Prevention and control measures of grape black pox

Grape black pox, also known as scab, is also called "bird's eye disease" in some areas, which can harm most of the green young tissues of grapes, mainly the fruits, pedicels, leaves, petioles, new shoots and tendrils of grapes. Black pox is one of the common diseases in the process of grape planting, which will greatly affect the commercial value of grapes and bring certain economic losses to grape growers. So how should we prevent and cure black pox? Pro-agricultural network today to introduce to you about the prevention and treatment of black pox.

Symptoms of black pox disease

The disease of grape black pox is the most concentrated in spring and early summer, and it is also the earliest disease in grape growing period. The young leaves are susceptible, and needle-sized brown spots are produced on the leaf surface. after the expansion of the disease spot, there is a yellowish brown halo around it, and gradually shows an irregular shape, the middle part of the disease spot becomes light brown or grayish white, the edge is dark brown, and in the later stage, the central tissue of the disease spot dies and falls off, forming a cavity. The size of the lesion was the same, and its diameter was in 2-4mm. New shoots, petioles and tendrils are susceptible, with small round or irregular brown spots, then grayish black, dark brown or purple-brown edges, sunken and cracked in the middle of the spot. When the disease is serious, several disease spots are often linked into one piece, so that the disease tip and tendrils die because of the circumcision of the disease spot. The young fruit is susceptible, the primary round brown spot is small, the center of the disease spot becomes gray-white, the edge is purple-brown, slightly sunken, like a "bird's eye", the disease spot is hardened or cracked in the later stage, the diseased fruit is small and deformed, and has no edible value. Growing fruit is susceptible, the fruit can still be enlarged, the disease spot is not obviously sunken, and the taste is sour. When the air is moist, a gray-white sticky substance (conidia) is produced on the disease spot. The ear axis is susceptible to disease, which often leads to poor development and even death of the whole ear.

II. Prevention and treatment of black pox.

The prevention and control of black pox is also based on the concept of prevention and treatment as a supplement. First, the possibility of eliminating the disease from the source of the disease is eliminated. Here, the pro-agriculture network introduces four prevention and control methods, the last of which is the use of pesticides. The first three are mainly based on daily maintenance. Let's take a look at them in detail:

1. Root out the source of overwintering disease

Meticulous pruning, pruning diseased branches, diseased ears and tendrils; deeply burying fallen leaves, timely removal of diseased remains, deep burying or burning; careful spraying of Baume 3-5 degree stone sulfur mixture or 45% crystal stone sulfur mixture 30-40 times, 100 times pentachlorophenol sodium to eradicate overwintering bacteria.

two。 Select drip-free antifogging film covering facilities

The whole area of the ground in the facility is covered with plastic film, and pay attention to ventilation and dehumidification, reduce the air humidity in the facility, control the air relative humidity below 80%, inhibit spore germination and reduce infection.

3. Deep ploughing and soil improvement

Deepen the living soil layer, promote root development; increase the application of organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and trace element fertilizer; appropriately reduce the amount of available nitrogen fertilizer to improve the disease resistance of the plant itself. Reasonable density, scientific pruning, appropriate amount of branches, reasonable load, maintain strong growth, improve field light conditions, reduce the air humidity of microclimate. Bagging the ear to eliminate the infection of bacteria to the ear.

4. Chemical control

Protective agents: 78% Cobo 600-800 times, 80% essential 400 times; 80% Dasheng MUE 45 or 80% Jacuzzi 600-800 times, 1 Pluto 0.5 purl 200 Bordeaux liquid

Therapeutic agents: 5% carbendazol (imidazole, imidazole) 8-1000 times, 10% high (oxyether azole) 1500-2000 times, 12.5% sulfamethoxolide (diniconazole) 3000-4000 times, 40% fluorosilane (Fuxing) 8000-10000 times, 50% carbendazim 600-800 times, 70% methyl topiramate 800-1000 times.

The above are the prevention and control measures of grape black pox brought by pro-agricultural network. As a common harmful grape disease, the prevention and control of grape black pox is of great significance for grape planting. I hope this paper can bring some reference value for the majority of growers.