How to raise the plum blossom?

Chimonanthus praecox flowers like warm climate, cold, drought, slightly shade; like sunlight; avoid wet waterlogging. To deep soil, loose fertile and good drainage of sandy loam planting is appropriate, in heavy clay and alkaline earth growth is poor, then how to raise Chinese plum flower is good?

propagation method

The propagation methods of Chimonanthus praecox flower are seed, grafting, cuttage, ramets and so on.

1. Seed propagation: transplanting seedlings. 6-7 Harvest fruits in the month, peel out seeds, and store them in wet sand for later use. Sowing in March of the second year. Take out the seeds, rub them in water with sand to remove wax, sow them, weed and fertilize them at seedling stage, and transplant them for 2 years.

2. Grafting propagation: using seedling or divided seedling as rootstock, cutting and abutting are the best, selecting thick and long branches in the middle of March to April, removing top shoots, cutting into scions of 6-7cm long, with 1-2 pairs of buds, rootstock is cutting seedlings 3- 6 cm from the ground, cutting, coating mud, sealing rootstock and scion, and cultivating for 3 years.

3. Cuttings propagation: summer shoots are better, cuttings soaked in 1×10-4α-naphthylacetic acid for 1min, and inserted in plastic film shed under shade are easier to root.

4. Plant division propagation: tiller seedlings generated from mother plants are dug out from February to March and planted. The transplanting holes were opened according to the row spacing of about 1.3m, and one seedling was planted in each hole. Every year in early spring and the season, each of the intertillage weeding, topdressing once, fertilizer to human and livestock waste water-based. In order to promote flowering, every March-April, the branches are cut short and topped.

cultivation method

1, ploughing: after flowering ploughing, ploughing depth 20-25cm, slightly shallow under the canopy, so as not to hurt the roots.

2. Fertilization: base fertilizer is applied after flowering in spring combined with ploughing. Chimonanthus like fertilizer, but avoid applying thick fertilizer. Circular or strip-shaped fertilizer grooves can be opened along the lower edge of the tree crown, and the depth of the grooves is 20-30cm. Adult trees are fertilized with 3000-5000kg of high-quality decomposed farm manure per mu, and 1-2 year old young trees are fertilized with 1/3-1 - 2 of adult trees. Apply topdressing once at the time of flower bud differentiation in late June. 20kg compound fertilizer per mu was applied along the lower edge of tree crown.

3. Watering: Chimonanthus praecox is drought-tolerant, but it should also be supplemented with water in the early dry season. In July, during the flower bud differentiation period of Chimonanthus praecox, appropriate soil moisture should be maintained. During flowering, the soil should be kept moderately dry to reduce flower drop.

4. Shaping and pruning

① plastic: commonly used multi-dry plastic. After planting, select 3-4 strong branches evenly distributed around as trunk (when there are no branches, leave 4-5 full buds on the ground for re-cutting), cut 3-5 nodes, and use them as trunk extension branches and lateral branches after branching. Pay attention to each main branch do not overlap each other, and timely cut off the lower roots, sprouts and weak branches, dead branches.

② Bud wiping: The leaf buds of wax plum sprout about 50cm, and the dense, inward and close to the ground redundant buds are wiped out to reduce nutrient consumption. In the rainy season, the timely growth of miscellaneous branches, useless branches, disturbing tree branches, wind and shade branches cut off.

(3) Pruning before flowering: before flower bud expansion after wax plum leaves, leave a pair of leaf buds on flower bud for some long branches, cut off the upper part without flower bud, cut off dead branches, diseased branches, weak branches, dense and excessive flower buds and root tillers not used for regeneration, so as to save nutrients. When pruning before flowering, be careful not to cover or touch the flower buds.

④ Post-flowering pruning: After the flowering of Chimonanthus praecox, it is advisable to conduct timely pruning. The main task is to thin out the aged branches, dead branches, over-dense branches and excessive branches, etc., and retract the weak main branches or branch groups to achieve the purpose of rejuvenating the branch potential and tree potential. However, for the main branches that are too high, too long and too strong, they can be retracted at the middle oblique branches, and the weak technique will take the lead to control the branch height, branch length and branch potential, so as to achieve the goal of balancing the branch potential and tree potential. Cut short annual branches, extend main branches and leave 30-40cm, leave 10-20cm for other stronger branches, leave 1 pair of buds for weak branches or thin them out. After thinning out weak branches, new branches can grow at the base. In addition, flowers should be pinched in time after withering (when no seeds are left) to prevent fruiting and consuming nutrients so that the next year's branches can flourish.

pest control

Chimonanthus praecox has few diseases and insect pests, and occasionally borers occur. The injured branches can be cut off and burned together with pests in combination with pruning during dormancy.

recovery

Wintersweet fresh cut flowers are generally harvested at the beginning of flower buds and placed in a cool place after harvest. After harvest, it can be kept fresh for 30-50 days at 0-2℃. When cutting branches, the lower cut should be inclined to 45°, the upper cut should be flush and smooth.