How to plant andrographis paniculata seeds?

Andrographis paniculata is also known as spring lotus autumn willow, Yi Jian Xi, olive nuclear lotus and so on. it is an annual herb of the genus andrographis of the family andrographis. It has the effects of heat-clearing and detoxification, anti-inflammation, detumescence and pain. It is commonly cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and Yunnan. Jiangsu and Shaanxi are also introduced. Let's take a look at how to plant andrographis seeds.

Land selection and preparation

Andrographis likes high temperature and humid climate. Like plenty of sunshine, like fat. The optimum temperature for seed germination and seedling growth was 25: 30 ℃. When the temperature dropped to 15: 20 ℃, the growth was slow, and the temperature dropped to about 8 ℃. When the temperature was about 0 ℃ or frost, all the plants withered. The alkaline soil of pH8.0 can still grow normally when it is cultivated in acidic and neutral sandy loam with fertile, loose and well drained soil.

Seed treatment

Andrographis paniculata is often used by seedling transplanting method or direct seeding method, mainly seedling transplanting method. When the fruit is common brown from September to October, pick it in batches before the dew is dry in the morning, put it in the shade and ripen it for a few days, cover it with a cover to avoid the bouncing loss of the seeds. After all the pods are cracked, the pericarp is screened and the seeds are obtained. The seeds of andrographis paniculata are small, with a 1000-grain weight of 0.93-1.52 grams, a hard seed coat and a layer of oyster, which requires high sowing techniques. Before sowing, the seeds should be ground with fine sandpaper or sand to remove the seed coat wax, soak the seeds in warm water, and then germinate in a 30 ℃ incubator, and then sow the seeds.

Sowing time

The soil of andrographis paniculata seedling bed should be fertile and loose, rake flat and fine. In late February to early March in Guangdong and Fujian, sowing in high border seedling beds in July in autumn, hotbeds were used in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Sichuan in mid-and late March, and cold beds in April. The greenhouse in North China and Northwest China should be in the early and middle of March, the hotbed in the first ten days of April, the sunny bed in the middle of April, and the plastic greenhouse should be sown on April 15-20.

Seedbed management

The main purpose of the seedbed management of andrographis paniculata is to control the temperature and humidity. The seedbed should always be kept moist before emergence, and the relative humidity in the border should be kept at 70-80%. After the seedlings come out, the soil moisture should be controlled to prevent the occurrence of quenching disease. The seedling is 6-7 cm tall and can be transplanted when it has 3-4 pairs of true leaves. Live broadcast should not be earlier than mid-or late April in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, mid-April to early May in Sichuan and mid-May in Beijing. The cultivation is best divided into two kinds: seed field and commercial field. The seed field should be transplanted from May to early June, with row spacing of 50 cm to 65 cm and plant spacing of 30 cm to 35 cm. Commercial fields can be planted from late May to early June with a row spacing of 25 cm, a spacing of 16 cm and a plant spacing of 105 000 plants per square millimeter.

Field management

The field management of andrographis paniculata is mainly timely watering to facilitate the seedlings to take new roots, and then ploughing and weeding and topdressing once every 15 to 20 days, which is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, which can flow human and animal manure, urea and so on. especially in June, July and August, field management is very important, it is necessary to apply more nitrogen fertilizer, often watering and so on. When the plant height is 30cm to 40cm, the soil can be cultivated to prevent wind damage.

Pest control

The disease of andrographis paniculata has blight, there are 1-2 pairs of true leaf stage, which can reduce soil moisture, treat soil with more than 50% carbendazim, or irrigate the diseased area with 1000 times liquid. Quenching disease occurs in 2-3 pairs of true leaves, which can control the temperature, pay attention to ventilation and strengthen the management of seedling bed. Black stem disease occurs in the adult stage, which can strengthen field management, eliminate stagnant water in time, avoid continuous cropping, and spray or irrigate the diseased area with 1000 times of carbendazim during the onset period. During the epidemic period, 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution was sprayed or shallowly irrigated in the disease area. Insect pests include cotton bollworm, mole cricket and so on.