Management of cultivation techniques of papaya

(1) varieties. Papaya varieties. (2) Land conditions. From 300m to 900m above sea level, the soil type is yellow brown soil, the thickness of soil layer is more than 50cm, the pH value of soil is 5.3cm to 7.0m, and the content of organic matter ≥ is 1.0%. (3) cultivation and management. 1. Seedling breeding: seedling propagation. Seedling cultivation is divided into autumn sowing and spring sowing. Autumn sowing, from late October to early November. Spring sowing, from early to late March. Select the well-developed and fully mature papaya fruit, take the seeds, wash them, dry them, and set aside in a low-temperature and dry place. The seeds sown in spring must be treated with sand accumulation under the condition of low temperature. Spring sowing and autumn sowing are fine. When the diameter of the seedling is more than 0.5cm, it can be grafted. Spring grafting was carried out 20 days before the germination of rootstocks, such as split grafting, tongue grafting or skin grafting. Check the survival rate and repair in time after grafting. Cut the anvil in time to remove cuteness and untie. two。 Planting: planting time: autumn planting after normal defoliation of papaya trees to before land freezing (mid-November to early December); spring planting before soil thawing to seedling germination (late February to mid-March). Plant ≤ 900plants per hectare. 3. Fertilization: mainly rotten farm manure or crushed high-quality cake fertilizer, auxiliary use of chemical fertilizer (papaya special fertilizer). The application rate of mature farm manure is 37500 to 75000kg/ hectare, and the high quality cake fertilizer is 2250 to 3750 kg/ hectare. 4. Plastic pruning: winter pruning is the main pruning, and winter pruning is combined with summer pruning. The main task of winter shearing is to cut short strong branches, remove dense branches, weak branches and diseased branches, and slowly release moderate branches. In summer, measures such as branch thinning, coring, twisting, flower and fruit thinning, leaf thinning and other measures are used to adjust the tree potential, ventilation and light transmission. 5. Environmental and safety requirements: the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers must comply with the relevant provisions of the state and shall not pollute the environment. (4) harvesting. In late October, the pericarp changed from green to yellow and was harvested after strong aroma. Handle and handle gently during harvest to avoid mechanical damage, and at the same time harvest and stack according to large, medium and small grades, the stacking thickness does not exceed 30cm. (5) Storage. The storage time of fresh papaya fruit in bulk is no more than 10 days at natural temperature. The fresh papaya fruit packaged in fresh bags can be stored for no more than 30 days at natural temperature.