Planting method of Pansy tricolor

Pansy is a common wildflower species in Europe. It is a biennial or perennial herb of Violaceae Viola. It is also called cat face, iris, cat face flower, ghost face flower, etc. It is often cultivated in parks. It is usually planted in the open air. Whether it is flower beds, gardens or potted plants, it is not suitable for indoor cultivation. Let's take a look at the planting methods of pansy!

The growth habits of pansy

Pansy is cold-resistant, cool and sunny, and develops well under the conditions of 15~25℃ in the day and 3~5℃ in the night. Avoid high temperature and water, cold and frost resistance, if the daytime temperature is continuously above 30 ° C, the flower buds disappear, or do not form petals, when the daytime temperature lasts for 25 ° C, only flowering does not bear fruit, even if the seed is set, the seed is also poorly developed. The root system can tolerate low temperature of-15℃, but the edge of leaves turns yellow when frozen below-5℃. The length of sunshine has a greater effect on flowering than the intensity of light. The sunshine is bad and the flowering is not good. It likes fertile, well-drained, organic-rich neutral loam or clay loam with pH of 5.4~7.4.

How to breed pansy

1. Sowing and reproduction: pansy should be sown in loose artificial medium. Bed sowing and box sowing can be used. If conditions permit, plug seedling can be raised. The medium requires pH value of 5.5~5.8. After disinfection treatment, the medium temperature shall be maintained at 18~22℃ after sowing. It shall be protected from light and shade for 5~7 days.

2, cuttage propagation: pansy cuttage propagation in 5~6 months, cut the base of the plant germination branches, inserted into peat, keep the air moist, 15~20 days after insertion, high survival rate.

3, ramet propagation: pansy ramet propagation is often carried out after flowering, will take adventitious roots of the lateral branches or rhizome germination of the new branches with roots cut, can be planted, and put in the shade to restore.

How to grow pansy

1. Temperature: Pansy grows well in the temperature range of 12~18℃ and can withstand low temperature of 0℃. Temperature is the limiting factor affecting pansy flowering, and it develops well under the conditions of 15~25℃ in day and 3~5℃ in night. Seedlings must go through 28~56 days of low temperature environment, can bloom smoothly, if it is directly planted in warm environment, it will delay flowering, if the daytime temperature is continuously above 30℃, flower buds disappear or do not form petals. If there is a sudden heat, high temperature of 28℃ to the weather, should strive for good ventilation, so that the temperature is reduced, to prevent withering death.

2, light: pansy likes sufficient sunlight, light is an important limiting factor for flowering, the length of sunlight than the intensity of light on the impact of flowering, poor sunshine flowering is not good, in the cultivation process should ensure that the plant receives no less than 4 hours of direct sunlight a day. However, because its roots are sensitive to light, under the condition of light, the young roots cannot be successfully inserted into the soil, so the radicle does not need light before it grows small. When the seedlings grow 2~3 true leaves, they should gradually increase the sunshine to make them grow stronger.

3. Watering: Pansy likes micro-tidal soil environment and is not drought-tolerant. Keep soil moist during growth period, dry in winter, and see wet every time you water it. When plants bloom, adequate moisture is necessary for flower growth and flower number. Pay attention to timely watering in the season with higher temperature and strong light.

4. Fertilization: Pansy should be applied with thin fertilizer frequently. After two leaves grow out, nitrogen fertilizer can be applied, 0.1% urea can be sprayed early, phosphorus fertilizer can be increased near flowering, thin compound liquid fertilizer can be applied three times before flowering, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be applied twice during bud pregnancy. Fertilization can be reduced after flowering. The decomposed liquid fertilizer is applied once every 10~15 days in the growth period, and once every 20~30 days in the growth period. Pansy leaves deformed, wrinkled, etc. are often caused by calcium deficiency, can be increased calcium nitrate to improve. It should also be noted that ammonia nitrogen fertilizer can cause pansy root rot at lower temperatures.

Control of diseases and insect pests of Pansy tricolor

1. Gray mold: strengthen ventilation, control planting density, avoid watering, and ventilate after watering. Clean up withered and senescent tissues in time to avoid wounds. Smoke and alternate use of drugs. Ventilate and dissipate moisture in time after spraying. At the initial stage of disease, spray 50% procymidone 1000 times solution or carbendazim 500~1000 times solution, chlorothalonil 700~800 times solution, 50% thiophane methyl 500~600 times solution, and fumigant.

2. Anthracnose: At the end of autumn and early winter, the residues of diseased plants in the nursery will be burned in a centralized manner, and diseased leaves and flowers found during the growth period will be removed in time. At the early stage of the disease, spray 80% Zineb WP 500~800 times solution or 75% Chlorothalonil WP 600~800 times solution, 60% Anthrax Formex 800~1000 times solution, 50% Carbendazim 500~600 times solution.

3. Coloring break disease: Coloring break disease is mainly transmitted by aphids. To control aphids, spray 3000 times solution of 50% aphimicarb wettable powder and 800~1000 times solution of 2.5% rotenine emulsifiable concentrate alternately for 3~4 times, spraying once every 7~10 days. For newly infected plants, 700 times solution of 1.5% Zhibingling emulsion or 200 times solution of 5% Jundu Qingshui should be used once every 7~10 days for 3~4 times continuously.

4. Leaf spot disease: remove sick and disabled bodies and burn them intensively. 53.8% Kexide 2000 dry suspension 1000 times or 47% Garinon WP 700 times, 30% copper oxychloride suspension 600 times, 27% copper noble suspension 600 times, 50% thiophanate-methyl sulfur suspension 800 times.

5. Ring disease: remove fallen leaves and burn them. In rainy season, spray 600 times solution of 27% copper noble suspension or 1000 times solution of 47% Garinon WP, 800~1000 times solution of Kangkuning and 800 times solution of 50% thiophane methyl. In severe cases, spray 50% iprohydantoin WP 1000 times or 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times, 70% mancozeb, 80% penke WP 500 times, spray once every 10 days for 2~3 times.

6. Brown spot disease: When the new leaves are unfolded, spray with 0.5% Bordeaux mixture plus adhesive once every 10~15 days, or spray with 50% polymefene wettable powder 1000 times solution, 40% chlorothalonil suspension 500 times solution, 50% thiophanate-methyl sulfur suspension 800 times solution and 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid water-soluble powder 2000 times solution.

7. Scab disease: Scab disease is prevented and controlled by spraying 50% carbendazim colloidal suspension 1000 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 times solution.

8. Crooked top disease: The diseased plants were found to be removed and burned. Prevent leafhoppers and eliminate dodder seeds.

9. Rot disease: The pathogen is Fusarium oxysporum. If the diseased plant is found, dig it out and burn it, replace the diseased hole with new soil, or disinfect the soil with 0.1% formaldehyde. At the early stage of disease, 50% chlorothalonil WP 500 times or 70% thiophane methyl 1500 times, 75% chlorothalonil 600 times, 0.5% bordeaux mixture spray control.