How to plant iris seeds?

Iris, also known as blue butterfly, purple butterfly, flat bamboo flower, etc., is a perennial herb of Iris in Iridaceae. Iris is propagated by ramet and sowing methods in production, either after flowering in spring or in autumn. Generally, it is planted once after 2-4 years, and seeds should be sown immediately after maturity. It takes 2-3 years for seedlings to blossom. Let's take a look at how to plant Iris seeds.

How to plant iris seeds?

1. Prepare a flowerpot, preferably a shallow pot, such as a bonsai basin, with a height of about 10, and some fine sandy soil, sow the mature seeds directly (preferably 1-2 cm apart) until they have been filled into a shallow basin filled with 7-8%.

2. Then cover a layer of fine sand, 0.3 cm thick and 0.5 cm thick, and slowly soak the basin into clear water, requiring that the water should not pass through the basin wall, but it should be equal to the height of the sand. Let the water slowly seep in from the bottom, gently lift it out after the sand surface is completely wet, and place it in a position with better light.

3. When it is found that the surface of the basin soil is dry, it will be soaked or sprayed with a fine-eye spray can, and the seedlings will generally emerge in 7-10 days. If the seeds are not sown in flowerpots, water can be irrigated with a fine-eye spray can or sprayer.

Culture methods of Iris

1. Soil: Iris will grow poorly in acidic soil, so culture iris should choose clayey loam rich in humus or alkaline soil mixed with calcareous. Before planting, the soil should be fully ploughed and applied with rotten compost and a small amount of bone powder and plant ash as base fertilizer. In addition, irises should not be planted too deep, and the roots should be pressed.

2. Temperature: the optimum growth temperature of Iris is 15-17 ℃, and it likes the moist environment with plenty of sunshine. However, if the light is too strong, shading should be carried out properly, and if the humidity is too high, the humidity can be reduced by heating and ventilation.

3. Watering: iris should be watered once after planting, and then it can be watered according to the dry and wet condition of the soil. Do not make the soil stagnant or too wet for a long time, so as to avoid rotting roots or diseases. In order to keep the plant beautiful, the leaves of the plant can be cleaned.

4. Fertilization: rarefied cake fertilizer or compound flower fertilizer should be applied once or twice before iris sprouting and growing to flowering in spring, and liquid fertilizer should be applied again after flower withering.

Disease Control of Iris

1. Crown rot

[etiology] Crown rot is caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which only occurs in subtropical and warm climates. the disease does not infect plants when the temperature is below 13 ℃. The disease is the most serious when the temperature is higher than 20 ℃. There are many species of parasitic plants, which are mainly controlled by strengthening management. once the soil is infected, it lasts for a long time.

[control] do not plant bulbs in the soil that has been infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, otherwise soil treatment and bulb treatment must be carried out. Carefully remove the affected plant and its surrounding soil.

2. Grey mold

[etiology] Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea) causes Botrytis cinerea, which usually occurs in humid environments and harms many crops and plants.

[prevention and control] to avoid leaf damage, bulbs with new buds longer than 5cm are no longer planted, especially plastic film can not be used to avoid sunburn. Don't plant bulbs too densely and keep the soil free of weeds during the growing period. The relative humidity in the greenhouse is about 80%. If necessary, turn on the fan and heat it to keep the plant dry. Water the plant in the morning to keep the plant dry. After the leaf surface is damaged, spray fungicide as needed.

3. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

[etiology] Rhizoctonia that infect bulbs and buds mainly come from soil. Many plants, such as tulips, are infected by it, even in soil where flower-bearing bulbs have never been planted. No matter what the soil temperature is, it can occur, and when the temperature increases, the probability of the disease increases.

[control] routine soil treatment is carried out in the soil that has been infected or may have been infected. Under high temperature, soil re-infection is still possible. Keep the environment clean to prevent re-infection. Without conventional soil treatment, according to past experience, the soil will be infected by Rhizoctonia, so fungicides should be applied properly before planting.

4. Root rot

[etiology] the ultimate rot mold infects the roots through the soil, and this fungus can be found in any soil and is difficult to control. The degree of infection varies with different varieties. If the soil is planted immediately after steam disinfection, the early infection is very harmful because at this time, the competitive organisms in the soil have not yet recovered.

[control] rotation with other crops or routine soil treatment once a year. Seed ball treatment was carried out before planting. Determine the appropriate soil structure. A suitable irrigation system is used to maintain a good soil structure but to prevent stagnant water.

5. Root nematode disease

[etiology] the disease was induced by puncture short body nematode infecting plants. Some unknown fungi or bacteria gather near the wounds caused by nematodes, which can harm a variety of plants (including chrysanthemums, roses, lawns).

[control] soil treatment is carried out once a year.

6. White flower disease

[etiology] High relative humidity is caused by weak transpiration in greenhouse.

[control] if the relative humidity in the greenhouse is high during the whole growing period, the room temperature is 2: 3 ℃ higher than the external temperature. If the external temperature is high (15-16 ℃) and this method cannot be used, heat the greenhouse in the morning and turn on the fan.