The planting method of zinnia

Zinnia is a famous ornamental plant, also known as zinnia, Bubugao, fireball, opposite-leaf chrysanthemum and so on. It is an annual herb of Compositae, native to Mexico. It has single, double, rolled leaves, wrinkled leaves and horticultural varieties of different colors. It is widely cultivated all over China and sometimes becomes wild. Let's take a look at the planting method of zinnia.

The Propagation method of Zinnia

1. Seed reproduction: before sowing, the soil and seeds should be strictly disinfected to prevent diseases and insect pests during the growing period. The seeds can be sowed from early April to late June. The seeds are disinfected by soaking seeds with 1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, and the matrix is prepared with 2 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of river sand, 2 parts of peat and 2 parts of perlite. Before sowing, the substrate was wet and sowed on demand, and a layer of vermiculite should be covered after sowing. It could germinate in 3 to 5 days at 21: 23 ℃.

2. Cutting propagation: zinnia can also use cutting to raise seedlings, but cutting seedlings are not as neat as sowing seedlings, you can choose to grow 10 cm side buds for cutting, generally take root in 5-7 days, and later cultivation management is the same as sowing, which can be out of the nursery after 30-45 days.

The planting method of zinnia

The main results are as follows: 1. Plant stereotyping: if the zinnia is not treated with coring, there are too few lateral branches and few flowers, and proper coring can promote the dwarfing of the plant and the increase of flowers. When the seedlings grow to 4 leaves, plant and pick the heart to promote the growth of lower branches to form a better plant shape. After a week of planting, we began to pick the heart, leaving 4 pairs of true leaves, and depending on the growth and branching of the plant, we decided whether to pick the heart again or not.

2. Water and fertilizer management: 2: 3 grams of compound fertilizer was applied to the bottom of the basin during planting, and 800 times of solution was used to disinfect the roots after planting. The basin soil should be kept moist within one week of planting to promote the growth of the surface root system. Topdressing can be started when the root system grows to the bottom of the basin, fertilizing 2-3 times a week, and calcium fertilizer can be added once.

3. Timely coring: after 1 week of planting, it can be sprayed with fungicide and heavy fertilizer for one time. In the reproductive stage about two weeks after the last heart extraction, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be gradually increased, such as spraying 1000 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to promote more flowers and colorful flowers, and correspondingly reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer.

4. Temperature and light: Saussurea likes to be warm and sunny, and can not bear the heat, high temperature and cold. The suitable temperature for growth is 18: 20 ℃ in daytime and 15: 16 ℃ at night. The growth is particularly rapid in summer, and all-day sunshine can be used directly. If there is not enough sunshine, the plant is easy to grow, the resistance is also weak, and flowering will also be affected.

Disease and pest control of zinnia

1. White star disease

[symptoms] the disease occurred on the leaves of the hundred-day grass, with a small dark brown spot at the beginning, and then a gray-white spot with a diameter of 2mm and a gray-white center around it. Most of the disease occurs on the lower leaves, and when it is serious, the leaves curl up and wither, and there are dark green mildew on the surface of the disease spot.

[prevention and control] strengthen the management, apply enough fertilizer, cultivate strong seedlings, prevent rain and shade, strengthen the ventilation of the shed, reduce the humidity, and remove the sick and disabled body in time. Remove the diseased leaves in time at the initial stage of the disease, and then spray immediately for prevention and treatment, you can use a Bordeaux solution with a concentration of 0.5-200 times Bordeaux solution plus 0.1% sulfur powder, or 65% zinc wettable powder 500 times, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times, or 50% dichlorothalonium 800 times. 1000 times.

2. Black spot

[symptoms] small black-brown spots first appeared on the leaves, and soon expanded into large spots of regular shape, 2mm to 10mm in diameter and reddish brown. With the expansion and increase of spots, the whole leaf became brown and withered. The disease on the stem begins at the base of the petiole, develops longitudinally and becomes a long dark brown spot. The symptoms of flower organ damage were similar to those of leaves, and soon the petals shrunk and dried up.

[prevention and control] choose the area with good arrangement for planting. Planting density should be appropriate. Avoid continuous cropping. The seeds should be disinfected before sowing. After autumn, diseased leaves and stems were centrally destroyed, the source of infection in the coming year was eliminated, seeds were left from healthy mother plants without disease, and 5000 times of mancozeb or mancozeb were sprayed with 50% mancozeb. Special attention should be paid to spraying evenly on the back surface of leaves when spraying.

3. Mosaic disease

[symptoms] occur all over the country, often causing plant dwarfism and degeneration, with a slight mottling on the leaves at the beginning of the disease, and then a deep and light green mottle disease. The symptoms are more obvious in the new leaves.

[control] the control of aphid and disease has a certain control effect on the mosaic disease of zinnia. Attention should also be paid to the hygienic management in the field and the eradication of diseased plants so as to reduce the source of infection.