Common diseases and insect pests of muskmelon and their control

Muskmelon is called cantaloupe and apple melon, but it is different from cantaloupe. The peel of cantaloupe is yellow, and the peel of melon is green. To be exact, melon belongs to cantaloupe. Melon originally belongs to a kind of wild fruit, which has been planted on a large scale in recent years. Although melon was a wild fruit before, it will also produce many diseases and insect pests. What diseases and insect pests will it produce? How to prevent and cure it? Let's take a look at it.

1. Sudden collapse disease

Quenching disease usually occurs in the melon seedling stage, after the melon seedlings are unearthed, the part of the stem in contact with the ground will begin to form a waterlogged shape, showing a yellowish-brown line, which will cause the seedlings to collapse, lack of water, and finally wither to death. It mainly occurs in the case of low temperature and humidity, the main pathogen is a kind of melon and fruit rot mold, the pathogen will survive the winter in the soil and diseased body in the state of oospore, they can survive in the soil for a long time. Spring spreads with wind and rain, irrigation running water and other media. The fully mature farm manure must be used in the soil where seedlings are raised, and the seeds must be disinfected and mixed with chemicals. Copper ammonium mixture and other agents can be used for prevention and treatment after the disease.

2. Muskmelon stem rot

Stem rot mainly harms the stems and roots of muskmelons. In the mature stage of melons, the epidermis of the roots and stems close to the ground will begin to have water stains, gradually crack, there will be signs of tear and peeling, and then brown juice will begin to seep outward. In serious cases, it will cause the melon to die. It mainly causes the pericarp of the fruit to dry and crack, and then produces a large number of black dots, which are the conidia and microsclerotia of the disease. The main cause of the disease is that it is in the state of high temperature and humidity for a long time, and then there are a large number of wounds on the plant, and the bacteria will enter with the wound after overwintering. Continuous cropping cannot be carried out, but rotation should be carried out for at least three years. After harvest, all the diseased remains should be removed thoroughly, the planting density should be controlled reasonably, fertilization should be controlled, and the stagnant water in the field should be discharged.

3. Bacterial wilt

The harmful part of bacterial wilt is mainly the stem vines of melons. Bacterial wilt will make the stem vines begin to become thinner, the same water stains will appear, and the top vines will begin to wither. in the later stage, there are not enough nutrients to cause the whole plant to wither and wither. Cut open the stem of the diseased plant, and then use your hand to squeeze the diseased place, and you will find that there is milky liquid flowing out. The main germs are European bacilli, which survive the winter in the bodies of leaf-eating insects and diseased bodies. Infection is carried out through wounds on insects and plants in spring. The main control method is to avoid continuous cropping, clean up the disease and residue in the garden in time, and can be sprayed with agricultural streptomycin after the disease.

4. Muskmelon soft rot

Soft rot mainly harms muskmelon fruit and occasionally does some harm to vines. Like the first three diseases, water stains will begin to appear. These water stains will begin to expand, then slightly sunken, and the injured areas will be a little soft. At a later stage, it will begin to rot and be accompanied by a certain stench. The main harmful bacteria are the subspecies of European bacilli soft rot, which overwinters in the disease remains and soil, and spreads through all media such as insects, wounds, wind and rain, etc., pay attention to crop rotation, removal of disease residues, drainage and disease prevention. It can be sprayed with new plant element and other chemicals for control.

These are the four common diseases of muskmelon, and it is not difficult to see that most of the methods of these bacteria overwintering are due to attachment to the diseased body and soil. Then in the spring, they will go out one after another to harm the fruit, so be sure to disinfect the soil after harvest, concentrate on destroying the diseased and disabled bodies, and avoid crop rotation. Muskmelon diseases should be examined carefully and corresponding measures should be taken to achieve high yield of muskmelon.