Causes of premature senescence of soybean

Soybean is what we call soybean in our life. It belongs to the annual herb of leguminous soybean genus, and its height generally does not exceed 1 meter. Soybean nutrition is more comprehensive, rich in nutrients, protein content is rich, many times higher than pork, eggs, etc., the quality is also very good. However, with the continuous expansion of soybean planting area, the phenomenon of premature aging is becoming more and more serious. Premature aging will seriously affect the quality and yield of soybean. What are the reasons for premature aging of soybean? Let's take a look at it together.

1. Cultivation methods

When planting soybeans, avoid continuous cropping, rotation should be implemented, because continuous cropping will easily lead to premature aging of soybeans. The main reason is that the pathogenic bacteria and insect sources of soybean crops cannot be reduced or eliminated through rotation, resulting in the continuous increase and accumulation of pathogenic bacteria and parasites in the soil. So it leads to a proliferation of soil pathogens and parasites. Secondly, because soybeans do not absorb sufficient essential nutrients during planting, nutrient imbalances in the soil, such as lack of trace elements such as phosphorus, potassium and zinc. Finally, because the excrement of the roots was not tilled and cleaned up in time, it accumulated in the soil and formed harmful substances to soybeans, causing the soil to be alkaline and poisoning the plants.

2. Climate impact

Soybean requires less light time, it is a crop with short sunshine, the photoperiod is about 18 hours, the most suitable temperature for soybean growth is about 25 degrees, and the water content in the soil needs to reach 20% during the emergence period and branching period. The flowering water requirement is larger, about 80%, because soybeans are more sensitive to the above planting environment. Abnormal climate change will have a serious impact on the growth and development of soybean. If it exceeds or does not reach the physiological requirements of the growth period, it will have a high probability of causing premature aging of soybean.

3. Pest damage

Diseases and insect pests are one of the main reasons for premature aging of soybean. Many times farmers do not pay attention to continuous cropping or soil disinfection, and are unwilling to change planting fields. Experiments have shown that continuous cropping fields are the most serious when premature senescence occurs, because there are a large number of germs and parasites in the soil in continuous cropping areas, which are difficult to eliminate. Many diseases and insect pests only take soybean as host, such as root rot, verticillium wilt, root miner, etc. These diseases and insect pests will seriously affect the normal growth and development of soybean and cause premature senescence of soybean. Therefore, we must be careful not to implement continuous cropping, tillage and disinfection of the soil.

4. Lack of nutrition

Soybean in the process of planting fertilizer needs more, and the nutrients needed are more comprehensive, is a variety of nutrients, a full range of crops. Therefore, if there is not enough nutrition or lack of a certain nutrient in the growth, it will have a great impact on the growth of soybeans. Moreover, because of the fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizer and the inhibition of yield, a large amount of chemical fertilizer is now used, and a series of unreasonable management methods such as continuous cropping will cause the lack of nutrients in soybeans, which is the lack of nutrition and malnutrition of soybeans and causes premature aging of soybeans.

The above four points are the main reasons for premature aging of soybeans. The nutrients required for soybeans are very comprehensive, and the lack of them will affect its normal growth and development, so we must ensure the nutrients required for soybeans. Soybean water demand is also relatively large, but not waterlogging tolerance, so encounter rainstorm weather or more water in the field, must be timely drainage, to prevent water from retting roots. I hope this article helps everyone!