Planting techniques of alpinia officinalis

Jerusalem artichoke scientific name, also known as ghost ginger, five-star grass, etc., for Compositae sunflower is a perennial root herb, 1~3 meters high, there are massive underground stems and fibrous roots, underground tubers rich in starch, inulin and other fructose polymers, can be eaten, can also be used as raw materials for starch and alcohol production, planted near the house has a beautification effect, let's take a look at the cultivation technology of Jerusalem artichoke together!

Growth Habits of Jerusalem artichoke

Jerusalem artichoke is native to North America, introduced into China by Europe, and cultivated in most parts of China. Cold and drought resistance, tuber in-30℃ permafrost layer can safely winter. Early spring seedlings can endure light frost, autumn leaves can endure short-term-4~-5℃. Temperate 18~22℃, light 12 hours is beneficial to tuber formation. Poor tolerance, lax requirements for soil, in addition to acid soil, swamp and saline-alkali zone is not suitable for planting, some land suitable for planting other crops, such as ruins, house edge, roadside can grow.

Propagation method of Jerusalem artichoke

After thawing in spring, select tubers weighing 20~25 grams and sow them. The tuber seeds are 50 kg per mu, the plant spacing is 0.5×0.5 m, the sowing depth is 10~20 cm, and the seedlings emerge about 30 days after sowing. Jerusalem artichoke is sown in one year. Tubers remain in the soil after harvest. It can not be sown in the following year. However, in order to distribute the plants evenly, the seedlings should be thinned in places that are too dense, and the places lacking plants should be replanted.

Cultivation techniques of Jerusalem artichoke

1. Weeding: After the emergence of Jerusalem artichoke, it is necessary to supplement the seedlings in time and carry out weeding once in combination with the seedlings. Intertillage weeding is generally carried out 30~40 days after sowing, and the depth is about 6 cm. Combined with intertillage, weeding is carried out. The second time of intertillage, before budding, combined with weeding, created good conditions for tuber growth and development. And combined with intertillage for cultivating soil, in the tuber expansion period to pick flowers and buds, in order to promote tuber expansion.

2. Fertilization: After harvest in autumn, the ginger is prepared, 5000 kg of soil manure is applied per mu, 70% is scattered, and 30% is concentrated in furrows when sowing. Another potassium sulfate 15 kg, deep ploughing 30 cm, after ploughing leveling for sowing. On the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, fertilizer should be applied twice in the growth period. The first time should be applied around the end of May, and urea should be applied 10 kg per mu to promote strong seedlings and multiple new branches. The second time in the early stage of bud, each mu topdressing potassium sulfate 15 kg, after watering.

3. Watering: The seedling stage, jointing stage, bud stage and tuber expansion stage of Jerusalem artichoke are the four key stages of watering. Generally, seedling water can be poured in mid-April, jointing water in late May, bud water in mid-August, and tuber expansion water in mid-October. Although Jerusalem artichoke is drought-resistant, it can greatly increase yield when soil moisture is sufficient.

Harvesting and storage of Jerusalem artichoke

1. Harvest: After autumn, it is the period of rapid growth of Jerusalem artichoke tubers. When the leaves and stems of Jerusalem artichoke are completely frozen in early October, underground tubers can be harvested. The artichoke tubers can be taken out from the soil manually or mechanically. If it is the spring of the second year with Jerusalem artichoke, you can cut the Jerusalem artichoke stem after autumn, do not harvest Jerusalem artichoke tubers, but the spring of the second year should be taken out as early as possible, otherwise germination will soon (ground temperature 2℃ that begins to germinate), affecting the quality of Jerusalem artichoke.

2. Storage: Dig a shallow cellar in autumn, put Jerusalem artichoke into it, sprinkle sand immediately, keep humidity and sufficient ventilation, and then cover it with 5 cm thick soil, so as not to expose Jerusalem artichoke. Grass handles can be used for several air holes when storing in large quantities. Jerusalem artichoke begins to hibernate below 0℃. During winter storage, it is afraid of heat and cold. As long as it is covered with soil, it will not freeze to death at-50℃. It can still germinate and grow in the second year.

Transportation: The packaging of Jerusalem artichoke can generally be packaged in plastic woven bags, which are breathable and moisturizing, and generally placed for 10 to 20 days. Transport can be used by car or rail transport, car transport should be covered with tarpaulin ginger, so as not to lose too much water. Railway transport is best carried on ventilated wagons. If shipping is chosen, Jerusalem artichoke should be kept in a well-ventilated, low-temperature condition for a maximum of 30 days.