Key points of citrus cultivation in March

March (stinging to the Spring Equinox) spring shoot sprouting and budding period-entering March, the climate gradually warms up and new shoots begin to sprout All kinds of overwintering diseases and insects will begin to do harm one after another, and doing a good job in the current field cultivation and management is the basis for high yield and high quality this year. The main results are as follows: (1) planting and fertilizing citrus seedlings should be completed before the first ten days of March when spring shoots sprout. Due to the influence of citrus Huanglong disease, plant quarantine should be paid attention to in the introduction of citrus, and it is better to buy excellent seedlings bred locally. Choose according to market demand and variety characteristics. The newly planted orange orchard should make enough base fertilizer, apply 1.5 tons of rotten organic fertilizer or soil fertilizer per mu, mix well with the pier (cave) soil, and the planting depth should be 5 inches above the ground. after planting, it should be fully irrigated and straw should be laid to prevent drying. Orange orchards in coastal land and low-lying plains should be planted with piers and terraced fields as wall protection measures. For the newly opened garden that is not ready for planting, you can first choose a piece of garden with convenient management, fake planting, pseudo-planting spacing and about 50 × 50 cm. The application of spring fertilizer can promote the strong enrichment and flowering and fruiting of new shoots. Spring grass begins to grow earlier than citrus roots after the rise of low temperature in spring. Fertilization after weeding is beneficial to the rise of soil temperature and promote the early emergence of new shoots. The amount of fertilizer application accounts for about 15%-25% of the whole year. Young trees are mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, adult trees are mainly nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, and weak trees and trees with large crowns can be applied more appropriately. Strictly prevent dry application of fertilizer during drought, injuring roots and weakening the tree. (2) for orange trees with poor varieties (lines), good varieties can be selected for high grafting renewal, and suitable varieties can be selected according to local ecological conditions. the recommended varieties are Tiancao orange, Nanxiang orange, extra-precocious Wenzhou mandarin orange, Hongyu mandarin, local early tangerine, seedless ou orange, sweet orange pomelo (sweet spring pomelo), etc., and the ear trees used for grafting should be cut before sprouting in early March. Choose healthy spring or summer shoots that are disease-free and pest-free. The harvested panicle wood can be stored in a film bag, stored in a refrigerator freezer or in a cool place away from light, and grafting can begin in late March. (3) pruning and cutting off the branches and leaves of diseases and insect pests before the Spring Equinox. Due to the severe drought in 2003, orange orchards are generally harvested too late, and the trees are weak, and it is expected that the flower bud differentiation this year is not as good as that in normal years, so pruning should be based on thinning. After the occurrence of new shoots, wipe off some spring shoots to ensure the amount of flowers and fruit setting rate. Check the branches, dig out the spot of citrus resin disease in time, and coat the wound with 5% Bordeaux pulp or 70% methyl topiramate 50 times solution. Citrus orchards with more scale, mites and soot diseases can be cleared with 150 million 200 times engine oil emulsion, scab can be controlled with Bordeaux liquid when spring buds grow 2 mm, and canker disease can be controlled with Bordeaux liquid when spring shoots grow 2 cm and leaves begin to turn green. Note that the oil emulsion should not be mixed with Bordeaux liquid and other sulfur-containing fungicides, and the interval should be more than half a month.