How to plant pansy seeds?

Tricolor pansy is a common wild flower in Europe, also known as cat face, butterfly flower, human face flower and so on. it is a biennial or perennial herb of Viola of Viola family. It is often cultivated in parks and is suitable for open-air planting. Flower beds, gardens and potted plants can be cultivated. It can blossom from winter to spring with high ornamental value and can be used as medicine. Let's take a look at how to plant tricolor pansy seeds.

Growth habit

Pansy tricolor is cold-resistant, cool and sunny, and develops well under the conditions of day temperature 15-25 ℃ and night temperature 3-5 ℃. Avoid high temperature and stagnant water, cold and frost resistant. if the daily temperature is more than 30 ℃, the flower bud will disappear or no petal will be formed. when the daily temperature lasts 25 ℃, only blossom will not bear fruit, even if the seed is fruiting, the seed will not grow well. The root system can tolerate the low temperature of-15 ℃, but the frozen edge of the leaf turns yellow when it is lower than-5 ℃. The influence of sunshine length on flowering is greater than that of light intensity, poor sunshine and poor flowering. The pH of neutral loam or clay loam which is fertile, well drained and rich in organic matter is 5.4-7.4.

Seed collection

Pansy is drooping when it blossoms, hold it high when the fruit is ripe, and harvest immediately when the pericarp turns white, otherwise the capsule will pop up and scatter the seeds if it is dried in the sun. The harvested seeds must be dried and preserved.

Sowing method

In the Yangtze River basin, the seeds are usually sown at the end of August and the beginning of September, and the sandy soil with sufficient light and good drainage is selected as the nursery land to form a seedling bed, and then sow after flattening, or sowing in a shallow mud basin. The thickness of the covered soil is 2-3 times of the seed diameter. After sowing, pour water once and shade properly immediately, and remove the shade when the seedlings come out.

Transplanting technique

When the seedlings grow 3 true leaves, they can be transplanted to a small pot or seedling bed for culture. the row spacing of the seedlings cultured in the seedling bed is about 4 cm × 5 cm. When the seedlings grow 8 true leaves, they can be transplanted for the second time. In the flower border or in a large mud pot with a diameter of 12 cm × 15 cm, there are 3 plants in each pot, and the row spacing in the flower bed is 15 li × 20 cm.

Maintenance and management

1. Soil: Pansy tricolor is not strict to the soil and can bear poor fertility. It is suitable for growing in the soil which is fertile and loose and rich in organic matter, but it is difficult to grow well in the soil with wet and poor drainage.

2. Watering: pansy should be slightly dry in the process of growth, and it is easy to suffer diseases if the potted soil or seedling bed is too wet in the seedling stage. During the period of vigorous growth of stems and leaves, the basin soil can be kept slightly moist, but not too wet or stagnant, otherwise it will affect the normal growth and development of the plant, and even wither and die. The flowering period is rainy or hot and humid, the stems and leaves are perishable, the flowering is shortened, and the seed setting rate is low.

3. Sunlight: Pansy tricolor is sensitive to light. If the light is sufficient and the sunshine time is long, the stem and leaf of pansy grow well and blossom earlier. If the sunlight is insufficient and the sunshine time is short, the flowering of pansy is poor or delayed.

4. Temperature: the optimum temperature for the growth of Pansy tricolor is 7: 15 ℃, the best temperature is 10 ℃ in spring and 4: 7 ℃ at night. When the continuous high temperature was above 25 ℃, the flower buds disappeared and could not form petals. But when the temperature was lower than-5 ℃, the leaves were frozen and the edges turned yellow.

5. Fertilization: Pansy was fertilized once every 20 to 30 days during the growth period, and all kinds of organic fertilizers or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were good.

6. Insect pests: the main diseases that harm the stems, leaves, flowers and roots of Viola tricolor are charcoal jaundice, rust, gray mold, root rot, etc., once the disease occurs, you can spray 500 times 600 times more than 50% carbendazim or 800 times 75% chlorothalonil diluent.

7. Pruning: during the growing period, pansy should remove the residual branches and flowers in time, control the growth of the overgrown branches by picking the heart, promote the new branches, make the plant perfect, have a good crown shape, and prolong the flowering period.