Key points of culture of potted orchids in October

It is another golden season for the growth of orchids in a year because of the crisp autumn in October, the appropriate temperature in most parts of China and the large temperature difference between day and night, so it is necessary to apply comprehensive fertilizer according to the actual situation of orchid seedlings. More phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to robust orchid seedlings to enhance their ability to keep out the cold and lay a solid foundation for early germination and strong sprouting in the coming year; for orchids sprouting in autumn, organic fertilizer with full nutrients should be applied to meet the various nutrients needed for the growth of orchids. Urge it to grow strong before winter comes. But in principle, fertilization should be stopped at the end of the month.

Let the orchids bask in the sun

This month, Cold Dew and Frosts Descent have two seasons, the sun is soft, there is no need for shade during the day, you can rest assured that orchids can receive full-day light, which is very good for promoting orchid growth, enhancing orchid plant resistance and safe winter.

Increase the humidity of the orchid room

The precipitation this month is small, the air humidity is low, and the plant in the basin is easy to dry, so we should pay attention to increase the air humidity of the orchid room to prevent the orchid leaf from withering and scorching. Areas with good air quality can be drenched in autumn rain, but should be sheltered in case of continuous rain. Do not let orchid plants be drenched in the rain for a long time to prevent waterlogged roots and orchid leaves from breeding black spot.

Pay attention to extreme weather and prevent frost

If extreme weather occurs later this month, there may be early frost in the south of the Yangtze River, and the temperature in the temperate and high cold regions of the north will sometimes be below 0 ℃. Outdoor orchid farmers should pay attention to watch the weather forecast and do a good job of frost prevention and frost prevention at any time.

Combined with turning the pot, carry on the orchid trade.

Most of the orchid plants are mature this month, which is the best time to introduce varieties, turn pots, split plants and change materials in a year. If a full pot of mature orchid seedlings needs to be turned, this work had better be completed before the end of the month; if the new grass is not fully grown, it is best to postpone turning the pot to facilitate its continued growth until next spring. Introduction is the first step in orchid cultivation. It is crucial to make a good start and take a good step, but we must pay attention to the following problems. First, strict quality control, do not introduce sick seedlings. Lanyou needs to open his eyes when introducing and shut out the sick orchid in accordance with the principle of quality first. Orchid seedlings can be divided into strong grass, medium grass and weak grass, and there is a big difference in price. Skilled orchids can properly introduce small and medium-sized grasses, which can not only save money, but also improve their own skills; beginners of orchids had better introduce native species with strong adaptability to grow strong grass, although the price is high, but it is relatively easy to grow. The second is to strictly control the environment and improve the success rate. The environment of orchid cultivation must be considered in the introduction of orchids, which has a great influence on the success rate after introduction. Orchid friends with modern orchid cultivation facilities and superior conditions can boldly introduce greenhouse seedlings; orchid friends with simple facilities had better be introduced from orchid friends with similar orchid cultivation environment, and they have a greater chance of success. Generally speaking, the orchid raised by the introduction family balcony is the safest, the adaptability is the strongest and the success rate is the highest. The third is to close Lanyou strictly to ensure that the goods are authentic. The team of orchid friends is a mixture of fish and dragons, in order to avoid being deceived, it is best to go to the well-known integrity orchid home in person to buy, although the price is high, but the goods are genuine. Never try to be cheap and buy from illegal orchid vendors who don't know the details, so as not to be deceived and lose all your money.

Thinning buds and promoting strength

This month, most buds of strong grass should be thinned in accordance with the principle of removing the weak and staying strong, all the buds issued by the old grass should be removed, and only the strongest buds issued by the former dragons should be left, and the rest should also be removed so that the flowers will bloom in the coming year.

Key points of management of flower culture in December

Key points of flower culture management in December 1. The types of flowers that can be sown in the greenhouse in December are: big rock tree, asparagus, gentleman orchid, bulb begonia, cyclamen, winter coral, African chrysanthemum and so on. The types of flowers and trees that can be picked or planted outdoors or stored in sand are: rose (such as Elizabeth), Phyllostachys pubescens, rich seeds, holly, fiery thorns, palms, privet, camphor, lobular privet, disease-free, heather, cypress and so on.

2. The woody ornamental flowers and trees that can be cut in the open field in December are plum blossom (mainly palace powder, green calyx, etc.), rose (mainly Elizabeth, abundant rose, miniature rose, etc.). Red leaf plum, wax plum (heel cutting), Spiraea, yellow poplar and so on. Among them, yellow soil should be used for cutting plum blossom and red leaf plum, mixed substrate of rice chaff ash and fine sand 2 ∶ 1 should be used for rose cutting, and general sandy soil should be used for other kinds of cutting, which can be covered with plastic film to keep heat and moisture.

In the greenhouse, African violets can be cultivated in leaves; combined with pruning, mulberry, geranium, lotus flower, epiphyllum, gemstone, stone lotus, purslane, rooting, longevity flower, golden bract, shrimp flower, four seasons begonia, bamboo begonia, Rieger begonia, pearl orchid, jasmine, Longtuzhu, five-colored plum, goose palm wood, Ruixiang, green apple, Zhu Jiao and so on. Using cold room nursery bed, you can also cultivate gardenia, Jinxin (Phnom Penh) boxwood, ten meritorious services, hypericum, Admiralty, Yingchun, Luohansong, Luohanbai, June snow, firethorn, silver bud willow, three branches and so on. In addition, branches such as Lingxiao, cloves and grapes can be cut for sand storage and cut again next spring.

3. Excellent varieties of grafted plum blossom, such as bone red and cinnabar, can be used in December to dig up the rootstocks and split or cut the rootstocks, then plant them on the seedling bed according to a certain row spacing, bury the soil above the grafting site, or even cover most of the grafted ear, pay attention not to seep into the joint when watering, cover the plastic film to keep warm and moisturize, and then remove the covered plastic film in spring after the scion sprouts. Use the excavated wild rose plant to bud the rose of the superior variety, or use the robust branch segment of the Elizabeth rose variety (10 to 12 cm long) to cut or split the scion of the superior variety at the top, and then sow the grafted Elizabeth ear segment into a loose seedbed. The grafting part can be buried in the sandy soil, do not infiltrate into the interface when watering, cover the plastic film to keep moisture and heat preservation, remove the covered plastic film after the scion sprouts in the next spring, and then cut the binding belt of the joint with a blade after it is completely alive. In addition, it can also be bagged indoors to moisturize the abdomen and connect the red maple.

4. The feasible species of flowers and trees for striping culture in December are: Luohansong, plum blossom, camellia, sweet-scented osmanthus, Michelia mollissima, pedicel begonia, purple magnolia, snowball, brocade, gardenia, spring, golden bell, eight immortal flowers, hemp leaf hydrangea, Qionghua, snow spray, pomegranate and so on.

5. The herbaceous flower species that can be cultivated in December are: onion orchid, Ophiopogon japonicus, auspicious grass, hairpin, purple calyx, safflower grass, one-leaf orchid, Jian orchid, spring orchid, cymbidium, kidney fern, shoot stem, iris, big leaf Ophiopogon japonicus, along the steps, evergreen, rooting, Guangdong evergreen. The offspring at the base of the ramet cut from the large colored leaf pineapple must be small plants that have grown on the mother plant for three or four months, otherwise the color bands of the cut offspring are easy to disappear, which should be paid special attention.

The species of woody ornamental plants that can be cultivated in December are: southern bamboo, hypericum, ten meritorious plants, begonia, brown bamboo, safflower spiraea, golden finch, golden bell, Yingchun, Jasmine, jasmine, magnolia, gardenia, sisal, Phoenix tail bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens and so on.

6. the grass flower seeds that can be harvested in December are generally the species of grass flowers that are transferred to the greenhouse or cold room, such as a string of red, thousand-day red, marigold, malachite, cyclamen, gentleman orchid and so on. The seeds of Cymbidium should be sown as they are picked.

The main woody ornamental plants that can collect seeds in December are: rose, wisteria, privet, lobular privet, pyracantha, rich seeds, holly, camphor, and heather. After treatment, these seeds are basically required to sprout in sand and can not be sown until the seeds are white in the coming year. Under dry storage, it is easy to lose vitality, resulting in the failure of sowing and breeding in the coming year.

7. Transplanting and planting herbaceous flowers that can be planted in flower beds and flower beds in December are: Carnation, kale, pansy, goldfish grass, calendula, daisies and so on. Some grass flowers can also be put in the greenhouse after potting, such as daisies, calendula, goldfish grass, kale, carnation, pansy and so on, which can be used for street display next spring.

In December, most deciduous greening trees and shrubs can be transplant, such as hibiscus, pomegranate, bauhinia, begonia, wax plum, plum blossom, white magnolia, purple magnolia, disease-free son, Luan tree, acacia tree, seven-leaf tree, red leaf plum, cherry blossom, papaya, two Arbor magnolia, crape myrtle, wisteria, Lingxiao, Linden, Liriodendron, red maple, blue peach, Robinia pseudoacacia, etc. On the other hand, the transplanting of evergreen trees and shrubs should be more cautious. the evergreen species that can be transplanted in winter are: privet, sweet-scented osmanthus, palm, Magnolia, camphor, rhododendron, holly and so on. When transplanting, we should first cut the strength of the main shoots and branches and delete most of the leaves. At the same time, we also need to bring large soil balls, the trunk is bound with grass rope to cover the plastic film, the trunk and big branches are cut to seal wax or film, so as to reduce water transpiration. After transplanting, we should often spray water on the leaves and tree trunks in order to ensure their normal survival.

The stumps and flowers that can be put on the pot in December are: plum blossom, wax plum pile, camellia, tea plum, pedicel begonia, vertical silk begonia. It is expected to blossom during the Spring Festival by putting it in the greenhouse and promoting the flowering treatment.

In December, potted hyacinths, tulips and daffodils continue to be put in the shed to promote flowering, which can promote their flowering before and after the Spring Festival. Key points of monthly cultivation and management of orchids

January

Make anti-freezing a top priority. There are two seasons this month, Lesser Cold and Greater Cold. Except for the tropical and subtropical regions, the monthly average temperature in China is below zero. As the cold air in the north continues to flow south, this month is the coldest period of the year, and the extreme lowest temperature in the tropics of our country has been recorded at one degree below zero. Orchid management should put anti-freezing in the first place in the event of a cold spell, the window should be closed sooner or later to ensure that the orchid basin can not be frozen. If the temperature in the orchid room is below zero, it can be heated, but it should be noted that the heating temperature is not too high, about 5 degrees at night and about 10 degrees during the day; at the same time, pay attention to heating not using coal stoves to prevent gas from injuring seedlings.

Let the orchids fully receive the light and pay attention to ventilation. The sun is soft in that month, so you can rest assured that the orchid can fully receive the light. In sunny weather, if the temperature in the orchid room is about 10 degrees, you can open the window for ventilation during the day, and you still need to close the doors and windows in time at night.

The temperature is low in that month, so watering should be carried out on a sunny morning. Watering should be avoided in the bud to prevent the bud from rotting.

February

Pay attention to the weather and beware of freezing injury. There are two seasons this month, the Beginning of Spring and Rain Water. Although the temperature this month is 1-2 °higher than that of last month, the monthly average temperature in China is below zero except in the tropics and subtropics, and there is still a cold spell, and the weather is still very cold. The maintenance of orchids is still based on anti-freezing.

Remove the weak and stay strong, and sparse the bud properly. After a winter dormancy, the bud begins to grow faster. According to the strength of the potted orchid and in line with the principle of removing the weak and staying strong, the magnolia should sparse the buds in time for the new buds after the Beginning of Winter and the buds from the dragon grass. Generally, the potted strong grass Chunlan leaves 2-3 buds, and the cymbidium leaves one bud. In this way, nutrients can be concentrated, which is beneficial to Lanhui's opening products.

Spray foliar fertilizer properly. When the land returns to spring, the orchid bud begins to sprout, and extremely thin fertilizer can be applied, but it is forbidden to apply organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer to the root, and inorganic fertilizer or biological bacterial fertilizer is still applied mainly to leaves, in order to promote the vitality of new buds and ensure the nutritional demand for the growth of new buds.

Clean orchid room, disinfect and sterilize. The tip of the remnant branches, fallen leaves and scorched tail leaves should be cut off in time, and the equipment for raising orchid and orchid garden should be thoroughly disinfected. Three points should be paid attention to when spraying medicine: first, the liquid should not be too strong, so as not to hurt the blue bud; second, the medicine should be sprayed in the morning on a sunny day; third, the dosage should not be sprayed too much, so as not to pour into the leaves with a rotten heart.

March

It should be fully illuminated before the scape blossoms and shaded when the flowers are released. There are two seasons of stinging and the Spring Equinox this month. Except for Heilongjiang Province and Xizang, the average temperature in China is getting warmer and sunny. Before blooming, orchid should be placed in the sunny place to receive sufficient light. After the stamens begin to rise, the petals should be properly shaded, otherwise the petals will easily turn yellow, the petals and tongue coating will turn white or yellowish, which will damage the appearance of the flowers and affect the flowers.

Wet and dry properly, watering carefully, the soil in the flowerpot should be dry and the air humidity should be high. The spring orchid is in full bloom this month, and the air humidity should be higher. The air humidity has a great influence on the stem length of Cymbidium, especially the Lotus Cymbidium. Although the air humidity during the flowering period of orchids should be high, the humidity of potted soil should not be too high and should be slightly dry. Where the positive petal flowers, the pot soil should be properly controlled before the bud is lifted, and the pot soil should be watered less to make the pot soil slightly dry. But for the odd flower orchid, the potted soil should not be too dry, on the contrary, it should be more wet, so that the elegant demeanor of the strange flower can be fully demonstrated.

Cut flowers properly to avoid excessive nutrient consumption. Orchid blooming consumes the most nutrients, such as allowing its flowers to bloom and fall, which is harmful to the growth of orchids in the future and needs to be cut at the right time. After the spring orchid is in full bloom, it should be cut off after half a month, and a multi-flowered stem should be cut off five or six days after the top flower is full. If the number of rare species or seedlings in the pot is small, the flowers should be cut off immediately after two or three days of blooming.

April

Open the window for ventilation and leave the room carefully. There are two seasons of Qingming Festival and Grain Rain this month, the weather is warm and the frost and snow basically stops. Except for extreme cold weather, all potted flowers can be maintained outside the room. Using closed orchid rooms to raise orchids should properly open windows to facilitate ventilation.

Sterilization and pest control, flowering orchids need shade. Orchids can receive full light this month, usually without shade. Cymbidium begins to bloom this month, and it is appropriate to shade the flowers when they are in bloom, otherwise the flowers and colors will be poor and will affect the opening products. As the temperature is getting higher and higher, diseases and insect pests begin to breed, so it is necessary to use germicidal insecticides to kill orchids and orchid plants in time.

Turn the pot and ramet to promote growth. Spring is one of the best seasons for turning pots and branches of orchids. Potted orchids, such as orchid seedlings full of pots or potted soil that have not been changed for more than two years, should be turned over or ramets in time in spring.

Apply fertilizer with water to promote sprouting. For potted orchids without buds, thin fertilizer can be applied once before and after the Qingming Festival of the Spring Equinox; for flowering potted orchids, it is necessary to apply fertilizer after a recuperation period of about ten days after flowering. Whether it is fertilizing the unflowered potted orchid or the flowering potted orchid, it is appropriate to choose sunny weather. Water should be properly deducted before fertilization, and the fertilization effect is the best when the potted soil is dry. On the one hand, the orchid root and potted soil absorb enough fertilizer. On the other hand, it also stimulates the orchid plant to sprout and has a good effect.

May

Sparse the net to block the light. This month, the Beginning of Summer, Lesser Fullness of Grain two seasons, the temperature is getting higher, the sun is getting stronger, outdoor orchids can be properly shaded by sparse nets.

Fertilize and strengthen the bud. Most of the seed buds of orchids have broken the soil this month. in order to make the new buds thrive, it is necessary to fertilize the orchids. It is better to apply thin organic fertilizer to the roots, which should be carried out in the evening and be watered with "soul-reviving water" the next morning. Foliar fertilization can also be applied, with 1/1000 urea plus 1/1000 potassium dihydrogen phosphate spray, in order to prevent fertilizer damage the next morning should spray water to wash leaves. It can also be sprayed with biological fertilizer, such as promoting root growth, planting whole, blue fungus king, Xishuo and so on. Orchid cultivation with granular plant material is best carried out alternately with organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer, once a week.

Be careful to drench in water to prevent rotten buds. When the orchid sprouts break the soil and open their mouths and spread their leaves, the orchid buds should be covered and drenched with water to prevent the disease caused by stagnant water in the heart of the buds; if the orchid buds enter the water inadvertently, use toothpicks wrapped in toilet paper to absorb the water so as to prevent the disease.

Pay attention to the prevention of diseases and pests. This month, due to dampness and rising temperature, resulting in the breeding of insects and fungi, insecticidal and sterilization work is very important. Fungicides are sprayed every ten days, and methyl topiramate, carbendazim and carbendazim are used alternately to improve the efficacy. Spraying insecticide once a month, mainly omethoate and dicofol, has the best effect on killing shell insects and red spiders.

June

There are two seasons this month, Grain in Beard and the Summer Solstice. In the year, the daytime is the longest, the temperature is high, the light is strong, and the weather is muggy. Shade and ventilation should be done to avoid sun exposure and burn orchid leaves.

It is during the Meiyu period in the south of the Yangtze River this month, with heavy rainfall and increasing rainfall in other places. Places where air pollution is not serious can be drenched in light rain or moderate rain, but heavy rain and rainstorm had better not be caught in the rain, so as not to cause stagnant water to rot roots and buds. During the plum rain, the air humidity is high, watering should be less.

This month is the orchid germination and leaf expansion period needs a relatively high wet environment, such as the basin soil is too dry, the air humidity is too easy to cause stiff buds and orchid root growth point atrophy, is not conducive to the growth of orchids. The management of orchid bud stage should highlight the word "moist" and strive to create a relatively humid environment for orchid cultivation and potted soil. After mildew and rain, the dry climate can be watered by watering the orchid garden, watering the leaves, humidifying the water plate, humidifying the humidifier and other ways to create an air relative humidity of not less than 40% during the day. Under the premise of ensuring that the potted soil is breathable and leached, watering can be properly and frequently, so as to keep the orchid soil relatively moist, so as to ensure that the orchids sprout, unearth, spread leaves and thrive.

July

Highlight the prevention of heat, shade and cooling. This month, there are two seasons of Lesser Heat and Greater Heat, with a monthly average temperature of about 30 °, which is the highest month of the year. As the weather is very hot, it is necessary to strengthen the work of shading, ventilation and cooling, and the muggy weather can be blown by a breeze such as ventilator and miniature electric fan to promote ventilation. At the same time, water is often sprinkled on the ground to cool down to prevent hot heat from hurting orchids.

Water carefully to prevent rotten buds. The temperature is high this month, watering generally do not use the soaking basin method and the watering method to spray as little as possible, so as not to pour water into the heart of the leaves and cause rot. In the high temperature season, the basin soil should not be too wet for a long time to prevent root rot, stem rot, soft rot and sprout water management.

Slow fertilization. With the high temperature this month, the orchid enters the dormant period, it is forbidden to apply organic or inorganic fertilizer to the root, and it is better to spray foliar fertilizer for fertilization. 1/1000 urea plus 1/1000 potassium dihydrogen phosphate or biological bacterial fertilizer can be used alternately to supplement nutrients and promote exuberant growth. lay the foundation for germination and flowering in the coming year. Generally speaking, spray in the evening and wash the leaves the next morning to prevent the accumulation of fertilizer in the leaves caused by the high temperature sun.

Timely prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. All kinds of diseases and insect pests are most likely to occur this month, so the work of disinfestation and sterilization should not be relaxed. Insecticides for pest control should be sprayed alternately to prevent orchid plants from producing resistance effects. Should choose cool evening application, the liquid should not be too strong to prevent drug damage.

Strengthen the orchid room to prevent rainstorms and typhoons. Torrential rains, typhoons and other extreme weather occur frequently in various places this month, so it is necessary to do a good job in preventive work and take measures to strengthen and cover the rain to prevent strong winds and torrential rains from overturning bowls and blowing down orchid leaves.

August

Prevent heat and cool down. There are two seasons of the Beginning of Autumn and the End of Heat this month, and the monthly average temperature is similar to that of last month. The extremely hot weather is the second high temperature month of the year. Attention should be paid to heat prevention and cooling to ensure ventilation.

Timely watering to avoid "diamond shell dryness". In the golden autumn, the sky is high and cloudy, the sun is bright, and the water evaporation is large. The basin soil is easy to dry from the bottom of the basin, forming "diamond shell dryness", affecting the development of flower buds and endangering the root of orchid. A variety of measures such as sink humidification, ground water spraying, humidifier humidification and other measures can be taken to create an air relative humidity of not less than 40%. In order to avoid "rhombohedral dryness", Yilan people should be diligent in observing the dry and wet condition of the basin soil, and find that the basin soil is too dry and should be watered thoroughly in order to keep the soil moist and not stained.

All proceed from the reality, let the orchid receive more light. After the middle of this month, according to the environment of orchid cultivation, the degree of shade should be reduced as much as possible. except for proper shade in courtyard and roof platform, other orchid cultivation places can boldly let orchids receive sufficient light, especially for full pots of strong grass. In the evening, the orchid room sliding window should be opened as far as possible, so that it can be fully ventilated to maximize the temperature difference between day and night.

Fertilization promotes health and buds. From the middle and last ten days of this month, organic fertilizer or foliar fertilizer should be applied to the roots of the strong seedlings of the national orchid, and the two can be carried out alternately. Fertilization should appropriately increase the composition of phosphorus and potassium to facilitate the production of flower buds and ensure the growth of autumn buds and the breeding of strong early spring buds. Fertilization should be carried out in the evening on a thin and sunny day, and "soul water" should be watered the next morning to prevent fertilizer damage.

Prevent extreme weather. There are typhoons along the coast of the south of the Yangtze River this month, and there are also many stormy weather in other areas. It is necessary to strengthen the orchid room and do a good job in preventing typhoons and storms.

Do not relax in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Diseases and insect pests are very rampant this month, and it is necessary to do a good job in pest control and disease prevention in months with a high incidence of soft rot, stem rot and other insect pests. Sterilization and disinfestation should be carried out on a sunny evening when the sun is about to set, that is, to spray orchid leaves but also to spray wine throughout the orchid garden.

September

Remove shade and get plenty of light. This month, White Dew and the Autumn Equinox have two seasons. The monthly average temperature is about 25 °, the heat is gradually fading, and the sun is getting softer and softer. According to the situation in the orchid room, the orchid can bask in the sun as much as possible, in order to enhance the ability to resist diseases and insect pests and keep out the cold through the winter. Shading work can basically be finished in the last ten days.

Moisturize and avoid drying. The dry climate in autumn should follow the old motto of "not drying in autumn". Pay attention to increase the air humidity to avoid the occurrence of "diamond shell dryness". A variety of measures such as sink humidification, ground water spraying, humidifier humidification and other measures can be taken to create an air relative humidity of not less than 40%. Diligently observe the dry and wet condition of the basin soil, found that the basin soil is too dry, should be timely watered, in order to keep the soil moist and not stained, it is better to avoid the basin soil too dry.

Insecticidal and sterilization. This month, shell insects, red spiders, aphids, slugs and snails are very rampant, and soft rot and black spot disease often occur. It is necessary to kill insects and sterilize in time and change drug varieties regularly, and orchid fields can be thoroughly disinfected once or twice. It is better to use the medicine in the evening, which is beneficial to enhance the effect of insecticidal and sterilization.

Change the pot ramets. After the the Autumn Equinox season, autumn is high and crisp, which is a good time for turning pots and ramet culture. Orchids that need to turn pots or ramets can work in time according to the essentials of turning pots and ramets.

Recognize the orchid. This month, the flower bud begins to penetrate the soil, so we should pay attention to observe and identify the color, veins, and shape of various flower buds, so as to enhance the ability to identify different varieties. For example, in order to proliferate, in order to send more new buds next year, the bud can be removed.

Fertilize for seedlings. This month is the last period of orchid fertilization. proper fertilization should be applied to the initiation of big grass and strong grass to provide a guarantee for sprouting and growing grass next year, but generally do not apply fertilizer to sick and weak seedlings. Fertilization can be alternately used by root fertilization and foliar fertilization for organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer.

October

Let the orchids bask in the sun. There are two seasons of Cold Dew and Frosts Descent this month, and the work of soft shading in crisp autumn comes to an end. Bluegrass can accept the sun all day, promote the growth of bluegrass and full buds, and enhance its ability to resist disease and keep cold.

(2) increase the humidity in the orchid room. The precipitation this month is small, the air humidity is low, and the plant in the basin is easy to dry, so we should pay attention to increase the air humidity of the orchid room to prevent the orchid leaf from withering and scorching. In case of autumn rain, it can be drenched, but the continuous rain must also be sheltered, do not let the orchid plant in the rain for a long time, in order to prevent waterlogging rotting roots, otherwise it is easy to produce black spot.

Apply more scale potash fertilizer. The appropriate temperature in October is another golden season for the growth of orchid grass. It is necessary to apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in time to meet the various nutrients needed for the growth of orchids. In order to grow into strong grass before hibernation to lay a solid foundation for early sprouting and sprouting in the coming year, in order to survive the winter and enhance the ability to keep out the cold, but in principle, it is necessary to end a year's fertilization work by the end of the month.

Prevent frost. There may be early frost in the south of the Yangtze River later this month, and the temperature in the temperate and high cold regions of the north will sometimes be below zero to watch the weather forecast and do a good job of frost prevention.

Turn over the ramets at the right time. Most of the orchid plants are mature this month, and it is the best time to exchange and introduce varieties and turn pots, split plants, and change materials in a year, and the work that really needs to be done had better be completed before the end of this month. if the new grass is not fully grown, it is best to postpone turning the pot and split the plant so that the new grass can continue to grow until next spring.

November

Do a good job of anti-freezing. This month, there are two seasons, the Beginning of Winter and Lesser Snow, and winter begins. Early frost in the south of the Yangtze River is coming one after another this month. There is a strong cold current in the north, and low-temperature frost occurs. At the end of this month, we should make preparations for cold prevention in winter, and we should pay attention to watch the weather forecast and take protective measures in time to avoid frost damage.

Clean the orchid room, disinfect and sterilize, and actively prevent orchid diseases and insect pests. The temperature dropped obviously in winter, and the vegetative growth of orchids came to an end and turned to the stage of reproductive growth. After the Beginning of Winter, before the temperature drops to zero, we should choose sunny weather to carry out a thorough sanitary cleaning of the orchid room, remove all kinds of dirt and debris in the orchid room, and ensure that there is no sanitary dead corner. and carry out a comprehensive sterilization of the orchid room and orchid plants, in order to minimize or put an end to the occurrence of various diseases and insect pests, so that we will get twice the result with half the effort.

Fully light, experience bluegrass, accumulate energy for orchid blossom and sprouting in the coming year. Winter is the season of reproductive growth of national orchid, flower buds grow slowly, new buds are also pregnant, and full light is particularly important. The sun is soft in winter, whether it is orchid cultivation on the balcony, courtyard or special orchid room, shading facilities should be removed in time, and rest assured that orchids should be fully bathed in the sun, so as to accumulate the energy needed for orchids to bloom and sprout in the coming year. If the orchid places are lack of sunshine in winter, they should also supplement light for orchids through biological growth regulation lights, otherwise they will directly affect the flowering and germination of orchids.

The pot-turning work that has not yet been completed should be completed in the first and middle of this month, which is conducive to the recovery of bluegrass in order to sprout early and sprout in the coming year.

December

Antifreeze should be put in the first place. There are two seasons of heavy snow and the Winter Solstice this month. The anti-freezing of monthly average temperature below zero is the focus of orchid cultivation this month except in tropical and subtropical regions. Close the window when the weather is cold, the temperature had better be controlled at about 5 °at night, not less than 0 °during the day, and about 10 °during the day. If the temperature in the orchid room is below zero, heating measures should be taken. It is best to use water radiator heating with electric heater or air conditioning heating, but must not use coal stove heating in the orchid room to prevent orchid seedling poisoning.

Full light, pay attention to ventilation. You can rest assured that the orchid can receive sufficient light this month, but you should pay attention to the ventilation of the orchid room. Although the temperature of raising orchids in winter is not high in the morning and evening, the temperature in the enclosed orchid room can sometimes reach about 20 degrees in sunny weather. If the ventilation is not good, Lanhui suffers from steaming heat, and the leaves are prone to spots. Once infected, it will often relapse in the coming year, affecting the growth of Lanhui. Therefore, if the temperature exceeds 10 degrees in sunny winter, windows must be opened properly for ventilation, especially between 11:00 and 3 p.m., so as to prevent Lan Hui from being harmed by steaming heat.

Full vernalization. For Cymbidium, Cymbidium, lotus petal orchid and spring sword, it is best to put them on the north balcony in winter or fully vernalize them for more than one month through temperature control measures. the temperature generally can not exceed 10 degrees in the daytime, and the temperature is not lower than zero in the morning and evening; otherwise, if the temperature is too high, it is not conducive to blossom and flowers in place in the coming year.

Water carefully to prevent the roots from rotting. When the temperature is low in winter, the water evaporation is slow, the water absorption capacity of Langen is relatively weak, and watering should be less. Watering orchids in winter should be watered when the air temperature rises at noon, so that the water temperature is similar to the basin soil temperature, and the diseases caused by the excessive difference between the water temperature and the basin soil temperature can be avoided. If the traditional method is used to raise orchids, it is appropriate to water along the edge of the basin so that the soil can be slowly moisturized and more conducive to the water absorption of the orchid root. If the bottom of the basin is covered with bricks, the orchid can also be soaked under the bricks in time to facilitate the upwelling of moisture and keep the soil slightly tidal. The effect is good.

Fertilization is strictly prohibited. For orchids hibernating this month, it is strictly forbidden to apply any fertilizer to the root. You can choose to apply foliar fertilizer twice on a sunny day, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, which is beneficial to improve the cold resistance of orchid grass and the growth of bluegrass.

Sum up experience and improve the level of orchid cultivation. Combined with the growth status of bluegrass in the past year, we should sum up the successful experience, find out the lessons of success or failure, and constantly improve the level of orchid cultivation.

Responsible editor: Yuanyuan