With this strategy, it will be enough to introduce 30 kinds of commonly used soil for cultivation. 20 kinds of soil allocation schemes will not be matched.

24 April

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Editor / succulent plant sink

Succulent farming is inseparable from soil. Huichang collected and sorted out the data of 30 kinds of succulent common soil and 20 kinds of soil allocation schemes for the benefit of meat friends.

1. Garden soil

The most common cultivated soil, vegetable garden and green belt soil can be regarded as. The advantage is that it is convenient to draw materials.

The disadvantage is that there may be pests such as cabbage insects, molds and fungi, and the surface is easy to harden when dry, and poor ventilation and permeability when wet, so it can not be used alone. It is generally recommended to mix with earthworm dung and granular soil.

two。 Vermiculite

It is a mica-like substance formed by heating silicate materials at 800-1100 ℃. It is characterized by air permeability, water retention and strong hydraulic conductivity, which is conducive to root growth. The main function is to increase the ventilation and water retention of soil (medium).

The disadvantage is fragile, with the extension of the use time, it is easy to make the medium dense and lose ventilation and water retention, so the coarse vermiculite has a longer use time than the fine one, and the effect is good.

3. Peat soil

Also known as black soil and peat, it is a special organic matter formed by the accumulation of plant remains in ancient low temperatures and wetlands for tens of millions of years and slowly decomposed under the conditions of low temperature, little rain and lack of oxygen. Peat soil is rich in nutrients and soft and breathable, which is very conducive to the initial rooting of succulent plants. If plants want to grow quickly, they might as well add more peat soil.

The disadvantage is that if succulent plants are planted entirely in peat soil, the soil will harden over time, and the succulent roots will not be able to breathe. Therefore, when in use, a certain proportion of granular soil should be added to make the soil have gaps and prevent consolidation.

4. Rice husk charcoal / bran ash

Rice husk ash, also known as smoked charcoal, is made from rice husk by fumigation, which is alkaline and is usually used to mix soil acidity and alkalinity. The utility model has the advantages of light weight, good permeability, good fat retention and strong adsorption. Rich in potash, a small amount of calcium and magnesium, soft texture, easy to root, can protect succulent plants from mollusks such as snails, and is very cheap.

But twelve rolls of plants like acidity, it is best not to use rice husk charcoal.

5. Perlite

It is a kind of acid lava from volcanic eruption, a glassy rock formed by sharp cooling, named because of its pearl fissure structure. Perlite has good water permeability and air permeability, strong fertilizer retention ability, and can be used to make pot mixture and soil improvement.

But perlite will shatter after about a year, is an accomplice in soil caking, and perlite is harmful to people when inhaled. Compared with vermiculite, the comprehensive properties of perlite are slightly worse.

6. Red jade soil

It is a very rare substance, which is formed by the accumulation of volcanic ash. This is also the most widely used soil medium in Japan and other countries. Can be called high permeability volcanic mud, the shape is round, there are no harmful bacteria, the PH value is slightly acidic. The plant material with porous structure and excellent air permeability contains a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and is fragile.

Meat breeders all know that Chiyu soil is the most common succulent soil. The most important feature is that it is expensive, and most of the precious succulent plants are cultivated in Chiyu soil. Because it is grayish yellow when it is dry and reddish brown after absorbing water, it is easy to judge the soil moisture, and the red jade soil pavement can be used to judge whether the water inside the flowerpot is dry or not.

7. Ceramsite

It is a granular substance with certain porosity formed by clay fired at high temperature, which has good performance of water and fertilizer conservation. The bottom of the basin can replace the stone at the bottom of the bowl, and its gap is large, so it is very suitable for drainage. The ceramsite can be fixed by combining ceramsite and cinder together, and the moisture absorption is better.

When mixed with other soil, it is mainly used to conserve water. The basin noodles can be used for decoration and anti-splashing. The particle size is used according to your preference, generally the bigger the bottom, the better. It has high hardness and can be reused after turning the basin.

8. Loose scale

Pine scales are pine bark, which is highly absorbent and can be mixed in the soil to retain moisture. Loose scales are nutritious and can prevent soil consolidation. If there are loose scales, there is no need to put vermiculite and perlite.

Loose scales are easy to get. As long as it is not afraid to break the bark too hard, it can be widely used. A good place to get pine scales is the forest farm, the kind of place where pine sticks are sold, especially in the suburbs. Pine sticks are the sticks that people often see on the side of the road or in the green belt of the community to support big trees.

9. Deer marsh soil

A rare substance occurs in the volcanic areas of the deer marsh area. Is generated by the lower volcanic soil, in the form of volcanic sand, PH value is acidic, has high permeability, water storage capacity and ventilation. The size of the deer marsh soil is not quite the same. there are many holes. Whether it is used for professional production or family cultivation or soil improvement, it has a good effect.

The character and usage of deer marsh soil is the same as that of red jade soil, which is lighter, but it has good water absorption and is easy to pulverize for two years. As a soil for succulent planting, it is widely used. Like red jade soil, it is not recommended to use it alone, although many people use it alone.

10. Rotten leaf soil

It is a rotten leaf soil composed of litter and decaying roots. it is rich in humus and good physical properties, which is conducive to fertilizer conservation and drainage, and the soil is loose. Slightly acidic. It can also accumulate fallen leaves and ferment and mature.

There are many advantages: first, light and loose, good permeability and ventilation, strong ability of water and fertilizer conservation, and long duration of fertility.

The second is porous, long-term application is not hardened, easy to be absorbed by plants. When mixed with other soils, it can improve soil and improve soil fertility.

Third, it is rich in organic matter, humic acid and a small amount of vitamins, auxins and trace elements, which can promote the growth and development of plants; fourth, the high temperature in decomposition and fermentation can kill bacteria, insect eggs and weed seeds, and reduce the harm of diseases, insects and weeds.

The disadvantage is that in the process of soil collection, there will be non-fermented soil, thus bringing eggs and bacteria; poor water permeability, fragile roots.

11. Helioid stone

Sunxiang stone is a kind of volcanic pumice distributed in the city of Rixiang in western Japan. It looks a bit like deer marsh soil and is as dry as other pumice stones.

Solar stone is a kind of light stone treated by high temperature sterilization, which can improve the drainage and air permeability of soil. Suitable for plant varieties that do not like to change pots and do not need to change pots, in addition to bonsai and fairy balls, it can also be used as the surface decorative soil of potted plants, and it is also suitable as a part of cutting soil.

The disadvantage is fragile without fertility, it is to add soil, use too much or completely, will affect the stability of plants. Generally, the effect of mixing with red jade soil and deer marsh soil is better.

twelve。 Absorbent stone

Also known as sand stone, the scientific name travertine or travertine, water absorption is particularly strong. Conducive to parasitic moss and planting plants, so full of vitality, the main composition is calcium carbonate, including argillaceous.

It is produced in calcareous strata. due to the action of Rain Water and spring water, it erodes the rock formation. when the carbon and calcium is dissolved by water containing carbonate gas, it flows down the slope and permeates from the hillside and stone crevices to areas that can be conceived, and the water evaporates. Calcium carbonate slowly precipitated and formed sandy stones over a long period of time.

13. Granular peat

It has high hardness and can even be used as a slow-release fertilizer, rich in organic matter and humic acid, with slow-release function, which can obviously prolong and improve the effect of plant fertilization and keep the plant color bright green.

It can be used for plant base fertilizer and topdressing, and can be used as one of the main materials for the preparation of air root plant culture substrate. Generally put in the middle or bottom, will not be hardened, but also conducive to drainage.

14. Black immortal soil

"Xiandu" is taken from the surface of Emei Xianshan at an altitude of 1200 meters, sleeps for thousands of years, picks up the essence of heaven and earth, turns decay into magic, comes from nature, uses it naturally, and is the natural culture medium for plants, especially orchids and potted plants.

The advantage is that it contains a variety of trace elements, coupled with its own cohesion, not loose, good water retention, air permeability, no consolidation, no bacteria, no chaotic roots, multi-sprouting. There is no need to apply fertilizer within two years, but a little thin fertilizer can be applied in 3-5 years. Through practice, American soil experts have proved that the immortal soil itself is disease-free and insect-proof.

The disadvantage is that coarse particles are not conducive to root adhesion.

15. Maifan stone

A natural silicate mineral, scientific name: quartz monzonite. Maifan stone is a compound mineral or medicinal rock that is non-toxic, harmless and has certain biological activity.

It is yellowish gray and can stabilize, improve and balance the physical function of the soil. And Maifan stone can absorb some bad substances in the soil and has a purifying effect. The use of Maifan stone can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and soil modifiers, and can economically and effectively improve soil quality and protect the environment.

The stone ground of wheat rice is hard and not easy to pulverize, so it has a very good weight pressing effect on the pavement. Therefore, Maifan stone has also become a necessary soil medium for the majority of succulent plant lovers. If you feel that it is not good to plant, use Maifan stone.

16. Plant ash

Residue from burning herbs and woody plants. Its advantage is that plant ash is the ash of plant combustion, so almost all the mineral elements contained in plant ash can promote seed germination, seedling neatness, root and prevent leaf loss.

The disadvantage is that the ash of vegetation is light and alkaline, easy to go with the wind when dry, easy to go with water when wet, easy to cause nitrogen volatilization loss in contact with nitrogen fertilizer, and can not be mixed with phosphate fertilizer, so as not to cause phosphorus fixation and reduce the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.

17. Coconut coconut

It is a powdery substance between coconut shell fibers. The plant planted with this product has excellent growth effect, and it is the most popular soilless culture substrate in the world.

The advantages are cheap, pure natural products, clean materials, no germs, can reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests; rich in trace elements necessary for plant growth; heat preservation and moisturizing, ventilation and ventilation, promote the good development of plant roots; not easy to rot, can be used for a long time, and do not need to update the material; can be completely biodegradable. And the slightly acidic water quality is good for the areas with alkaline water quality in the north.

But only with coconut planting, the succulent root system in the later stage is fragile, easy to harden, easy to harden, and easy to rot in summer. So it is generally a mixture of peat soil and coconut to grow succulent plants.

18. Volcanic rock

Volcanic rock is a kind of porous stone, which is generally used for pavement. Hard, sterile, loose and porous, strong air permeability, not easy to deform, rich in minerals, can also be used for the second time.

Volcanic rocks are rich in major elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, phosphorus, antimony and other trace elements. Because of the high content of iron and magnesium, most of them are black, dark green and brick red. Its micro-fertilizer is very suitable for succulent planting.

Cinder is similar to volcanic rock, but it is fragile. Volcanic rock, which comes from deep mountain and arid areas, is less affected by air erosion, so it has high hardness and is suitable for succulent plants, orchids and bonsai plants.

19. Light stone

Porous natural volcanic stone, loose texture, multi-void structure, water absorption of 55%, good air permeability and water permeability. Can float on the surface of the water, so it is called pumice, light weight, so it is also called light stone. There are 2-5mm sowing soil and 3-8mm planting soil, which is also a very cheap granular soil.

Light stone is highly absorbent and has the same effect as perlite, but its pulverization is slow. It is a very good succulent soil with peat soil. Personally, I think that small-grained light stone can completely replace perlite, and large-grained light stone can replace ceramsite as the bottom stone.

20. Plant gold stone

It is a porous light rock formed by the rapid volatilization of water vapor during the eruption of volcanic magma. It is an excellent plant material with air permeability, water permeability and moisture retention, and is not fragile. Whether used alone or mixed with other substrates, it can achieve excellent results.

The characteristics are similar to those of light stone, very light, with just the right hardness, not too hard and not as easy to pulverize as red jade. Therefore, it has the characteristics of light weight, drainage, moisturizing and air permeability.

And clean and hygienic, green environmental protection. Aseptic, no smell, no eggs, can inhibit the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and no environmental pollution, with bark or coconut shell brick, snake wood use effect is very good, can also be used for many root heat-averse plants, cover the roots, safely spend the summer. However, the plant stone does not contain fertilizer and needs to be added at a later stage.

21. Honeycomb cinder

The residue of honeycomb briquette combustion is the planting medium with the highest performance-to-price ratio for planting succulent plants. Cinder is burned at high temperature without germs, is not easy to produce diseases, contains more trace elements, breathability and strong water retention. It is suitable to be used alone or with other media. The ceramsite can be fixed at the bottom together with ceramsite and has better moisture absorption.

The disadvantage is that it is not fat and fragile. When the cinder is used, it is first broken to screen out the particles. The cinder with small particles 3mm or so can be mixed in the soil, and the large particles can be used as the bottom of the flowerpot. Another point to note is that honeycomb cinder is alkaline and needs to be soaked in water for a few days to remove alkalinity, otherwise it may burn out the root system.

twenty-two。 River sand

Also known as plain sand, is the clean sand in the river, is the natural stone in the natural state, through the water force for a long time repeated collision, friction produced, its composition is more complex, the surface has a certain smoothness, high content of impurities of non-metallic ore. River sand particles are smooth, relatively clean and come from a wide range of sources.

The river sand is tasteless and the sea sand is salty. The meat that grows on the sand is fat because the quartz crystal, the main component of the sand, refracts in the sun.

Succulent plants can be exposed to ultraviolet rays invisible to the naked eye from multiple angles, including the back of leaves that cannot shine on the sun. Sufficient light, strong photosynthesis, coupled with reasonable watering, succulent chubby. Everyone needs to wash the sand on the construction site. There is no cement.

23. Coarse sand

Coarse sand is the product of river sand after filtering out medium-fine sand and ultra-fine sand. It has good air permeability and drainage performance, and is clean and sanitary. It contains quartz, iron, magnesium and other trace elements is conducive to the absorption of plants, and its granulation is good with other substrates.

Mainly sand grains with a diameter of 2-3 mm, which are neutral. Coarse sand does not contain any nutrients and has the function of aeration and water permeability. Generally, coarse sand is used with peat soil, and coarse sand can replace perlite. In addition, coarse sand + peat is the best combination of cutting and rooting.

24. Earthworm dung

Earthworm dung is a kind of pure natural aggregate substance. It has good ventilation, drainage and moisture retention, sufficient fertilizer effect and comprehensive nutrients.

Earthworm manure is not so much succulent soil as succulent fertilizer. It is generally mixed with garden soil at 1:3 without fertilization within a year. It is rich in 18 kinds of amino acids and contains 100 million strains of beneficial microorganisms per gram. What is more valuable is that it contains a large number of anti-caking microorganisms, which can make the soil loose and unconsolidated. It is the most ideal fertilizer for all kinds of flowers, vegetables and crops. It is known as the king of organic fertilizer.

25. Bone powder

Bone meal is a refined, dried and crushed product that will come from the food industry of animal origin (mammalian tissue and bones, excluding fur, unless the fur adheres to the head and horns).

Crude bone meal and steamed bone powder contain about 23% and 30% calcium, 10% and 14.5% phosphorus respectively, which can be used as mineral feed for livestock, and those of poor quality can be used as fertilizer.

twenty-six。 Tung sand

Paulownia sand is a kind of volcanic sand, named after Tongsheng, Japan, which contains a lot of Fe2O3 (iron oxide), showing a hard stone sand shape, the most important feature is expensive, hard, good drainage, used for succulent plants and other plants. Reddish volcanic rocks with high iron content and heavy weight.

Tung sand is hard and well drained, so it can be laid at the bottom to drain water. When planting raw stone flowers, many people use tung sand and red jade soil to mix.

twenty-seven。 Fuji sand

Also known as black gold sand, black volcanic rock, is a porous stone formed after volcanic eruption, also named after place names, produced in the area of Mount Fuji in Japan. It is also different from ordinary volcanic ash, it has good permeability, water storage, fluidity and drainage.

In planting, it can be used for plant mixing, paving, bottom and so on. Can be mixed with red jade and other soil, suitable for succulent, immortal plants, bonsai, alpine flowers and other added media.

twenty-eight。 Iridescent stone

Iridescent stone is made of imported raw materials, it is a kind of culture medium with stable structure, and it is the best choice when organic soil can not be used as culture medium. It contains the nutrients needed by plants, maintains pH, and can store 40% of its own volume of water while providing the best air flow pores.

The rainbow stone is hard to be pulverized, absorbs water and breathes air, and does not decompose or break into pieces; it does not breed mosquitoes and does not have any disease, insect or weed seeds; its bulk density is appropriate, and it is neither blown away by the wind nor as heavy as a stone; it can be used as a base stone, or as a garden mulch or a pot mulch, beautiful.

When used, it can not only rely on rainbow stone as all cultivation media, but also be mixed with peat, vermiculite, perlite, red jade soil, deer marsh soil and other media to improve the performance of cultivation media.

twenty-nine。 Water moss

Water moss, also known as peat moss, is a kind of natural moss, belonging to the bryophyte family. Grows in mountainous areas at high elevations, tropical, subtropical or marshes. The water moss has a very soft physique and strong water absorption, and its water absorption is equivalent to 15 times of its own weight. It has the characteristics of long water retention time but breathability, and its PH value is 5: 6. It is widely used in the cultivation of all kinds of orchids and is one of the materials on the cultivation substrate.

Water moss before use, soak the dry water moss in clear water for a period of time, the water moss that absorbs enough water will gradually come back to life, the volume will become several times larger, it can be used. Water moss is a pure natural product with clean materials and no germs, which can reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests; good water retention and drainage performance; excellent ventilation performance; not easy to rot, can be used for a long time, and do not need to update all materials; it can be used alone or mixed with other substrates, and cultivation is easy.

thirty。 Green zeolite

The biggest function is to prevent plant root rot, effectively inhibit the reproduction of harmful substances in the soil, and improve the ability of meat to resist disease, drought and stress. At the same time, it has the ability of adsorption and slow release of molecules, slow release of nutrients, prevention of burning seedlings, good ventilation, long-term looseness, storage and supply of oxygen and nitrogen.

After understanding the characteristics of these soils, then comes our top priority-20 soil allocation schemes.

Option 1:

Peat soil 50% + vermiculite (1-3mm) 25% + perlite (1-3mm) 25%. The method verified by countless people is super simple, super money-saving and super easy to use.

Option 2:

peat soil 50%+ honeycomb ash (1-3mm)50%. It's also super cheap, super easy.

Option 3:

peat soil + rice husk charcoal + vermiculite (1-3mm)+ pearlite (1-3mm)+ red jade soil (1-3mm). Mix 3:1:1:1. This method is simple in configuration, a little more expensive than the second method, and the actual emergence rate is almost the same as the second method.

Option 3:

Garden soil 40%-50%+ coarse sand 40%-50%+ particles 10%. I believe many meat friends see this ratio to recall their own just beginning, directly find some garden soil plus sand began to raise more meat.

Option 4:

peat soil 10 -15%, coarse sand 15 -20%, and particles 60 -80%. The proportion is not very strict, and the particle occupancy rate is higher. Such a ratio is very common, and many meat friends are using this scheme.

Option 5:

Garden soil 10%-15%+ moldy soil 10%+ coarse sand 20%+ light stone 40%+ chaff ash 10 chaff ash. This ratio is also suitable for most succulent plants, chaff ash is the ash burned from rice husk.

Option 6:

Garden soil 10 -15%, moldy soil 10%, sawdust 20%, light stone 40%, base fertilizer 10%. Comparatively good ratio, many meat friends are also using this program, sawdust is also common, it is easy to find.

Option 7:

Celestial soil 20%-25%+ Phytolith 50%-60%+ Nutrient powder 6%-8%. A lot of raw stone flower soil formula. There are no strict requirements. It's a more appropriate proportion.

Option 8:

fairy soil 20%, peat soil 20 -30%, light stone 40 -50%. This is a good choice for succulent plants with hard leaves. And enough nutrients.

Option 9:

peat soil 50%, coarse sand 20 -25%, heavy stone 25 -30%. Heavy stone can be ceramsite, pearlite, honeycomb coal, these are OK. This is for succulent seedlings. It's still pretty good.

Option 10:

Garden soil 30%+ humus soil 20%-30%+ particles 40% or so. Breathability is good, plus such nutrients are relatively sufficient, it is a very good matching scheme.

Option 11:

peat soil 30%+ peat soil 20%+ coarse sand 15%+ stone 20%+ nutrient powder 10%. Bone meal, shell powder, even eggshell powder, are OK, there is no hard rule must be added, you can try to use it. Such a mixture of soil had sufficient nutrients.

Option 12:

Garden soil 30%+ small particles 30%+ large particles 30%+ nutrient powder 10%. Such a ratio, as far as possible in bright places, more meat see more light, the best circulation of air.

Option 13:

peat soil 25%+ coal cinder 40%+ rice husk charcoal 15%+ nutrient powder 10%. The proportion of cinders can continue to increase by about 5%, which will not affect the effect of soil mixing too much. Nutrient powder can be up to 8%. There are no strict requirements.

Option 14:

peat soil 20%+ charcoal particles 20%+ granular stone 40%+ slow release fertilizer 10%. It can also be 1:1:1. Granules can be chosen by themselves. Because slow release fertilizer already has fertility effect. You don't have to put grain stones with fertility. There is no great necessity.

Option 15:

Garden soil 30%+ granular stone 30%+ charcoal 10%+ coarse sand 10%+ slow release fertilizer (nutrient powder) 10%. Air permeability can be, drainage strong. And fertility. That's okay.

Option 16:

peat soil 20%+ granular stone 35%+ coarse sand 10%+ coarse particles 15%+ slow release fertilizer 10% or so. It is also a relatively good group of matching schemes, increasing nutrition at the same time, ventilation, drainage can be.

Option 17:

Garden soil 25%+ coarse sand 10%+ granular stone 30%+ rice husk ash 15%+ nutrient powder 10%, there is no strict requirement, garden soil and coarse sand can be increased by about 5%, these materials are also relatively easy to obtain.

Option 18:

Garden soil 30%+ cinder 40%+ rice husk ash 20%+ nutrient powder 10% or so. This is also a very simple recipe, suitable for most meaty, some need to increase the proportion of the following nutritional powder. But not more than 5%.

Option 19:

peat soil 30%+ coarse sand 30%+ light stone 30%+ nutrient powder 10%. Coarse sand, then try to choose relatively large particles. Maintain soil permeability. Not too small.

Option 20:

Garden soil 35%+ granular stone 50%+ nutrient powder 15%. The simplest ratio, ventilation and drainage rely on granular stone, fertilizer is nutrient powder. Good choice.

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