Planting method of oil sunflower

The main function of oil sunflower is to extract oil. It is one of the most important oil crops in China, and it is called the four major oil crops along with peanuts, soybeans and rape, and the oil sunflower ranks far ahead in the world. The oil produced by oil sunflower is very healthy and nutritious. It is very similar to sunflower, also known as oil sunflower, but it is shorter than sunflower, full of particles and high in oil content. As its nutritional value and edible value are considerable, it is a more profitable product in the planting industry, so today's pro-agricultural network will take you to take a look at how oil sunflower is planted.

1. Land selection and preparation

Oil sunflower, like sunflower, has a strong ability to adapt to the environment, so there is not too much demand for soil, but the cultivation of oil sunflower must pay attention to crop rotation and cannot be planted repeatedly in a piece of land. in this way, the yield of oil sunflower is not high and the incidence of goose is very high. Soil preparation is a more important thing, we need to carry out deep ploughing, so that some residual pests, bacteria and weeds in the farmland can be removed, which can save a lot of labor in the field management after feeding. Finally, after deep ploughing, we need to sprinkle a sufficient amount of base fertilizer, mainly farm manure, which needs about 2,000 jin per mu on average. secondly, we can mix the right amount of chemical fertilizer, and the base fertilizer must be fully applied, because the base fertilizer is the basis for the high yield of oil sunflower.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time

Oil sunflower can be sown for two seasons under normal conditions, and the planting time is usually around April and June and July every year. In a word, the average temperature every day should be kept between 10 and 15 degrees. Of course, the temperature can be higher. These two periods are very suitable for the development and growth of oil sunflower. We can use strip sowing, hole sowing or on-demand sowing, and our most commonly used method is on-demand sowing. We can sow seeds evenly on the whole land according to a certain distance, and then press the seeds into the ground and cover the seeds with soil. Strip sowing is a little more troublesome, that is, we need to make ditches in the field, and then sowing holes in the field is even more troublesome.

3. Field management

The first thing in field management is to check seedlings, replenish seedlings and inter-seedlings. First of all, check whether there is a shortage of seedlings in the field. If so, we should carry out inter-seedlings, separate the excess seedlings, replenish them, ensure that the seedlings in the field are uniform, and add water in time after replenishing seedlings. Only in this way can we ensure the survival rate of transplanting. Secondly, about seven to ten days after planting, we need to carry out a middle ploughing and weeding, so that we can sweep away the loss of nutrients and at the same time give the land air, which can promote the growth rate of the oil sunflower. Of course, it is necessary to cut off the relatively dense branches and leaves of the oil sunflower, and at the same time, if the oil sunflower disk is very small and the grains are not full, you can also cut off the high-quality products as far as possible. Finally, the oil sunflower needs insect-assisted pollination or wind-assisted pollination and artificial pollination to bear fruit, so we can choose the way of pollination according to the planting area.

4. Fertilizer and water management

The early growth of oil sunflower does not need a lot of nutrients, so as long as we apply enough base fertilizer, we basically do not need secondary fertilization, but we do not rule out special circumstances, then we still need to fertilize oil sunflower once and twice. Generally, urea is applied at the seedling stage to promote the growth of oil sunflower seedlings, and then potash fertilizer is applied again after flowering. Water management is also relatively easy, because the oil sunflower has a very strong ability to resist drought, so generally, if it does not rain before flowering, it needs to be watered once, and when the rainfall is heavy, it is necessary to drain the water from the field, otherwise it is easy to get sick.

5. Pest control

The main diseases of oil sunflower are Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and black spot. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum not only harms the stem and leaf of oil sunflower, but also affects the disk of oil sunflower, while black spot mainly harms the stem and leaf of oil sunflower. The method of prevention and control is to spray carbendazim. Usually two or three times can be cured. The most common pests are ground tiger and weevil, and we can use caprylic acid EC to control them.