Culture methods and matters needing attention of Ranunculus

Buttercup, also known as celery, Persian buttercup, lotus, etc., is a perennial herb of Ranunculaceae, native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, with low plant shape, bright color, erect flower stem, beautiful and unique flower shape, suitable for planting under trees or on the north side of the building, deeply welcomed by consumers. Let's take a look at the breeding methods and points for attention of Ranunculus.

Growth habits of Ranunculus

Ranunculus likes cool and semi-shady environment and avoids heat. The suitable growth temperature is about 20 ℃ during the day and 7: 10 ℃ at night. It is afraid of both wet and drought, so it is suitable to be planted in neutral or alkaline soil with good drainage and fertile looseness. After June, the root tuber enters the dormancy period. Like mild climate, fresh and humid air, shady growth environment, not resistant to cold and freezing, more afraid of hot sun, dormant in summer in most parts of China. Potted plants require sandy culture soil rich in humus, loose and fertile, and strong permeability.

Propagation methods of Ranunculus chinensis

The main results are as follows: 1. Ramet: Ranunculus is mainly propagated in pot, usually from September to October in autumn. After digging out the dormant roots in the basin, shake off the soil and break it with your hands. Each detached part must have a root neck, 1-2 new buds and 3-4 small roots. Then soak in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 3-5 minutes to sterilize the bacteria, dry slightly and then plant.

2. Sowing: there is a great variation in sowing and reproduction of Ranunculus, which is often used for breeding and mass reproduction. Sowing time in the warm spring, after the seedling bed is broken, raked fine and leveled, the seedling bed is watered once with a fine-eyed spray pot, and the germinated buttercup seeds are evenly sown on the seedbed when the clear water has seeped through the border. The bed is covered with a layer of sifted fine soil about 0.5 cm thick, and then covered with a double-layer sunshade net to cool and moisturize.

The Culture method of Ranunculus

1. Soil: buttercup prefers neutral or alkaline soil with good drainage, fertile and loose, and sufficient base fertilizer is applied when planting. Potted plants require sandy culture soil rich in humus, loose and fertile, and strong permeability. Two parts of garden soil, one part of rotten leaf soil and one part of barnyard manure can be used as basin soil.

2. Illumination: buttercup is not tolerant to strong light and likes semi-shade environment. Sufficient light should be provided in winter. With the increase of air temperature and light intensity in spring, proper shading and ventilation should be strengthened. In addition, buttercup is a long-sunshine plant, and the flowering period can be controlled according to its characteristics.

3. Watering: buttercup likes to be wet and afraid of waterlogging, and is more resistant to drought, but it is not suitable for excessive drought. Water should be fully watered for the first time after planting, and then watering should be timely and balanced, and should not be too dry and wet. The watering degree should be that the soil surface is dry and the leaves do not wilt.

4. Fertilizer: before planting buttercup, organic fertilizer such as rotten cake fertilizer or animal manure should be selected as base fertilizer and spread evenly. After transplanting, topdressing began when the plant grew obviously or grew new leaves, mainly urea in the early stage and compound fertilizer in the later stage, applying once every 7 days.

5. Temperature: Ranunculus prefers cold environment, and the optimum growth temperature is 15: 20 ℃ in daytime and 7: 8 ℃ at night. The temperature should not be too high or too low, and the temperature difference between day and night should not be too large, otherwise the growth and development of buttercup will be affected, resulting in the decline of the number and quality of flowers.

6. Insect pests: if buttercup is growing at high temperature and high humidity, it is easy to cause plant overgrowth, yellow leaf and stem base rot. The main pests are root maggots and leaf miners, which are sprayed with 1000 times of omethoate EC, and root rot is irrigated with 1000 times of 50% benzoate wettable powder.

7. Pruning: buttercup is a kind of flower plant with beautiful plant type and bright color, which grows rapidly. At the initial stage of budding, each plant should leave 3 to 5 strong buds, and the rest should be plucked, and the pot soil should be a little dry at this time. If there is no need to leave seeds after flowering, the residual flowers should be cut off in time.

Disease and Pest Control of Ranunculus

1. White silk disease

[symptoms] White silk disease mainly affected the stem base of the plant. When the disease was serious, the stem base was rotten and necrotic, the aboveground part was separated from the underground part, the moisture could not rise, the branches and leaves withered, and the plant died.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, spray watering the stem base and surrounding soil of the plant with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder and 5% Jinggangmycin 1000 times solution can alleviate the disease.

2. Penicilliosis

[symptoms] Penicillium mainly occurs in the storage period of tuber roots. when the disease is serious, the storage root surface is covered with a large number of conidia of Penicillium, which is easy to infect healthy tuber roots.

[prevention and treatment] when it is found that the roots infected by Penicillium are burned or buried in time, the adjacent roots must be taken out, disinfected and dried before storage, so as to prevent Penicillium from infecting healthy roots.

3. Virus disease

[symptoms] the symptoms of injury were that the leaves were wrinkled and uneven, showing mosaic, chlorotic spots, or when the leaves became smaller, thickened and seriously harmed, the diseased plants were obviously dwarfed, atrophied and died.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, 68% virus wettable powder, 3.85% virus Bike wettable powder or 7.5% Keduling water agent were sprayed for prevention and control.

4. Root rot

[symptoms] the root rot of the plant infected with root rot will cause the root system to rot, turn dark brown or black, the aboveground stems and leaves wilt and turn yellow gradually, and the plant dies.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, the roots were irrigated with 1000 times of 75% methyl topiramate and 50% benzoate wettable powder. The pot can be changed immediately, the substrate can be changed, and the spread of the disease can be controlled.

5. Mosaic disease

[symptoms] chlorotic spots appear on the leaves, and in severe cases, the plant grows poorly.

[prevention and control] use healthy seedlings and not propagate separately from diseased plants. Timely spraying insecticides to control aphids. Scissors are thermally sterilized or washed with lotion.

6. Liriomyza sinensis

[symptoms] the larvae eat the tissue in the leaves to form a serpentine white submersible channel, and its excrement is black and continuous linear in the passageway, and the adults lay eggs and feed on the round spots.

[prevention and treatment] in the initial stage or about 20 days after the high incidence of Eclosion female flies, alternately use 5000 times of 75% cypermethrin EC, 1000 times of 4.5% cypermethrin EC, 2000 times of 50% Lexben EC and 1500 times of 25% spotted net EC in time. Spray once every 10 days, three times in a row.