Technology of mixed cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus with corncob and bean curd dregs

Pleurotus ostreatus is cultivated with corncob and bean curd dregs as culture medium. because tofu dregs and corncobs are rich in nutrients such as crude protein, crude fat and amino acids, they can produce 50-75 kg of fresh mushrooms per square meter, and the biological efficiency can reach 150% 200%. The economic benefit is considerable. The high yield and high efficiency techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated with corncob and bean curd dregs are introduced as follows.

1. The proportion of culture materials. Crush 100 kg corncob, 80 kg wet bean curd residue and 6 kg white ash.

2. Mix and bag. First of all, dilute the wet bean curd dregs and white ash with water and mix well in the corncob until the water content of the culture material reaches 65%. Choose 50x25x0.05 centimeter polyethylene low-pressure plastic cylinder to load, pack while compacting (about 1.25kg of dry material in each bag), fasten both ends with rope.

3. Sterilization. The bacteria bag was sterilized under atmospheric pressure at a temperature of 100 ℃, kept for 8-10 hours, and simmered for 8-10 hours after a cease-fire. After getting out of the pot, cool the material temperature to below 30 ℃ and inoculate. The inoculation room should be disinfected twice. Before moving the bacterial bag to the inoculation room, it was fumigated with potassium permanganate and formaldehyde (1:3). After moving the bacterial bag to the inoculation room, it was disinfected with a fog disinfection box.

4. Strain selection. Nanjing No. 1, Life No. 1, ccef89, Jiuping No. 1 and other varieties are all suitable for cultivation, with strong mycelium growth, rapid tide change, high yield and high quality. The suitable age of the third-grade bacteria is 30 and 40 days.

5. Inoculation method. The method of inoculation with 3 holes at both ends and in the middle of the bag was adopted. Break the strain into small pieces the size of peanuts, not too broken. The amount of inoculation is about 15% of the material weight. In this method, the bacteria germinate quickly, occupy the material surface quickly and reduce the infection of miscellaneous bacteria.

6. Germ management. Move the inoculated bags to the culture room and put them in rows. The two bags are inoculated opposite to each other. The heap is 5-7 layers high and each row is 50 cm apart. The suitable room temperature is about 15 ℃. When the temperature is more than 25 ℃, the temperature of the material should be controlled below 25 ℃. After 10 days of cultivation, the stack should be turned once and the upper and lower layers should be exchanged. The bag can be full of bacteria in about 30 days.

7. Elimination of miscellaneous bacteria. If miscellaneous bacteria are found to grow in the bacteria bag, one of the fungicides such as 95% alcohol, 5% formaldehyde, 20% limewater, 5% stone carbonic acid, diesel oil and other fungicides can be injected into the culture material where the miscellaneous bacteria grow with a syringe, so that the penetration area and depth of the solution are greater than the growth area of miscellaneous bacteria, so as to effectively prevent and control miscellaneous bacteria. If the area of miscellaneous bacteria in the bag is too large to be prevented and treated with liquid medicine, it should be picked out and disposed of outdoors.

8. Border soil mulching cultivation. Dig soil to make a border, with a width of 1 meter, a depth of 35 centimeters, and unlimited length. Spray insecticides and fungicides at and around the border once (1000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsion and 10% lime water). Then take off the plastic bag full of mycelium, put it vertically in the border, the bacteria columns are 2 meters apart, fill the gap with fluvo-aquic soil and compact it, and pour through the nutrient water (100 kg of water, 500 g of urea, 300 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 200 g of magnesium sulfate and 4 kg of lime). The covering soil should be flat with the material surface, and the residual soil of the material surface should be washed away with water to expose the end face, and then covered with plastic film, which should not be compacted around for ventilation.

9. Mushroom production management. In order to promote the formation of fruiting bodies, it should be ventilated for 1 hour every day, at night when the temperature is higher than 15 ℃, and at noon when the temperature is below 10 ℃. At the same time, the plastic film on the border will be opened for ventilation. After a few days, a large number of buds will grow rapidly, and the original cap will be formed at the top. The border film will be opened, water will be sprayed into the air every day, and the indoor relative humidity will be maintained at about 95%. It takes about 7-10 days from fruiting body formation to picking.

10. Harvest. When the edge of the fungus cap is in the shape of a gong, the mushroom is of good quality, heavy weight and fast tide turning. After picking, clean the border surface, stop spraying water for 3-5 days, and then pour water into the border once more to keep the border surface moist. About 1 week later, the border surface will grow buds again and still be managed according to the first batch of mushroom management methods. Generally, 4-6 batches are harvested, and the whole growth period is 4-6 months.