Planting techniques of Lotus Root

Lotus root is slightly sweet and crisp, can be eaten raw or cooked, is one of the commonly used dishes. Lotus root is also a plant with high medicinal value, its roots, leaves, flowers and fruits are all treasures, which can be nourished and used as medicine. The powder made from lotus root can relieve diarrhea, appetizer, clear heat, nourish and prevent internal bleeding. it is a good liquid food and nourishing Jiazhen for women, children, women, weak and sick people. Lotus root is rich in vitamin C and minerals, which is effective, beneficial to the heart, promotes metabolism and prevents rough skin.

Planting techniques of shallow water lotus root and deep water lotus root:

1. Shallow lotus root

1. Select excellent lotus root. Shallow water lotus root should choose excellent varieties suitable for shallow water cultivation as lotus root, such as Hainan Island, Wulian 2 and so on. The best kind of lotus root is the whole lotus root with more than 3-4 nodes and complete seed lotus root and sun lotus root. It is required to plant lotus root stout, buds flourishing, no diseases and insect pests, no damage.

2. Select the fertile clay loam field. The product organs of lotus root are formed in the underground soil. therefore, the lotus root field planting shallow water lotus root is the most suitable for water conservation, rich organic matter, deep silt layer and fertile clay loam.

3. Reasonable close planting. The planting density of lotus root is closely related to ripening period and yield. Proper close planting has the effect of early maturity and yield increase. The general density of precocious varieties is: row spacing 2 meters, hole spacing 0.7 meters. Late-maturing varieties should be sparsely planted properly, and their density is 2-2.5 meters between rows and about 1 meter between holes.

4. Equal emphasis on base fertilizer and topdressing. The growth period of lotus root is long and needs a lot of fertilizer. The general principle of fertilization for shallow lotus root is to pay equal attention to base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer. Generally apply human and animal manure or barnyard manure 1500-2500 kg per mu as base fertilizer. Precocious lotus root generally applies 1500-2000 kg of human manure and urine fertilizer per mu. Topdressing is divided into three stages, with emphasis on the initial stage of lotus root.

5. Scientific regulation and control of water level. The general principle of shallow lotus root water layer management is front shallow, middle deep and rear shallow. The water layer in the budding period should be shallow, 4-7 cm is better, and the water layer in the vigorous growth period of stems and leaves should be deeper, 12-15 cm would be better. During the period of lotus root knot, the water layer should be shallow, with 4-7 cm as good.

6. Turn the lotus root tip frequently and weed in time. During the vigorous growth period of lotus root stems and leaves, lotus roots grow rapidly. When the rolled leaves are about 1 meter away from the edge of the field, in order to prevent the lotus root shoots from crossing the ridge of the field, the lotus roots near the ridge of the field are pulled out and turned to the field every 2-3 days. The lotus root tip is very tender, so the soil and the lotus root tip should be pulled together to prevent breaking the lotus root whip, and then press the soil well after pulling. It is better to do it at noon when turning the lotus root tip. In the early growth stage of shallow lotus root, there are many weeds, which have a great influence on the growth of lotus root, so weeding should be done in time, and it is better to combine artificial weeding with chemical weeding.

7. Timely harvest. After the lotus root terminating leaf appears, the leaf back of the terminating leaf is reddish, and when the edge of the basal standing leaf begins to wither and yellow, the lotus root has fully matured. You can dig the lotus root and go on the market.

Second, deep water lotus root

1. Select good varieties and species of lotus root. Good varieties suitable for deep-water cultivation should be selected for deep-water lotus root. Such as silk seedling, Jingtang silk lotus root and so on. Choose the whole lotus root or larger seed lotus root with the excellent characteristics of this variety as seed lotus root. The lotus root must be fresh, stout and intact, with at least 2 or more fully mature lotus roots and complete terminal buds.

2. Choose a suitable water surface. Deep-water lotus root should choose shallow lakes, river bays, gentle flow, steady fluctuations, underwater silt layer of more than 20 cm thick surface. The maximum water level in summer flood season does not exceed 120 cm.

3. Proper soil preparation and reasonable application of base fertilizer. Before planting deep-water lotus root, if conditions permit, you should bring water ploughing and raking. If the water level is too deep for ploughing and harrowing, the soil can be properly leveled with a large shovel. Apply 1500-2000 kg of barnyard manure per mu or 2500 kg of green manure and fresh grass as base fertilizer, which should be ploughed and raked into the soil. Deep paddy field is easy to lack phosphorus, it is best to apply 20-30kg superphosphate per mu to promote strong seedlings and early development.

4. Planting at the right time. Because of the deep water level, the soil temperature rises slowly, and the planting period is 10-15 days later than that of shallow lotus root.

5. Solid topdressing. Fertilizer is easy to be lost in deep water, so it is not suitable to apply liquid fertilizer. When topdressing, barnyard manure or grass should be buried in the mud. If chemical fertilizer is used as topdressing, chemical fertilizer and river mud should be fully mixed to form mud lumps and applied to lotus root fields.

6. Prevent waterlogging and wind and waves. The water level of deep-water lotus root is not easy to adjust. When the flood season comes, if the standing leaf is submerged, it should be urgently drained within 8 hours to make the lotus leaf out of the water to prevent drowning. Deep-water lotus root is easily affected by wind and waves, especially when it is hit by typhoons during the knot period, which often results in a serious reduction in production. Therefore, several rows of Zizania caduciflora can be planted around the lotus root field to prevent wind and waves and wind damage.

7. Timely harvest. Most of the deep-water lotus roots are late-maturing varieties, and the tender lotus roots are not harvested. When all the vertical leaves turn yellow, they can be dug up and listed on the market.