part of the root system was cut off, and the original soil of 1 prime 2 to 1 / 3 was removed and replanted with new culture soil.

The production and management of jade leaf bonsai jade leaves, also known as green jade trees, golden branches and jade leaves, purslane trees and ginkgo trees, are perennial fleshy shrubs of Portulaca oleraceae, with fleshy stems, purple-brown to light brown branches and nearly horizontal branches. the new branches are purplish red under the condition of sufficient sunlight, and green if the light is insufficient. Fleshy leaves Obovate, alternately opposite, leaf blade small, thick, green, surface shiny. Another variegated leaf variety "elegant music dance", the old stem is grayish purple, the leaves have large yellow-white patches, only a small part of the central part is light green, and can also be used to make bonsai, but because of its slow growth, the old stakes of Qiu Qiu qu are not easy to find. The old stakes of jade leaves are often used as rootstocks and grafted with the method of split grafting to make them take shape as soon as possible.

The propagation of jade leaves can be cut with strong and full branches in the growing season. The lower leaves are removed before cutting and dried for a few days. After the cut is dried, it is planted in the culture soil prepared with rotten leaf soil, coarse sand or vermiculite and 1 part of garden soil. keep the soil a little moist after planting. Keep the basin soil moist without stagnant water after survival, keep the basin soil moist without stagnant water, do not apply fertilizer in the first 2 months to promote root growth, apply mature thin liquid fertilizer every 10 days or so, and cut off the young branches germinated at the base in time to concentrate nutrients and speed up the growth of the trunk.

When the jade leaf grows to a certain height, it can be modeled in the form of oblique dry type, straight dry type, curved dry type, cliff type, jungle type, stone-attached type, etc., with pruning as the main method and flat binding as the auxiliary. As it is a fleshy stem, do not strangle the wire into its epidermis when banding, otherwise it will cause succulent stem tearing. The sprouting power of jade leaves is strong, and it can be re-cut according to the needs of modeling, and lift the root to make the bonsai hang its roots and show its claws, which has a high ornamental value.

Yuye is native to South Africa, like warm, dry and sunny environment, resistant to drought and semi-shade, not resistant to waterlogging. Although it can also grow in the shade, the distance between the stem nodes will be longer, and the leaves will be large and thin, and there will be no luster, which will affect the ornamental. Summer high temperature can be properly shaded to prevent the scorching sun exposure, and pay attention to ventilation. Watering during the growing period to achieve "no dry, no watering, watering thoroughly", to avoid stagnant water in the basin soil, otherwise it will cause rotten roots. Mature dilute liquid fertilizer is applied every 15 to 20 days. Because of its strong germinating power, it should be pruned and sprouted frequently to maintain the beauty of the tree. Put it in a sunny place indoors in winter, stop fertilizing and control watering, the temperature should be above 10 ℃, although the plant will not die at about 5 ℃, but the leaves will fall off a large number. The basin is turned every 2 to 3 years in spring, and the basin soil can use sandy soil with medium fertility and good drainage and air permeability. When turning the pot, the plant was re-cut, the weak branches and other branches affecting the shape of the tree were cut off, part of the root system was cut off, and the original soil from 1prime 2 to 1max 3 was removed and replanted with new culture soil. How to breed jade leaf bonsai? The conservation methods and matters needing attention of jade leaf bonsai, also known as purslane, or silver gong sun tree, commonly known as "golden branch and jade leaf", scientific name Portulacaria afra Jacq (horse tooth tree of Africa), English name Elephant Bush (useless shrub of Africa), for Portulaca oleraceae, purslane fleshy evergreen shrub. The trunk is strong and sturdy, the node ring is wound, the branches are soft and upright outside, dense erect or profusion, and the leaves are small and thick, gathering branches, which not only shows the tall and straight vigor of the old trunk of ancient trees, but also has the vitality of luxuriant branches, but also its strong adaptability, light-like, drought resistance, pruning resistance and easy germination, especially suitable for balcony cultivation, it is an ideal plant material for making unique or co-planted bonsai. First, the preparation of jade leaf bonsai plant materials, jade leaves are generally not easy to obtain seeds, mostly by cutting propagation. Cutting can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn, but the effect of cutting in spring is the best. Due to the moderate temperature in spring, the incision of fleshy ear is not easy to be infected with bacteria and rot, which is most beneficial to the healing of incision and the germination of new roots. Generally, thick and straight 2-3-year-old stems or branches can be cut, and it is best to consider the ornamental effect of plant shape after survival. Single potted plants can choose straight stems or branches as cuttings, and plants with special shapes can choose stems or branches with special shape as cuttings. After proper pruning of the ear segment, the lower incision should be located at 0 below the node. 2CM~0 . 3CM, wait for the cut to dry, and then cut it in the clean sand or vermiculite, perlite and other substrates with a concentration of 1: 4, 1: 1, 3, keep the substrate moist, do not water too much, otherwise it is easy to cause rot, leading to cuttings failure, generally 3 weeks later can grow intact roots. In order to cultivate the plants suitable for making bonsai, the surviving plants can be transplanted into earthen pots to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer. According to the needs of bonsai production in the future, the plants can be pruned first, which can be pruned once a month. After about a year of cultivation, when the person has a certain plant shape, it can be used for bonsai production. Second, the production of jade leaf bonsai when the plants propagated by cuttings have basically taken shape after a year of cultivation, they have entered the bonsai production stage. Bonsai production can be carried out all the year round, according to the thickness, shape, branch length and location of plant materials, to decide whether to make single-stem or two-plant or multi-plant co-planting, and then choose the appropriate pots. In general, the plants with sturdy trunk, dense internodes, no branches in the middle and lower parts, more branches in the middle and upper parts and evenly distributed in all directions can be used to make straight and straight trunk bonsai; according to the shape of the plant, choose a round, rectangular blue or green shallow basin. For the plants whose stems are bent to one side but the overall lines are smooth, they can be planted in a thousand-barrel pot with blue or light yellow to make cliff-style bonsai, but more stones and coarse sand should be padded in the pot to reduce the stagnant water in the basin to cause rotten roots; for the plants with the beauty of one side, 2-3 plants can be selected to achieve the best combination, so that the guests and hosts are decent, oblique and echo each other, and the bonsai with wild interest in mountains and forests can also be planted together, which also has a very high grade. The basin for co-planting bonsai should choose rectangular or oval shallow basin, because its person has larger basin space, which can set off the stubbornness of the tree trunk and create a unique artistic conception, and it is also convenient to embellish fist stones and accessories. The newly finished jade leaf bonsai may not be very satisfactory, and later pruning is the most important means to realize its tree shape beautification and composition becoming more and more perfect. For the parts that need to form a crown sheet, repeated pruning can be carried out to promote the germination of the axillary buds on the lower side, and the emergence of new branches to form a dense crown sheet; it is worth noting that the time of pruning is to avoid the midsummer season and cloudy and rainy days, and do not water or spray within 1-2 days after pruning, so as to avoid mildew and rot after the fleshy new wound is infected with bacteria, resulting in counterproductive results. Because its stem is old and wrinkled, the branches are relatively sparse, and the leaves are relatively small, compared with the common banyan bonsai, it is just more simple and straightforward, which is especially suitable for expressing the spirit of the southern evergreen trees. Third, the conservation and management of jade leaf bonsai originated in hot Africa, its bonsai is more light-loving, because its branches and leaves are rich in water and belong to succulent plants, they can accept more light, and they can receive full light on the balcony in summer; if shaded too much, it will lead to slender branches and leaves, thinning leaves, reducing its due ornamental value. Pot soil should be loose and fertile, especially not too much watering, otherwise it is easy to cause plant root rot, Jingxiang its normal growth; jade leaves have poor cold resistance, usually transferred to a bright indoor in winter, and maintain a room temperature not lower than 5oC in order to survive the winter safely. The short twigs on the trunk of the jade leaf should be wiped off in time so as not to affect the ventilation and light transmission of the inner chamber, and can form nodal scars on the trunk and increase the sense of vicissitudes of the trunk; the bonsai of jade leaves can be changed once every 2 or 3 years, break off some aging roots and persistent soil after taking off the plant, re-use good permeable fertile soil to plant well, and keep the basin soil moist, in order to promote its sprouting new roots and enhance the growth momentum of the plant. The topdressing of potted Yushu is better with the fertilizer and water of cooked thin cakes, once a month in the growing season, stop topdressing in midsummer, and reduce the supply of water and fertilizer after entering autumn, which is not only beneficial to its growth, but also conducive to its safe overwintering and summer.