High-yield cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus

Pleurotus ostreatus is an edible fungus of Pleurotus ostreatus, which is rich in protein, amino acids, vitamins and minerals, as well as physiologically active substances, which can induce the synthesis of interferon and improve human immunity. Pleurotus ostreatus has the function of anti-cancer and anti-cancer, and the cultivation value is very high. Let's take a look at the high-yield cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus.

Morphological characteristics of Pleurotus ostreatus

The main results are as follows: 1. The fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus is grouped to tufted, and the surface of the mushroom cover is moist, bluish gray, almost black. The width of the cap is 712 cm, and some are larger. Spores cylindrical, smooth, spores imprinted white.

2. The life cycle of Pleurotus ostreatus is that the basidiospores germinate into uninucleate hyphae, and the uninucleate hyphae (of different sexes) combine with each other to form binucleate hyphae. Binuclear hyphae combine with each other to form fruiting bodies.

Living conditions of Pleurotus ostreatus

1. Temperature: the spore formation temperature of Pleurotus ostreatus is 12: 20 ℃, the spore germination is 24: 27 ℃, the mycelium growth range is 10: 35 ℃, and the temperature range of fruiting body formation is 10: 30 ℃.

2. Humidity: the basic requirement for the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium is 65% water content, and the relative humidity of air for fruiting body growth is about 85%.

3. Nutrition: the main nutrients for the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus are cellulose and lignin, nitrogen, carbon, mineral elements and so on.

4. Acid-base: Pleurotus ostreatus likes to live in slightly acidic or neutral environment, and the most suitable PH value is 6.5-7.

5. Oxygen: the growth environment of Pleurotus ostreatus must have sufficient oxygen, good ventilation, and the accumulation of carbon dioxide should not exceed 1%.

6. Light: the hyphae of Pleurotus ostreatus can grow normally under dark conditions, and the fruit body development stage is very sensitive to light, so there must be some scattered light.

Cultivation materials of Pleurotus ostreatus

1. Cultivation sites: Pleurotus ostreatus can be planted in bottles, boxes, indoor big beds and sunny beds, and can also be planted in tunnels with strong adaptability, and can be cultivated under trees, under walls and in orchards.

2. Cultivation season: Pleurotus ostreatus can be cultivated in three seasons a year except that it cannot be cultivated in summer. Because Pleurotus ostreatus is more resistant to high temperature than Pleurotus ostreatus, but its low temperature tolerance is worse than that of Pleurotus ostreatus.

3. Cultivation raw materials: the raw materials of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation can be used locally, such as rice straw, cottonseed hull, waste cotton, wheat straw, corncob, bagasse, sawdust, leaves, beet waste silk, paper scraps and so on.

① sawdust and wheat bran medium: sawdust (broadleaf tree) 78%, wheat bran (or rice bran) 20%, sucrose 1%, calcium carbonate 1%, water content 60% 65%.

② cotton husk, wheat bran medium: cotton husk 78%, wheat bran (or rice bran) 20%, sucrose 1%, gypsum powder 1%, water content 60% 65%.

③ sawdust, cottonseed hull, wheat bran medium: sawdust 40%, cottonseed hull 38%, wheat bran (or rice bran) 20%, sucrose 1%, gypsum powder 1%, water content 60% 65%.

④ rice straw, wheat bran medium: chopped rice straw 6cm long 80%, wheat bran (or rice bran) 18%, sucrose 1%, gypsum powder 1%, water content 60% 65%.

Cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus

1. Strain selection: select the bacteria whose hyphae are white and robust and whose age is about 20 days. It is especially worth noting that the number of bacteria transmission is not too much, and the contaminated bacteria can not be used, otherwise it will bring a large number of miscellaneous bacteria to the bacteria bed.

2. Site disinfection: the cultivation site of Pleurotus ostreatus should be disinfected, first sprayed with lime water, and then sprayed with insecticides to eliminate miscellaneous bacteria and pests in the cultivation environment. Indoor fumigation should be closed-door, and lime water and pesticides should be sprayed.

3. Pre-mushroom management: the management before mushroom production is mainly to keep the bacteria warm, pay attention to ventilation in the room, and pay attention to the temperature change in the sunny bed. And timely observe whether the material surface is contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria, and corresponding measures should be taken in time.

4. Post-mushroom management: it is best to keep the mushroom room between 20 and 25 ℃ after mushroom production, pay attention to ventilation and give some scattered light to promote primordium differentiation. Young mushroom buds can not spray water directly, the relative humidity of the air should be increased, and the maximum amount of water needed for flattening the cover should be added at this time.

5. Timely harvest: when the fruiting body enters the mature stage, the fungus cover is fully expanded and the edge is rolled up, it should be harvested in time. After harvesting a batch, the bed surface should be cleaned, and the material should be slightly compacted, and the water should be stopped for 3-4 days, so that the hyphae can fully recover and accumulate nutrients and then replenish water.

6. Processing and storage: generally, the first batch of Pleurotus ostreatus can be harvested 30 days after sowing, with a total of 3-4 batches, and 1-2 batches can basically collect about 80% of the mushroom production. Drying, salting and canning can refer to the processing and storage method of Pleurotus ostreatus.