What kinds of fertilizers are commonly used?

Fertilizer is a kind of substance that provides one or more essential nutrient elements for plants, improves soil properties and soil fertility, and is one of the material bases of agricultural production. Fertilizer types can be divided into inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer.

Inorganic fertilizer

Inorganic fertilizers are chemical fertilizers, such as various nitrogen, phosphorus, potash or compound fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers commonly used in the planting industry are: diammonium phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, a variety of compound fertilizers, fruit trees can also use long-acting fertilizers such as stone, also called calcium superphosphate.

1. Nitrogen fertilizer: chemical fertilizer with nitrogen nutrients as the main components, including ammonium bicarbonate, urea, ammonium, ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate and so on. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer to promote the growth of flower roots, stems and leaves, and those inedible beans, peanuts, melon seeds, as well as cannabis seeds, hemp seeds and other oilseeds are good raw materials for nitrogen fertilizer. If these things are fermented and cooked, diluted with water and poured into the soil, they will promote the flowers to thrive.

2. Phosphate fertilizer: chemical fertilizer with phosphorus nutrient elements as the main composition, including ordinary calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and so on. The raw materials of phosphate fertilizer are fish bones, eggshells, freshwater fish scales, cut hair, nails and so on. Mix these sundries evenly in the flower soil, or after fermentation and ripening, add water to dilute and pour into the basin soil, it will make the flowers colorful, bright, and the fruit full.

3. Potash fertilizer: chemical fertilizer, which is mainly composed of potassium nutrient elements, is not widely used at present, and the main varieties are potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and so on. The application of potash fertilizer can increase the ability of flowers to resist lodging and control diseases and insect pests. Amoy rice water, leftover tea water, washing milk bottle water, are very good potash fertilizer, but also contain certain ingredients of nitrogen and phosphorus.

4. compound and mixed fertilizers: that is, fertilizers contain two kinds of fertilizers with three elements (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and ternary compound and mixed fertilizers containing three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Among them, mixed fertilizer has been popularized rapidly all over the country.

5. Trace element fertilizers and some medium element fertilizers: the former, such as those containing boron, zinc, iron, molybdenum, manganese, copper and other trace elements, and the latter, such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, etc.

Organic manure

Organic manure is farm manure, such as feces, decaying animal carcasses or rotten plants. Organic fertilizer such as pig manure, chicken manure, all kinds of rotten dead branches and leaves, plant ash and so on can be used as organic fertilizer.

Organic fertilizer is characterized by a wide range of raw materials, large quantity; complete nutrients, low content; late and long fertilizer effect, which can only be absorbed by plants after microbial decomposition and transformation; soil improvement has a good effect. The commonly used natural fertilizers are green manure, human feces and urine, stable manure, compost, retting manure, biogas fertilizer and waste fertilizer.

Compared with chemical fertilizer according to its nutrient content, the former has many kinds of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and trace elements, while the latter is relatively simple. Nitrogen fertilizer only contains nitrogen, phosphorus fertilizer contains only phosphorus, potassium fertilizer only contains potassium, even compound fertilizer only contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other limited nutrients. However, although the organic fertilizer contains a wide range of nutrients, its concentration is relatively low. Take chicken manure as an example, its nitrogen content is about 1.6%, phosphorus content is about 1.5%, and potassium content is about 0.9%, that is, 100kg chicken manure contains 1.6kg of nitrogen (N), 1.5kg of phosphorus (P2O5) and 0.9kg of potassium (K2O). Urea in chemical fertilizer contains 46% nitrogen, that is, 100kg urea contains nitrogen (N) 46kg, potassium chloride contains 60% potassium chloride 100kg potassium chloride contains K2O60 kg, chemical fertilizer contains much higher nutrient concentration than organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers contain a lot of organic matter, which chemical fertilizers do not have. Organic fertilizer can release nutrients for crops to absorb only after microbial decomposition and decay, while chemical fertilizer can play a role after it is applied to the soil. Therefore, organic fertilizer contains many kinds of nutrients, low concentration, slow release; chemical fertilizer, on the contrary, single nutrient, high concentration, fast release. Both of them have their own advantages and disadvantages. Organic fertilizer should be combined with chemical fertilizer in order to give full play to its benefits.