Cultivation techniques of Osmanthus fragrans seedlings

Sweet-scented osmanthus is lush and evergreen, with a long age, blooming in autumn and overflowing with fragrance. It is a specialty of ornamental flowers and fragrant trees in China. Osmanthus fragrans are concentrated in the areas of distribution and cultivation, mainly in the tropics and northern subtropics from north of Lingnan to Qinling Mountains and south of Huaihe River. Sweet-scented osmanthus trees are very popular in family planting. Below, the editor of Guizhou Agricultural Network will introduce the cultivation techniques of sweet-scented osmanthus saplings.

Selection of environment for seedling cultivation of sweet-scented osmanthus

Osmanthus fragrans like warm and humid climate, and are resistant to high temperature but not cold. Osmanthus fragrans are subtropical trees. Osmanthus fragrans do not have strict requirements on soil. Except for alkaline soil and low-lying land or soil that is too clayey and poorly drained, Osmanthus fragrans can generally grow, but it is more suitable for slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage.

Osmanthus fragrans should grow in acid sandy loam with deep soil layer, good drainage, fertile and rich humus. Do not tolerate drought and barren, in the shallow and barren soil, the growth is very slow, the branches and leaves are sparse, the leaves are thin and small, the leaves are yellowing, do not blossom or rarely bloom, and even have periodic withering phenomenon, and in serious cases, the whole plant of sweet-scented osmanthus dies.

Sweet-scented osmanthus likes sunshine, but has a certain ability to endure shade. Young trees need a certain amount of shade, and relatively sufficient light is required after adulthood to ensure the normal growth of sweet-scented osmanthus. It is observed that when one side of the crown of a single sweet-scented osmanthus tree is close to the wall, or when the crowns of two sweet-scented osmanthus trees overlap with each other, the part of the crown close to the wall or the overlapping part of the crown quickly becomes sparse, affecting the shape and beauty of the whole crown. It can be seen that sweet-scented osmanthus is suitable to be planted in ventilated and transparent places; sweet-scented osmanthus likes a clean and ventilated environment and is not resistant to smoke and dust, and it is often unable to blossom after being victimized; it is afraid of flooding and stagnant water, and if it encounters waterlogging, the root system will blacken and rot, and the leaf tip will first scorch, and then the whole leaf will wither and fall off, resulting in the death of the whole plant.

Breeding techniques of Osmanthus fragrans seedlings

The propagation and seedling methods of sweet-scented osmanthus include cutting, striping, grafting, sowing and so on.

1. Cutting: the cutting time is generally from June to July or from September to October, and sandy loam is suitable for cutting. The semi-mature branches of the same year are selected for cuttings, and the terminal branches are the best. After cutting, it should be shaded and watered in time, and the management of water and fertilizer should be strengthened. Generally, cuttings begin to heal 20 days after cuttage, and can take root in 30-40 days. Cold prevention measures should be taken in winter, and the seedlings can grow to about 30 centimeters in the following year.

2. Pressing: there are two kinds of pressing: high pressure (air pressing) and ground pressure, which can be carried out all the year round. The high pressure method is carried out in the first ten days of April, and the ground pressure method should be carried out in the first ten days of April or the rainy season. Striping should be cut or ring-peeled, and separated from the mother plant after 1 year. The depth of the ground pressure strip is about 4-5 cm, and the more curved the branches are, the better.

3. Grafting: the propagation time of grafting is from March to April. The rootstock uses lobular privet and big leaf privet. The grafting method is branch grafting, cutting grafting, splitting grafting and leaning grafting. Shading and moisturizing are required when grafting. Splicing and splicing require that the interface be as low as possible, usually cutting off the rootstock 3 centimeters above the ground. After binding, the soil is cultivated to the top of the scion, so that it is possible to take root from the part of the scion and improve the survival rate.

4. Sowing: sowing in winter or early spring, strip sowing, row spacing 15-20 cm, 30-40 seeds per meter long, 8-10 kg per mu, covered with humus or burning soil, about 1.5 cm thick, and covered with grass. Generally, it begins to germinate 40-50 days after sowing and lasts for 50-60 days, and the germination is very irregular. The peak period of seedling growth is from July to September, so attention should be paid to topdressing and drought resistance. One-year-old seedlings can come out of the nursery if they are more than 30 cm high.

5. Seedlings coming out of the nursery: after the striping seedlings and grafted seedlings take root, they can be afforested in winter or planted in the nursery to cultivate large seedlings. The height of cutting seedling is more than 30 cm, the sowing seedling is more than 25 cm, and the ground diameter is more than 0.4 cm, which can be afforestation out of nursery or transplanted to large seedling cultivation area. The root system should be kept intact as far as possible when the seedlings are raised, and should be planted in time after the seedlings are raised. If long-distance transportation is needed, attention should be paid to moisturizing.

Control of Diseases and insect pests of Osmanthus fragrans seedlings

1. Scale insects

① combined with artificial pruning and scraping to remove overwintering pests.

② sprays 5% anthracene oil emulsion or 5 degree stone sulfur mixture before tree germination.

③ at the beginning of the shell insects have not yet formed wax, spray malathion 1000 times liquid or liquid 25% imide phosphorus sulfate EC 1000 times solution, the control effect is better.

2. Red spiders: mainly absorb the nutrients of sweet-scented osmanthus buds, leaves and flowers, causing sweet-scented osmanthus buds and flowers to dry up, making branches and leaves yellow or withered. It can be sprayed with 3-5 Baume sulfur mixture before sprouting or 0.3-0.5 Baume sulfur mixture before and after flowering.

3. Leaf spot: it mainly harms the leaves and causes the leaves to fall off when it is serious. When it is hot and humid, the disease develops rapidly. Before blooming from June to July, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 0.5 kg can be sprayed with 250-300 kg of water. During the growing season, the same amount of Bordeaux liquid can be sprayed with the same amount of Bordeaux liquid according to the condition.

4. Rot disease: it mostly occurs in trunk branches and branches. Prevention and control measures: strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, enhance the tree potential, improve the ability of drought and disease resistance, and curettage in time after the disease. According to the law of the disease, the focus of examination and curettage should be placed on early spring and autumn, and the effect of 5-degree stone-sulfur mixture is better after scraping.