Cultivation techniques of mustard

Mustard is a kind of shepherd's purse, which is a kind of semi-dry fermented amaranth, which is generally used to make pickles. It is one of the famous specialties in China and one of the three famous pickles in the world. Fuling mustard is more famous in our country, it is rich in protein, carotene and other nutrients, with spleen appetizer, relieve dizziness and other effects. What we usually eat is processed mustard, but the following editor brings the cultivation techniques of mustard before processing.

1. Sowing seeds at the right time

The sowing time of mustard is very critical. In China, mustard is mainly sown in autumn and usually begins sowing around October, depending on weather conditions and planting environment. Sometimes the difference in sowing time for three days may cause a great difference in yield. Sooner or later, the sowing time is related to the quality and yield of mustard. If sowing too early, it may lead to serious virus disease and early bolting. Sowing too late will cause the tuber of mustard to become smaller and reduce the yield.

2. Seedling planting

The cultivation of mustard seedlings is also the key factor for the high yield and quality of mustard in the later stage. The seeds should be washed and soaked before sowing. Generally, 50 grams of seeds are mixed with 10 kilograms of mud, then spread with coke ash to cover the mustard seeds, and finally covered with forage to moisturize. After waiting for the seeds to sprout, the forage can be removed and planted, and after planting, the seedlings can be interspersed when the first leaf appears in the seedlings, and the variants with fast growth and large leaves should be removed. During the second and third leaves, the seedlings were carried out for the second time, and the maldeveloped weak seedlings were removed to maintain a reasonable density and ensure normal growth.

3. Rational fertilization

The amount of fertilizer required in the growth process of mustard is relatively large, and the demand for base fertilizer is also relatively high. The amount of base fertilizer should be determined according to the planting area. Generally, the base fertilizer per mu is about 4000 jin, and pig manure is the best base fertilizer. It is necessary to start topdressing by stages during the growth period, and the first topdressing should be carried out 30 days after planting, using fully mature farm manure. Then the second time before the beginning of winter fertilizer, you can also apply farm manure, after topdressing, ploughing and soil preparation for the winter. Keep the soil moist while not alternating between dry and wet, in order to prevent early flowering of desalination, stop fertilization one month before harvest, and prevent the hollow caused by growing too fast.

4. Disease and pest control

The diseases and pests of mustard mustard are mainly aphids, and aphids can also cause viral diseases of mustard mustard, especially in dry weather, so it must be prevented in time in summer dry weather. Especially in the seedling stage and the initial stage of planting, these two stages are the key periods for the control of aphids. Immediately after harvest, the soil should be ploughed and disinfected, exposed to the soil, kill bacteria and parasites in the soil, reduce the incidence of pathogens and the coming year, or not continuous cropping.

The above is about the cultivation technology of mustard, mustard is generally used for processing after planting, so if the mustard is not planted well, it will affect the final processing quality of mustard, commodity value and reputation. When planting, we must have a correct method of planting and management. after all, it is closely related to our own interests, and we must prevent and control diseases and insect pests in time when they are found. diseases and insect pests can lead to a substantial reduction or even extinction of mustard mustard production.